[2026:RJ-JP:10337-DB] HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE FOR RAJASTHAN BENCH AT JAIPUR D.B. Criminal Appeal (Db) No. 455/2019 Gaurav Chipa S/o Shri Omprakash Chipa, Aged About 25 Years, R/o Y-210, Mahaveer Nagar, Behind of Ramdware, Sanganer Jaipur (Raj.) (At Present Confined in Central Jail Jaipur) ----Accused/Appellant Versus State of Rajasthan, Through Public Prosecutor. ----Respondent Connected With D.B. Criminal Appeal (Db) No. 454/2019 Nitansh Sain S/o Shri Kapoor Setaria, Aged About 21 Years, R/o B-94, Flat No. G-1, Vedvilla Colony, Swej Farm, P.S. Mahesh Nagar, Jaipur (Raj.) (Accused is Confined in Central Jail Jaipur) ----Accused/Appellant Versus State of Rajasthan, Through P.P. ----Respondent For Appellant(s) : Mr. Saurabh Yadav, Adv. Mr. Hemant Gupta, Adv. For Respondent(s) : Mr. Amit Kumar Punia, PP HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE MAHENDAR KUMAR GOYAL HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE BHUWAN GOYAL Judgment 10/03/2026 (PER HON'BLE BHUWAN GOYAL, J.) 1. mDr nksuksa vihysa fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk ikfjr ,d gh fu.kZ; ds fo:) izLrqr gksus ls budk fuLrkj.k ,d lkFk fd;k tk jgk gSA 2. vihykFkhZx.k&vfHk;qDrx.k 1- xkSjo Nhik iq= vkseizdk'k Nhik] 2- furka'k lSu iq= diwj lsrfj;k }kjk gLrxr vihysa varxZr /kkjk 374 [2026:RJ-JP:10337-DB] (2 of 15) [CRLAD-455/2019] n-iaz-la- ds rgr fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; vij ls'ku U;k;k/kh'k] Øe&5] t;iqj egkuxj }kjk ls'ku izdj.k laaaaaaaaa[;k 02@2013 ¼03@2014½] muokuh izdj.k jktLFkku jkT; cuke furka'k o vU; esa ikfjr fu.kZ; ,oa n.Mkns'k fnukad 05-11-2019 ds fo:) izLrqr dh xbZ gS] ftlds }kjk fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk vihykFkhZx.k&vfHk;qDrx.k dks vijk/k varxZr /kkjk 302] 364] 302 lifBr /kkjk 120ch] 364 lifBr /kkjk 120ch] 201 Hkk-na-la- ds vkjksiksa esa nks"kfl) fd;k tkdj fuEukuqlkj nf.Mr fd;k x;k gS%& /kkjk ltk vFkZn.M vne vnk;xh vFkZn.M 302 Hkk-na-la- vkthou dkjkokl 50]000@& #i, 06 ekg dk vfrfjDr dkjkokl 364 Hkk-na-la- vkthou dkjkokl 50]000@& #i, 06 ekg dk vfrfjDr dkjkokl 302 lifBr /kkjk 120ch Hkk-na-la- vkthou dkjkokl 20]000@& #i, 06 ekg dk vfrfjDr dkjkokl 364 lifBr /kkjk 120ch Hkk-na-la- vkthou dkjkokl 20]000@& #i, 06 ekg dk vfrfjDr dkjkokl 201 Hkk-na-la- 03 o"kZ dk dBksj dkjkokl 5]000@& #i, 02 ekg dk vfrfjDr dkjkokl lHkh ewy ltk,a lkFk&lkFk pyus dk vkns'k fn;k x;k gSA 3. la{ksi esa izdj.k ds rF; bl izdkj ls gSa fd fnukad 04-12-2012 dks ifjoknh jktsUnz dqekj lSu ¼ih-M-&01½ us Fkkukf/kdkjh] iqfyl Fkkuk ';ke uxj] t;iqj 'kgj ds le{k ,d fyf[kr fjiksVZ ¼izn'kZ ih-&1½ bl vk'k; dh izLrqr dh fd fnukad 28-11-2012 dks mlds iq= iq"isUnz }kjk mldh uoklh uSuk ¼u;uk½ ds xqe gksus dh lwpuk ';ke uxj Fkkus esa ntZ djok;h Fkh] ysfdu fnukad 28-11-2012 ls vkt rd mldh uoklh u;uk dks mUgksaus muds lHkh fj'rsnkjksa] tkudkjksa us lHkh txg ij ryk'k fd;k] ijUrq mlds ckjs esa dqN Hkh irk ugha py ldk gS] mls 'kadk gS fd mldh uoklh u;uk ¼uSuk½ dk fdlh us vigj.k dj xk;c dj j[kk gS] mldh uoklh u;uk dk vigj.k gks tkus dh fjiksVZ ntZ dj mfpr dkjokbZ djs o mldh uoklh u;uk [2026:RJ-JP:10337-DB] (3 of 15) [CRLAD-455/2019] dks lgh lyker mls fnykbZ tkos] bR;kfn------A 4. mDr