Page No.# 1/7 GAHC010067052026 2026:GAU-AS:5571 THE GAUHATI HIGH COURT (HIGH COURT OF ASSAM, NAGALAND, MIZORAM AND ARUNACHAL PRADESH) Case No. : Bail Appln./932/2026 AZIZUL RAHMAN ALIAS AJIJUR HOQUE AND ANR S/O LATE KORBAN ALI 2: RUMISA KHATUN @ ROMISA KHATUN W/O AZIZUL RAHMAN BOTH ARE PERMANENT RESIDENT OF VILL- CHILARBHITA AND PRESENTLY RESIDING OF VILL- TARANGAPUR P.O. TULSIBARI P.S. LAKHIPUR DIST. GOALPARA ASSAM VERSUS THE STATE OF ASSAM REPRESENTED BY THE PP, ASSAM Advocate for the Petitioner : MR. A M KHAN, MS J YESMIN,MR S PRODHANI,MR Z RAHMAN Advocate for the Respondent : PP, ASSAM, Page No.# 2/7 BEFORE HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE ANJAN MONI KALITA ORDER Date : 23-04-2026 Heard Mr. A. M. Khan, learned counsel appearing for the accused applicants and Mr. B. Sarma, learned Additional Public Prosecutor for the State. 2. This is an application under Section 483 BNSS, 2023, filed by the accused applicants, namely, (i) Azizul Rahman and (ii) Rumisa Khatun, praying for grant of bail in connection with Special (NDPS) Case No. 02/2026, under Section 123 of the BNS, 2023 read with Sections 21(A)/20(b)/22(C)/29 of the NDPS Act, 1985 arising out of Lakhipur P.S. Case No. 80/2025 under Section 123 of the BNS, 2023 read with Sections 21(A)/20(b)/22(c)/25/29 of the NDPS Act, 1985 (Corresponding to G.R. Case No. 466/2025), pending in the Court of learned Special Judge (NDPS), Goalpara. 3. The gist of the allegation as narrated in the FIR lodged on 13.06.2025 by one SI(P), namely, Dawseng Taifa of Lakhipur P.S. before the Officer-in-Charge of Lakhipur Police Station alleging inter alia that on the basis of secret information, the police team proceeded to the place of occurrence and searched the house of the accused applicant, namely Azizul Rahman @ Ajijur Hoque and one Rumisa Khatun, the wife of the said Azizul Rahman as well as one Jahangir Alom. From the house of the aforesaid persons, the police recovered and seized 420 nos. of SEMPlX+ capsules from the house of the Jahangir Alom and 10,800 of SEMPLX+ capsules, 21 vials OF suspected heroin (net 1.84 gms) and 2.039 kgs of ganjas were also seized from the house of Azizul Rahman. On receipt of the FIR, Lakhipur P.S. Case No. 80/2025 under the aforementioned sections was registered against the accused applicants. Page No.# 3/7 4. During the investigation, the accused applicant no. 1 implicated involvement of the another person namely, Abu Basit Sikder and thereafter, the accused applicants were arrested on 13.07.2025 and the aforesaid Abu Basit Sikder was arrested on 24.07.2025. Since then the accused applicants are behind the bars. 5. The accused applicants had approached before this Court on earlier occasion by filing Bail Appln./4060/2025, which was rejected by this Court. 6. Mr. Khan, learned counsel for the accused applicants submits that on earlier occasion the accused applicants have not taken the ground of violation of Section 36 of the BNSS, 2023. He submits that while arresting the accused applicants, the Arresting Authority though has issued Arrest Memo but the same is not in compliance of Section 36 of the BNSS, 2023. He submits that as per the mandates of Section 36 of the BNSS, no signature of any witness who is the member of the family of the person arrested or a respectable member of the locality where the arrest was made, was taken on the Arrest Memo. He submits that in view of the aforesaid violation, the arrest of the accused applicants being illegal, the accused applicants should be released on bail on that ground only. 7. Mr. Sarma, learned Additional Public Prosecutor, on the other hand, relying on the Case Diary, submits that although the signatures of any witnesses were not obtained during the preparation of the Arrest Memo, the contraband materials were seized solely from their possession. He further submits that since they have committed an offence under the NDPS Act and the quantity recovered is of commercial quantity, they should not be granted bail at this stage due to the rigours of Section 37 of the NDPS Act, and therefore, he opposes the bail application. Page No.# 4/7 8. This Court has perused the Case Diary and seen that no signatures of any independent witnesses or family members or respected persons of the locality are present in either of the Arrest Memos prepared by the Arresting Authority while arresting the accused applicants. 9. The fundamental rights are paramount under the Constitution of India. Article 21 provides that no person shall be deprived of his life or personal liberty except according to procedure established by law. Personal liberty, thus, is a sacred and cherished right under the Constitution. Article 22 of the Constitution of India further strengthens the protection of personal liberty of a person by providing that the person arrested must be informed of the grounds of his arrest at the earliest and should not be detained without informing him of such grounds. 