fjiksVZ ds vk/kkj ij iqfyl Fkkuk& ';ke uxj] t;iqj ¼nf{k.k½ }kjk izFke lwpuk fjiksVZ la[;k 351@2012] vUrxZr /kkjk 363 Hkk-na-la- esa ntZ dj vuqla/kku izkjaHk fd;k x;kA ckn vuqla/kku vfHk;qDrx.k furka'k lSu o xkSjo Nhik ds fo:) vijk/k vUrxZr /kkjk 364] 302] 201] 120ch Hkk-na-la- esa vkjksi i= vfrfjDr eq[; egkuxj eftLVsªV] uEcj&4] t;iqj egkuxj ds le{k is'k fd;k x;k gS] ftl ij fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk izlaKku fy;k tkdj] ekeyk ls'ku U;k;ky; }kjk fopkj.kh; gksus ls mls ls'ku U;k;ky; dks dfeV fd;k x;k] tgka ls gLrxr izdj.k dkykarj esa lquokbZ gsrq varfjr gksdj fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; vij ls'ku U;k;k/kh'k] Øe&5] t;iqj egkuxj dks izkIr gqvkA 5. fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; us cgl pktZ lqudj vihykFkhZx.k&vfHk;qDrx.k ds fo:) /kkjk 364 lifBr /kkjk 120ch] 302 lifBr /kkjk 120ch] 364] 302] 201 Hkk-na-l- esa n.Muh; vijk/kksa dk vkjksi fojfpr dj mUgsa lquk;k o le>k;k x;k rks vfHk;qDrx.k us vkjksi vLohdkj dj vUoh{kk pkgh] ftl ij vfHk;kstu i{k dh vksj ls ekSf[kd lk{; esa xokgku ih-MCY;w-&1 yxk;r ih-M-&38 ds c;ku ys[kc) djok;s x;s rFkk ekSf[kd lk{; ds leFkZu esa nLrkostkr izn'kZ ih&1 yxk;r izn'kZ ih&92 is'k dj iznf'kZr djok;s x;sA 6. fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk rRi'pkr~ vfHk;qDrx.k dks /kkjk 313 na-iz-la- ds rgr ijhf{kr fd;k x;k] ftlesa vfHk;qDrx.k us xokgku ds }kjk muds fo:)] xyr lk{; iqfyl o jktsUnz ds dgus ls nsuk crk;k ,oa lk{; lQkbZ is'k djus dh vuqefr pkgh xbZ] fdUrq fdlh Hkh xokg dks is'k dj ijhf{kr ugha djok;k x;kA 7. fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk mHk;i{kksa dks lquus ds i'pkr~ vihykFkhZx.k&vfHk;qDrx.k xkSjo Nhik o furka'k lSu dks vijk/k vUrxZr /kkjk 302] 364] 302 lifBr /kkjk 120ch] 364 lifBr /kkjk [2026:RJ-JP:10337-DB] (4 of 15) [CRLAD-455/2019] 120ch] 201 Hkk-na-la- esa nf.Mr fd;k x;k] ftlls O;fFkr gksdj vihykFkhZx.k&vfHk;qDrx.k ds }kjk gLrxr vihysa izLrqr dh xbZ gSA 8. izLrqr ekeys esa gekjs le{k izeq[k :i ls fopkj.kh; fcUnw ;g gS fd& 1. vk;k vihykFkhZx.k&vfHk;qDrx.k us fnukad 28-11- 2012 ;k blls iwoZ ckfydk uSuk dh gR;k djus ds vk'k; ls mlds vigj.k dk "kM~;a= jpdj mldk vigj.k fd;k ,oa mldk xyk nckdj lvk'k; mldh gR;k dj] mDr vijk/k ls cpus ds vk'k; ls 'ko dks cksjh esa jLlh ls can dj] vkx yxkdj rstsUnzz flag ds dq,a ij ys tkdj mlesa Mkydj lk{; foyksiu fd;k x;k\ 2. vk;k fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk ikfjr fu.kZ; fnukad 05-11-22019 fof/k lEer ugha gksus ls vikLr fd;s tkus ;ksX; gS\ 9. fo}ku vf/koDrk vihykFkhZx.k&vfHk;qDrx.k dk la;qDr :i ls dFku gS fd izLrqr ekeys esa ?kVuk dk dksbZ p'enhn lk{kh izLrqr ugha gqvk gS ,oa xokg ih-M-&3 uojRu frokM+h ,oa xokg ih-M-&22 yksds'k 'kekZ] ftuds }kjk ?kVuk ds fnu vihykFkhZx.k&vfHk;qDrx.k dks e`rdk ds lkFk ns[kuk crk;k x;k gS] muds dFku vR;f/kd foyEc ls ntZ fd, tkus ls fo'oluh; ugha gSa ,oa izdj.k esa xokg uojRu frokM+h ds dFku dh lEiqf"V xksyxIis okys ds U;k;ky; esa ijhf{kr ugha gksus ls Hkh ugha gks ikbZ gS] mudk ;g Hkh dFku gS fd mDr lk{kh ls tsy esa djokbZ xbZ dk;Zokgh f'kuk[rxh dk;Zokgh Hkh fo'oluh; ugha gS] D;ksafd xokg ih-M-&20 jkepUnz us viuh izfrijh{kk esa eqyfteku dks fxj¶rkjh ls iwoZ ckinkZ ugha j[kk tkuk Lohdkj fd;k gS ,oa lk{kh uojRu us mldk fnukad 04&12&2012 ls fnukad 15&12&2012 ds e/; nks&rhu ckj Fkkus tkuk Lohdkj fd;k gS] mudk ;g Hkh dFku gS fd ykLV lhu ds vU; xokg yksds'k 'kekZ ds dFkuksa dh lEiqf"V Hkh [2026:RJ-JP:10337-DB] (5 of 15) [CRLAD-455/2019] izFke rks vU; lk{; ls ugha gqbZ gS ,oa mDr xokg us Hkh eqyfteku dks Fkkus esa ns[kuk Lohdkj fd;k gSA 10. fo}ku vf/koDrk vihykFkhZx.k&vfHk;qDrx.k dk ;g Hkh dFku gS fd izdj.k esa fnukad 05&12&2012 dks tks yk'k cjken dh xbZ gS] og e`rdk uSuk dh Fkh] ;g rF; Hkh izekf.kr ugha gqvk gS] D;ksafd izLrqr xokgku us 'ko dk xyk&lM+k gksdj igpkuus dh fLFkfr esa ugha gksuk Lohdkj fd;k gS ,oa gh Mh,u, fjiksVZ ls Hkh cjken'kqnk 'ko u;uk¼uSuk½ dk gksus dh ckr izekf.kr ugha gqbZ gSA 11. fo}ku vf/koDrk vihykFkhZx.k&vfHk;qDrk dk ;g Hkh dFku gS fd ifjoknh us fnukad 03&12&2012 dks vihykFkhZx.k&vfHk;qDrx.k }kjk mls Qksu dj] fQjkSrh ekaxuk dFku fd;k gS] fdarq mldk mDr dFku fo'oluh; ugha gksdj vk¶Vj FkkWV gSa] D;ksafd ;fn mlls fQjkSrh ekaxh xbZ gksrh rks mlds }kjk mDr rF; fjiksVZ] tks fnukad 04&12&2012 dks ntZ djkbZ xbZ gS] mlesa vafdr djok;k x;k gksrk] mudk ;g Hkh dFku gS fd ifjoknh ds ftl Qksu ij fQjkSrh ekaxus ckcr~ Qksu vkuk crk;k x;k gS] og vuqla/kku ds nkSjku tCr ugha fd;k x;k gS ,oa vuqla/kku ds nkSjku ftl Qksu dks furka'k lSu ls tCr djuk crk;k x;k gS] mls xokg ih-M-&17 izseizdk'k /kksch us Lo;a Fkkus ij tkdj nsuk dFku fd;k gS] ftlls lEiw.kZ vfHk;kstu dgkuh fo'oluh; ugha gSA 12. fo}ku vf/koDrk vihykFkhZx.k&vfHk;qDrx.k dk ;g Hkh dFku gS fd furka'k dk foftfVax dkMZ yk'k ds ikl feyus ckcr~ Hkh vfHk;kstu dgkuh lafnX/k gS] D;ksafd xokg ih-M-&14 jkts'k HkkVh us vius c;kuksa esa QksVksxzkQh ds le; ekSds ij dksbZ foftfVax dkMZ iM+k ugha gksuk dFku fd;k gS] blh izdkj izdj.k esa vihykFkhZx.k&vfHk;qDrx.k ls e`rdk dh lSafMy@pIiy cjken ckcr~ vfHk;kstu dgkuh Hkh lafnX/k gS] D;ksafd xokg ih-M-&1 jktsUnz dqekj lSu us vius c;kuksa esa ekSds ij gh e`rdk ds lSafMy@pIiy iM+s gksuk ,oa mudh igpku djuk dFku fd;k gSA [2026:RJ-JP:10337-DB] (6 of 15) [CRLAD-455/2019] 13. fo}ku vf/koDrk vihykFkhZx.k&vfHk;qDrx.k dk ;g Hkh dFku gS fd izdj.k esa uSuk¼u;uk½ dh fnukad 28&11&2012 dh 'kke ;k mlds i'pkr~ fdlh vU; fnu gR;k dj mldh yk'k dks cksjh esa Mkydj mldk eqag ukfj;y dh jLlh ls cka/kdj o mls tykdj cksjh dks dq,a esa Mkyuk tks fnukad 05&12&2012 dks dq,a ls cjken fd;k tkuk crk;k x;k gS] fdarq QnZ tCrh izn'kZ ih&27 ds vuqlkj mDr jLlh yxh cksjh fnukad 05&12&2012 ds LFkku ij] fnukad 08&12&2012 dks dq,a ls fudkyh xbZ gS] mudk ;g Hkh dFku gS fd QksVks ds voyksdu ls cjken'kqnk 'ko }kjk igus gq, diM+ksa ij tyus ds fu'kku gksuk izekf.kr ugha gksrk gS ,oa izn'kZ ih&3 QnZ nLr;kch e`rd ckfydk esa 'ko }kjk igus diM+ksa ij 'ko dh Ropk ds vo'ks"k ,oa cky yxs gksuk vafdr ugha gS] tcfd izn'kZ ih&3 QnZ nLr;kch esa 'ko dh lEiw.kZ Ropk xyh gksdj mlds flj ds cky ugha gksuk vafdr gS] mudk ;g Hkh dFku gS fd izdj.k esa tCr'kqnk cksjh ij Hkh e`rdk dh Ropk ds vo'ks"k ugha ik, x, gSa] ,oa jLlh ftlls cksjh dks cka/kk x;k Fkk] mldh ,Q,l,y tkap ugha gqbZ gSA 14. fo}ku vf/koDrk vihykFkhZx.k&vfHk;qDrx.k dk var esa dFku gS fd fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; us i=koyh ij izLrqr lk{; dk lw{erk ls ,oa xgurk ls voyksdu fd, fcuk gh] vkykSP; vkns'k fnukad 