10. It is not in dispute that in the case of NDPS Act also, the provisions of arrest of a person as laid down in the BNSS, 2023 have to be complied with. 11. In this connection, Section 36 and Section 62 of the BNSS being relevant are quoted herein below:- "36. Procedure of arrest and duties of officer making arrest Every police officer while making an arrest shall- (a) Bear and accurate, visible and clear identification of his name which will facilitate easy identification; (b) Prepare a Memorandum of Arrest which shall be- (i) Attested by at least one witness, who is a member of the family of the arrested person or a respectable member of the locality where the arrest is made; (ii) Counter signed by the person arrested; and Page No.# 5/7 (c) Inform the person arrested, unless the Memorandum is attested by a member of his family, that he has a right to have a relative or a friend or any other person named by him to be informed of his arrest." "62. Arrest to be made strictly accordingly to Sanhita-no arrest shall be made except in accordance with the provisions of this Sanhita or any other law for a time being in force providing for arrest." 12. A conjoint reading of the aforesaid two Sections, makes it clear that a Memorandum of Arrest is a written document that serves as confirmation that the individual in question was arrested. In addition to meeting the essential requirements, it must provide particulars that are specific. A minimum of one witness is required to vouch for its authenticity. For the best possible outcome, this witness ought to be a member of the accused person's family and in the event that a family member is unavailable, a respectable individual of the locality in which the arrest is made may be called upon to testify as witness. In the second step, of course, the arrested person is required to counter sign the Arrest Memo himself. 13. What is discernible from the aforesaid two sections is that there is mandate provided by the aforesaid section of 36 that the Arrest Memo has to be signed by a witness; either he is a member of the family of the arrested-person or a respectable member where the arrest is made. Section 62 provides that no arrest shall be made except in accordance with the provisions of BNSS or any other law for the time being in force providing for arrest. Therefore, any arrest that has to be made is mandatorily has to comply with the provisions and procedure of arrest while making such arrest. Non compliance of such provisions will be in violation of the mandatory provisions which will in turn make such Page No.# 6/7 arrest illegal. Once an arrest becomes illegal, the arrested person shall have an unfettered right to be set at liberty i.e., to be released on bail. 14. Though Section 37 of the NDPS Act provides for certain conditions to be fulfilled before granting bail of an arrested person in case of seizure of commercial quantity, the same will be applicable only when the arrest is itself not illegal. However, if any arrest is made in violation of the mandatory provisions as laid down in the BNSS, 2023, then the same goes to the root of the matter and the initial arrest itself becomes illegal. 15. In the instant case in hand, it is seen that the Arrest Memos do not contain any signature or attestation of any person, neither of a member of the family of the arrested person or of any respectable member of the locality wherein the arrest was made. This clearly violates the mandates of Section 36 read with Section 62 of the BNSS, 2023. 16. In view of the aforesaid, this Court is of the considered opinion that the rigours of Section 37 of the NDPS Act shall not be applicable in a case wherein the initial arrest itself is rendered illegal due to violation of Section 36 of the BNSS, 2023. 17. In view of the ratio laid down by the Hon'ble Apex Court in the case of D. K. Basu, Ashok K Johri V. State of West Bengal, reported in AIR 1997 SC 610 as well as the procedural mandates laid down under Section 36 of the BNSS, 2023, this Court is of the considered opinion that there is a violation of Section 36 of the BNSS, 2023 in the instant case while arresting the accused applicants whereby curtailing their fundamental rights guaranteed under Article 21 and 22 of the Constitution of India. 18. 18. In view of the aforesaid discussions and findings, this Court directs that the Page No.# 7/7 accused applicants to be released forthwith on bail on furnishing of bail bond of Rs.50,000/-(Rupees Fifty thousand) each with one surety of like nature to the satisfaction of the learned Special Judge (NDPS), Goalpara, subject to the following conditions:- (i) that the accused applicants shall appear before the Trial Court as and when required; (ii) that the accused applicants shall not directly or indirectly make any inducement, threat or promise to any person who may be acquainted with the facts of the case, so as to dissuade such person from disclosing such facts before the Investigating Authority; (iii) that the accused applicants shall provide their contact details including photocopies of their Aadhar Cards or Driving Licenses or PAN cards as well as mobile numbers and other contact details before the learned Special Judge (NDPS), Goalpara; and (iv) that the accused applicants shall not commit any offence while on bail. 19. In view of the aforesaid directions, this bail application stands disposed of, as allowed. JUDGE Comparing Assistant