05&11&2019 ikfjr fd;k gS] tks vkns'k fof/klEer ugha gksus ls vikLr fd, tkus ;ksX; gS] vr% vihy vihykFkhZx.k&vfHk;qDrx.k Lohdkj djrs gq, vkykSP; vkns'k fnukad 05&11&2019 vikLr dj vihykFkhZx.k&vfHk;qDrx.k dks vkjksfir vijk/kksa ls nks"keqDr fd;k tkosA 15. fo}ku yksd vfHk;kstd us vihykFkhZx.k&vfHk;qDrx.k }kjk izLrqr vihy dk fojks/k djrs gq, dFku fd;k x;k fd fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk izLrqr lk{; dk vR;ar lw{erk ls ,oa xgurk ls voyksdu dj tks vkykSP; vkns'k fnukad 05&11&2019 ikfjr fd;k gS] mlesa fdlh izdkj dh dksbZ fof/kd ,oa rF;kRed =qfV ugha gS] [2026:RJ-JP:10337-DB] (7 of 15) [CRLAD-455/2019] vr% vihy vihykFkhZx.k&vfHk;qDrx.k vLohdkj dj [kkfjt dh tkosA 16. geusa vihyh; i=koyh dk e; fjdkWMZ lEekuiwoZd voyksdu fd;k ,oa mHk; i{k ds rdksZa ij xaHkhjrkiwoZd euu fd;kA 17. gLrxr izdj.k esa nkSjkus cgl ;g Lohd`r rF; gS fd ?kVuk dk dksbZ p'enhn lk{kh ugha gS ,oa izdj.k iw.kZr% ifjfLFkfrtU; lk{; ij vk/kkfjr gSA 18. ifjfLFkfrtU; lk{; ds ekeyksa esa ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; us 'kjn fcjnhpUn lkjnk cuke egkjk"Vª jkT; AIR 1984 SC 1622 esa fdlh vkjksih ds f[kykQ ekeys dks lkfcr djus gsrq fuEu ikap 'krksZa dk iwjk gksuk vko';d crk;k gS%& ¼1½ ftu ifjfLFkfr;ksa ls vijk/k dk fu"d"kZ fudkyk tkuk gS] mUgsa izdj.k esa iwjh rjg ls LFkkfir fd;k x;k gks( ¼2½ bl izdkj LFkkfir rF; dsoy vfHk;qDr ds vijk/k dh ifjdYiuk ds vuq:i gksus pkfg,( vFkkZr~ mUgsa fdlh vU; ifjdYiuk ij Li"Vhdj.k ugha fn;k tkuk pkfg,] flok; blds dh vfHk;qDr nks"kh gS( ¼3½ ifjfLFkfr;ka fu.kkZ;d i)fr ,oa izd`fr dh gksuh pkfg,( ¼4½ mUgsa fl) dh tkus okyh ifjdYiuk dks NksM+dj gj lEHkkfor ifjdYiuk dks ckgj dj nsuk pkfg,( ¼5½ lk{;ksa dh J`a[kyk bruh iw.kZ gksuh pkfg, fd vfHk;qDr dh csxqukgh ds vuq:i fu"d"kZ ds fy, dksbZ mfpr vk/kkj uk NwVs vkSj ;g n'kkZ;k tkos fd lHkh ekuoh; lEHkkoukvksa esa dk;Z vfHk;qDr }kjk fd;k x;k gksxk( 19. blh lanHkZ ess ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; us vius U;kf;d n`"Vkar Pritinder Singh alias Lovely v. State of Punjab, (2023) 7 SCC 727 ds iSjk la[;k 17 o 18 esa ;g vfHkfu/kkZfjr fd;k gS fd%& 17. It can thus be seen that this Court has held that the circumstances from which the conclusion of guilt is to be drawn should be fully established. It has been held that the circumstances concerned “must or should” and not “may be” established. It has been held that there is not only a grammatical but [2026:RJ-JP:10337-DB] (8 of 15) [CRLAD-455/2019] a legal distinction between “may be proved” and “must be or should be proved”. It has been held that the facts so established should be consistent only with the hypothesis of the guilt of the accused, that is to say, they should not be explainable on any other hypothesis except that the accused is guilty. It has been held that the circumstances should be of a conclusive nature and tendency and they should exclude every possible hypothesis except the one sought to be proved, and that there must be a chain of evidence so complete so as not to leave any reasonable ground for the conclusion consistent with the innocence of the accused and must show that in all human probability the act must have been done by the accused. 18. It is a settled principle of law that, however strong a suspicion may be, it cannot take the place of proof beyond a reasonable doubt. In the light of these guiding principles, we will have to consider the present case." 20. geus ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; }kjk mDr U;kf;d n`"Vkar esa izfrikfnr fl)kar ds ifjizs{; esa i=koyh ij miyC/k lk{; dk lEekuiwoZd voyksdu fd;kA 21. gLrxr izdj.k esa vfHk;kstu i{k dk ;g dsl jgk gS fd fnukad 28&11&2012 dks ;k mlls iwoZ fdlh le; vihykFkhZx.k&vfHk;qDrx.k us fQjkSrh ekaxus ds vk'k; ls e`rdk uSuk ds vigj.k dk "kM~;a= jpdj] mldk vigj.k dj mldk xyk nckdj gR;k dj mldh yk'k dks cksjh esa Mkydj] mldk eqag jLlh ls cka/kdj] mls vkx yxkdj rstsUnz flag ds dq,a ij ys tkdj Mky nhA mDr vfHk;kstu dgkuh ds lanHkZ esa gesa loZizFke ;g ns[kuk gS fd D;k fnukad 05&12&2012 dks tks 'ko rstsUnz flag ds dq,a ls cjken gqvk] og uSuk¼u;uk½ iq=h jfo dqekj dk Fkk] bl lanHkZ esa i=koyh ij izLrqr lk{; dk voyksdu djsa rks xokg ih-M-&18 MkWDVj nhikyh ikBd] xokg ih-M-&19 MkWDVj jkts'k dqekj oekZ ,oa xokg ih-M-&27 MkWDVj fiz;adk 'kekZ] ftUgksaus mDr 'ko dk ijh{k.k fd;k gS] mUgksaus vius c;kuksa esa ;g dFku fd;k gS fd 'ko lM+h&xyh voLFkk esa gksus ls igpkuus dh fLFkfr esa ugha Fkk] ,oa mlesa dhM+s iM+ pqds Fks] xokg ih-M-&1 jktsUnz dqekj lSu us Hkh vius [2026:RJ-JP:10337-DB] (9 of 15) [CRLAD-455/2019] c;ku esa ikuh esa xy tkus ds dkj.k mldk psgjk fn[kkbZ ugha nsuk dFku fd;k gS] xokg ih-M-&10 egsUnz flag us Hkh 'ko dk psgjk igpkuus esa ugha vkuk dFku fd;k gS] xokg ih-M-&14 jkts'k] ftlus mDr 'ko dh QksVksa [khaph Fkh] mlus Hkh ftl 'ko dh QksVksa [khaph] mldh 'kDy igpku esa ugha vkuk dFku fd;k gS] xokg ih-M-&25 gfj flag ,oa xokg ih-M-&26 egs'k flag tks fd vuqla/kku vf/kdkjh gSa] mUgksaus Hkh viuh izfrijh{kk esa ;g Lohdkj fd;k gS fd tks yk'k cjken gqbZ] og igpkuus esa ugha vk jgh Fkh] ftlls cjkenxh ds le; 'ko dk lM+k&xyk gksdj igpkuus dh fLFkfr esa uk gksuk izekf.kr gksrk gS] gLrxr izdj.k esa mDr cjken'kqnk 'ko dh igpku gsrq Mh,u, tkap Hkh djkbZ xbZ gS] fdarq Mh,u, tkap fjiksVZ izn'kZ ih&45 esa mDr 'ko uSuk¼u;uk½ dk gksus ds lanHkZ esa dksbZ fuf'pr fu"d"kZ izkIr ugha gqvk gS] ftlls gLrxr izdj.k esa cjken'kqnk 'ko e`rdk uSuk dk gksus dh ckr ;qfDr;qDr lansg ls ijs fl) ugha gks ikus ls izFken`"V;k gh vfHk;kstu dgkuh dh dM+hc) J`a[kyk ugha cu ikbZ gSA 22. gLrxr izdj.k esa vfHk;kstu dgkuh ds vuqlkj 'ko }kjk igus gq, diM+ksa ds vk/kkj ij xokg ih-M-&1 jktsUnz dqekj lSu }kjk mldh igpku uSuk ds :i esa djuk crk;k x;k gS] fdarq izFke rks mDr xokg us viuh izfrijh{kk esa ;g Lohdkj fd;k x;k gS fd yk'k us tks diM+s igu j[ks Fks] mlh rjg ds diM+s ekdsZV esa cgqr feyrs gSa] bl lanHkZ esa ;g Hkh mYys[kuh; gS fd mDr 'ko }kjk igus diM+ksa dks iksLVekVZe ls iwoZ tCr fd;k tkuk crk;k x;k gS] fdUrq QnZ tCrh izn'kZ ih&7 ds voyksdu ls mudk iksLVekVZe ds ckn tCr fd;k tkuk izdV gksrk gS] D;ksafd 'ko dk iksLVekVZe fnukad 06&12&2012 dks le; 11%10 ih,e ij gqvk gS] ,oa diM+ksa dh tCrh le; 12%10 ih,e ij rS;kj dh xbZ gS] bl lanHkZ esa ;g Hkh mYys[kuh; gS fd ekspZjh ds deZpkjh ftlus 'ko ls diM+s mrkjdj iqfyl dks fn,] mls U;k;ky; esa ijhf{kr ugha djok;k x;k gS] izdj.k esa ;g Hkh mYys[kuh; gS fd xokg ih-M-&1 jktsUnz dqekj lSu us vius c;kuksa esa [2026:RJ-JP:10337-DB] (10 of 15) [CRLAD-455/2019] uSuk ds QksVks izn'kZ Mh&3 esa igus diM+s ,oa U;k;ky; esa izLrqr diM+s vyx&vyx gksuk dFku fd;k x;k gS] ftlls 'ko }kjk igus diM+s dh xokg }kjk igpku djuk] mUgsa gh vuqla/kku ds nkSjku tCr fd;k tkuk] nksuksa rF; gh iw.kZ :i ls lansg ls ijs fl) ugha gks ik, gSa] bl lanHkZ esa ;g Hkh mYys[kuh; gS fd 'ko dks cksjh esa Mkydj] ml ij isVªksy fNM+ddj ,oa vkx yxkdj mls dq,a esa Mkyuk crk;k x;k gS] fdarq QksVksxzkQ izn'kZ ih&13 yxk;r izn'kZ ih&24 ds voyksdu ls 'ko }kjk igus diM+s dk lgh gkyr esa gksuk izdV gksdj mu ij tyus ds fu'kku ugha gksuk izdV gksrk gS] ftlls Hkh gLrxr izdj.k esa iqu% vfHk;kstu dgkuh dh dM+hc) J`a[kyk ugha cu ikrh gSA 23. gLrxr izdj.k esa vfHk;kstu dgkuh vuqlkj 'ko dks fnukad 05&12&2012 dks dq,a esa ls fudkyuk crk;k x;k gS] fdUrq mDr lhycan cksjh dks izn'kZ ih&27 vuqlkj fnukad 08&12&2012 dks dq,a ls fudkyuk izdV gksrk gS] izdj.k esa ;g Li"V ugha gqvk gS fd yk'k cksjh ls ckgj dSls vkbZ ,oa vfHk;kstu i{k bl ckjs esa iw.kZr;k ekSu gS] izdj.k esa ;g Hkh mYys[kuh; gS fd QnZ tCrh cksjh izn'kZ ih&27 esa cksjh ij e`rdk ds Ropk ds dksbZ cky o vo'ks"k yxs gksuk Hkh vafdr ugha gS] tcfd vfHk;kstu dgkuh ds vuqlkj e`rdk dh iwjh Ropk xyh gksdj mlds cky vyx gks x, FksA 24. gLrxr izdj.k esa vfHk;kstu dgkuh vuqlkj vihykFkhZ&vfHk;qDr xkSjo Nhik ls e`rdk dh pIiy@lSafMy cjken gksuk ,oa yk'k ds ikl ls vihykFkhZ&vfHk;qDr furka'k dk foftfVax dkMZ cjken gksuk crk;k x;k gS] fdUrq bl lanHkZ esa xokg ih-M-&1 jktsUnz dqekj lSu us vius c;kuksa esa ftl fnu yk'k cjken gqbZ] ml le; ogka ij] pIiy@lSafMy dh tksM+h iM+s gksuk dFku fd;k gS ,oa xokg ih-M-&14 jkts'k ftlus loZizFke ?kVukLFky ij tkdj QksVks [khaps Fks] mlus vius c;kuksa esa ?kVukLFky ij dksbZ foftfVax dkMZ iM+s gq, ugha ns[kuk dFku fd;k gS] ftlls gLrxr izdj.k esa mDr QnkZr~ dk;Zokgh ls Hkh vfHk;kstu dgkuh dh dMh+c) J`a[kyk ugha cu ikbZ gSA [2026:RJ-JP:10337-DB] (11 of 15) [CRLAD-455/2019] 25. gLrxr izdj.k esa tgka rd xokg ih-M-&1 jktsUnz dqekj lSu ds ikl fnukad 03&12&2012 dks fQjkSrh ekaxus gsrq Qksu vkus ckcr~ vfHk;kstu dgkuh dk lanHkZ gS rks mDr dgkuh Hkh fo'oluh; gksuk izdV ugha gksrh gS] D;ksafd fnukad 04&12&2012 dks mlds }kjk izLrqr fjiksVZ izn'kZ ih&1 esa mlus mDr ckr mlesa vafdr ugha dh gS] gekjh fouez jk; esa ;fn okLro esa mlls Qksu ij dksbZ fQjkSrh dh ekax dh xbZ gksrh rks fuf'pr rkSj ij mlds }kjk mDr rF; izFke lwpuk fjiksVZ] tks fd mlus fQjkSrh dh ekax ds vxys fnu ntZ djkbZ xbZ gS] mlesa vo'; vafdr djok;k x;k gksrk] bl lanHkZ esa ;g Hkh mYys[kuh; gS fd vuqla/kku ds nkSjku xokg ih-M-&1 jktsUnz dqekj lSu dk Qksu] ftl ij fQjkSrh ckcr Qksu vk;k Fkk] mls tCr ugha fd;k x;k gS ,oa tks Qksu vihykFkhZ&vfHk;qDr furka'k lSu ls tfj, QnZ izn'kZ ih&35 tCr djuk crk;k x;k gS] mls xokg ih-M-&17 izseizdk'k /kksch us Lo;a Fkkus ij tkdj nsuk dFku fd;k gSA 26. gLrxr izdj.k esa tgka rd xokg ih-M&3 uojRu ,oa xokg ih-M-&22 yksds'k 'kekZ] ftuds }kjk ?kVuk ds fnu e`rdk dks vihykFkhZx.k&vfHk;qDrx.k ds lkFk ns[kuk crk;k x;k gS] dh lk{; dk lanHkZ gS rks izFke rks mDr nksuksa xokgku ds c;ku ?kVuk fnukad 28&11&2012 ds dkQh fnu ckn ys[kc) fd, x, gSa] tcfd xokg ih-M-&3 uojRu us viuh izfrijh{kk esa ;g Lohdkj fd;k gS fd og fnukad 28&11&2012 ls fnukad 07&12&2012 rd vf/kdrj t;iqj esa jgk Fkk] i=koyh ij muds c;ku foyac ls fjdkWMZ fd, tkus dk dksbZ ;Fkksfpr dkj.k Hkh i=koyh ij izLrqr ugha gqvk gSA 27. ekuuh; mPPkre U;k;ky; }kjk vius U;kf;d n`"Vkar x.ks'k Hkkou iVsy oxSjg cuke LVsV vkWQ egkjk"Vª ¼1979 ,-vkbZ-vkj- 135½ esa bl lanHkZ esa ;g vfHkfu/kkZfjr fd;k gS fd%& "In the instant case, some of the main reasons given by the trial court could not be effectively and rationally dispelled. One of such reasons, which cast a cloud on the credibility of the prosecution evidence, was that there was [2026:RJ-JP:10337-DB] (12 of 15) [CRLAD-455/2019] inordinate delay of several hours on the part of the police in recording the statement which was treated as F.I.R. and further undue delay in recording the statements of the alleged eye- witnesses by the investigating officer, and no credible explanation of these delays was forthcoming. Although these witnesses were or could be available for examination when the investigating officer visited the scene of occurrence or soon thereafter, their statements were recorded on the following day. Such delay may not, by themselves, amount to a serious infirmity in the prosecution case. But they may assume such a character if there are circumstances to suggest that the investigator was deliberately marking time with a view to decide about the shape to be given to the case and the eye-witnesses to be introduced. A catena of circumstances which lend such sinister significance to these delays, exists in the instant case, which inevitably lead to the conclusion that the prosecution story was conceived and constructed after a good deal of deliberation, in a shady setting highly redolent of doubt and suspicion." 28. U;kf;d n`"Vkar Arjun Marik v. State of Bihar, 1994 Supp (2) SCC 372 ds iSjk la[;k 31 esa ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; us ;g Hkh vfHkfu/kkZfjr fd;k x;k gS fd%& "31. Thus the evidence that the Appellant had gone to Sitaram in the evening of 19-7-1985 and had stayed in the night at the house of deceased Sitaram is very shaky and inconclusive. Even if it is accepted that they were there it would at best amount to be the evidence of the appellants having been seen last together with the deceased. But it is settled law that the only circumstance of last seen will not complete the chain of circumstances to record the finding that [2026:RJ-JP:10337-DB] (13 of 15) [CRLAD-455/2019] it is consistent only with the hypothesis of the guilt of the accused and, therefore, no conviction on that basis alone can be founded." 29. gLrxr izdj.k esa xokg ih-M-&3 uojRu frokM+h ds dFku blfy, Hkh fo'oluh; izrhr ugha gksrs gSa] D;ksafd mlus viuh izfrijh{kk esa mldh nqdku ls irklh dh nqdku vk/kk fdyksehVj nwj gksuk dFku fd;k gS] gekjh fouez jk; esa lkekU;r% dksbZ O;fDr vk/kk fdyksehVj ek= irklh [kkus ugha tkrk gS] izdj.k esa ;g Hkh mYys[kuh; gS fd ftl irklh okys dh nqdku ij mlus e`rdk o eqyfteku dks irklh [kkrs ns[kk Fkk] mls Hkh vfHk;kstu i{k dh vksj ls mlds dFku ds leFkZu esa U;k;ky; esa izLrqr dj ijhf{kr ugha djok;k x;k gS] ;|fi mDr xokg ls fnukad 10&12&2012 dks tsy esa eqyfteku dh dk;Zokgh f'kuk[rxh dk;Zokgh djokbZ xbZ gS] fdUrq mDr xokg us viuh izfrijh{kk esa ;g Lohdkj fd;k gS fd og fnukad 04&12&2012 ls 15&12&2012 ds e/; dbZ ckj iqfyl LVs'ku x;k Fkk ,oa vuqla/kku vf/kdkjh xokg ih-M-&20 jkepUnz ,oa xokg ih-M-&21 vtqZu yky us viuh&viuh izfrijh{kk esa vfHk;qDrx.k dks fxj¶rkjh ls iwoZ ckinkZ ugha j[kuk Lohdkj fd;k gS] ftlls xokg ls djokbZ xbZ mDr f'kuk[rxh dk;Zokgh dh fo'oluh;rk Hkh gLrxr izdj.k esa ;qfDr;qDr lansg ls ijs fl) ugha gks ikbZ gSA 30. gLrxr izdj.k esa tgka rd xokg ih-M-&22 yksds'k 'kekZ ds dFkuksa dk lanHkZ gS rks izFke rks mlds c;ku Hkh ?kVuk ds dkQh fnu ckn ys[kc) fd, x, gSa ,oa c;ku foyEc ls fjdkWMZ djus dk dksbZ ;Fkksfpr dkj.k Hkh i=koyh ij izLrqr ugha gqvk gS] lkFk gh mDr xokg us Hkh viuh izfrijh{kk esa mls eqyfteku dks Fkkus ij fn[kkuk Lohdkj fd;k gSA 31. ifjfLFkfrtU; lk{; ds ekeyksa esa vfHk;kstu i{k dk ;g iqfur nkf;Ro gksrk gS fd og izdj.k esa vfHk;qDrx.k dks vkjksfir vijk/k ls tksMus ds fy, mldh izR;sd dM+h dks lansg ls ijs fl) djs ,oa mDr lHkh dfM+;ksa dh J`a[kyk izcy] l?ku] iw.kZ o vfojke gks] ,oa [2026:RJ-JP:10337-DB] (14 of 15) [CRLAD-455/2019] mulss ek= ;g fu"d"kZ fudys fd ekuo laHkkO;rkvksa dh lHkh n'kkvksa esa] vijk/k dsoy vkSj dsoy vfHk;qDrx.k }kjk dkfjr fd;k x;k gS] vU; fdlh }kjk ugha] ijUrq gLrxr izdj.k esa] i=koyh ij tks lk{;@lkexzh vfHk;kstu i{k dh vksj ls izLrqr dh xbZ gS] mlesa vfHk;kstu i{k }kjk izLrqr leLr dfM;ka VwVh gqbZ] fc[kjh gqbZ o vleku gSa] tks gekjh fouez jk; esa vihykFkhZx.k&vfHk;qDrx.k dks vkjksfir vijk/k ls iw.kZ:i ls ugha tksMrh gSA 32. vr% i=koyh ij miyC/k lk{; o mHk;i{kksa ds rdksZa ij euu ds i'pkr~ ge bl fu"d"kZ ij igqaprs gSa fd gLrxr izdj.k esa vfHk;kstu i{k fopkj.kh; fcanq dks ;qfDr;qDr lansg ls ijs fl) djus esa vlQy jgk gS ftlls mDr fu.kZ; fLFkj j[ks tkus ;ksX; ugha gSA vr% vihy] vihykFkhZx.k&vfHk;qDrx.k xkSjo Nhik o furka'k lSu Lohdkj dh tkdj fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; vij ls'ku U;k;k/kh'k Øe&5 t;iqj egkuxj }kjk ls'ku izdj.k la[;k 02@2013¼03@2014½] muokuh izdj.k jktLFkku jkT; cuke furka'k lSu o vU; esa ikfjr fu.kZ; ,oa n.Mkns'k fnukad 05&11&2019 dks jn~n ,oa vikLr fd;k tkrk gSA vihykFkhZx.k&vfHk;qDrx.k xkSjo Nhik o furka'k lSu dks vkjksfir vijk/kksa ls nks"keqDr¼cjh½ fd;k tkrk gS ,oa tsy v/kh{kd dsUnzh; dkjkx`g] t;iqj dks bl vk'k; dh rgjhj tkjh dh tkos fd ;fn os vU; fdlh izdj.k esa okafNr uk gksa rks mUgsa gLrxr izdj.k esa fjgk fd;k tkosA 33. vihykFkhZx.k&vfHk;qDrx.k xkSjo Nhik o furka'k lSu dks funsZf'kr fd;k tkrk gS fd çR;sd vihykFkhZ&vfHk;qDr ipkl gtkj :i;s dk Lo;a dk cU/k&i= rFkk blh jkf'k dh ,d lq–< çfrHkwfr] /kkjk 437&d n-ç-la-@481 ch,u,l,l ds vuqlkj] nks"keqDr gksus ds vkns'k dh fnukad ls nks lIrkg ds Hkhrj jftLVªkj ¼U;kf;d½ jktLFkku mPp U;k;ky; ihB t;iqj ds le{k bl vk'k; dh is'k djsa fd bl fu.kZ; ds fo:) fo'ks"k vuqefr ;kfpdk nk;j djus dh fLFkfr esa ;k vuqefr çnku fd;s tkus dh fLFkfr esa] vihykFkhZx.k&vfHk;qDrx.k xkSjo Nhik o furka'k lSu dks uksfVl dh rkfey gksus ds i'pkr~ os ekuuh; [2026:RJ-JP:10337-DB] (15 of 15) [CRLAD-455/2019] mPpre U;k;ky; ds le{k mifLFkr gksaxsA mijksä ca/k i= N% ekg ds fy, çHkkoh jgsxkA 34. bl fu.kZ; dh ,d çfr fopkj.k U;k;ky; dh i=koyh ds lkFk fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; dks fHktokbZ tkosA (BHUWAN GOYAL),J (MAHENDAR KUMAR GOYAL),J RAHUL KUMAR KHANDELWAL /61-62