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2026 DAILYLAW 19913 (HP)

GOPAL SINGH AND ANOTHER v. Land Acquistion Collector AND OTHERS

CMPMO/338/2026 · 2026-08-21

Virender Singh

body2026

Judgment text

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2026:HHC:35762 IN THE HIGH COURT OF HIMACHAL PRADESH, SHIMLA CMPMO No.  : 318 of 2026 a/w CMPMOs No. 336 to 339 of 2026 Decided on    : 21.08.2026 (1) CMPMO No. 318 of 2026 Tek Chand & Ors. …Petitioners Versus LAC, HPPWD Mandi & Ors. …Respondents (2) CMPMO No. 336 of 2026 Shyam Lal & Anr. …Petitioners Versus LAC, HPPWD Mandi & Ors. …Respondents (3) CMPMO No. 337 of 2026 Salig Ram & Ors. …Petitioners Versus LAC, HPPWD Mandi & Ors. …Respondents (4) CMPMO No. 338 of 2026 Gopal Singh & Anr. …Petitioners Versus LAC, HPPWD Mandi & Ors. …Respondents (5) CMPMO No. 339 of 2026 Bhag Singh & Ors. …Petitioners Versus LAC HPPWD Mandi & Ors. …Respondents 2 2026:HHC:35762 Coram The Hon’ble Mr. Justice Virender Singh, Judge. Whether approved for reporting?1 For the petitioners : Mr.   Vinay   Kuthiala,   Senior Advocate, with Ms. Vandana Kuthiala, Advocate. For the respondents : Mr.   Mohinder   Zharaick,   Mr. H.S. Rawat, Additional A.Gs., with Mr. Rohit Sharma, Ms. Ranjna Patial, Deputy A.Gs. Virender Singh, Judge (Oral) The   above   titled   five   petitions,   are   being disposed of by a common order. 2. CMPMO No. 318 of 2026, has been filed under Article 227 of the Constitution of India, against the order dated   13.05.2026,   passed   by  the   Court  of  learned   ADJ Sundernagar, District Mandi, H.P. (hereinafter referred to as ‘the Reference Court’), in CMA No. 65/2026 in Reference No. 33 of 2023, titled as “Tek Chand & Ors. Versus LAC, HPPWD & Ors.”. 3. CMPMO No. 336 of 2026, has been filed under Article 227 of the Constitution of India, against the order dated 13.05.2026, passed by the learned Reference Court’), in CMA No. 64/2026 in Reference No. 13 of 2023, titled as “Shyam Lal & Ors. Versus LAC, HPPWD & Ors.”. 1 Whether Reporters of local papers may be allowed to see the judgment? Yes. 3 2026:HHC:35762 4. CMPMO No. 337 of 2026, has been filed under Article 227 of the Constitution of India, against the order dated 13.05.2026, passed by the learned Reference Court’), in CMA No. 63/2026 in Reference No. 40 of 2023, titled as “Saligram & Ors. Versus LAC, HPPWD & Ors.”. 5. CMPMO No. 338 of 2026, has been filed under Article 227 of the Constitution of India, against the order dated 13.05.2026, passed by the learned Reference Court’), in CMA No. 62/2026 in Reference No. 08 of 2023, titled as “Gopal Singh & Ors. Versus LAC, HPPWD & Ors.”. 6. CMPMO No. 339 of 2026, has been filed under Article 227 of the Constitution of India, against the order dated 13.05.2026, passed by the learned Reference Court’), in CMA No. 66/2026 in Reference No. 3 of 2023, titled as “Bhag Singh & Ors. Versus LAC, HPPWD & Ors.”. 7. By way of order dated 13.05.2026, the learned Reference   Court   has   dismissed   the   applications   of   the petitioners, filed under Order 6 Rule 17 of CPC. 8. For the sake of convenience, the parties to the present  lis,  are,   hereinafter   referred   to,   in   the   same manner,   as   were,   referred   to,   by   the   learned   Reference Court. 4 2026:HHC:35762 9. Brief facts, leading to the filing of the present petition, before this Court, as borne out from the record, may be summed up, as under:­ 9.1 Necessary facts, for adjudication of the above titled petitions are being borrowed from CMPMO No. 318 of 2026, titled as “Tek Chand & Ors. Versus LAC, HPPWD Mandi, & Ors.”, by treating the said case as the lead case. 9.2 The applicants have filed the abovementioned reference petitions, for enhancement of the compensation, as awarded by the learned Collector. The said references were   pending   adjudication   before   the   learned   Reference Court. 9.3 Vide   award   No.   19/2022,   passed   under   the provisions of Section 23 of The Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013 (hereinafter referred to as “the New Land   Acquisition   Act”),   the   land   for   the   purpose   of construction   of   Slappar­Tattapani   Road,   has   been acquired. 9.4 During the pendency of the award before the learned   Reference   Court,   the   applicants   have   filed   the applications   for   seeking   the   indulgence   of   the   learned 5 2026:HHC:35762 Reference Court to permit them to incorporate sub para ‘F’ in the reference petition. The said para is reproduced, as under:­ “That it is submitted that Tattapani­Chalawg­Dogri­Karla single   lane   road   was   constructed   by   the   respondent Department during the year 2001­02 and the same was also functional for plying the vehicles and HRTC buses since   then. It   is   further   submitted   that   the   above acquisition proceeding were notified and carried out for widening/construction of the Tatapani­Slapar Road which included the existing Tattapnai­Chalogi­Dogri­Karla single land   road. It   is   pertinent   to   mention   here   that   the possession of the land under the above pre existing road in   Mohal   Boi   was   already   with   the   respondent Department   since   2001­02,   therefore,   the   petitioners/ landowners are entitled to paid the use and occupation charges/damages qua the area equals to half portion of the acquired land of the respective landowners already utilized by the respondent Department for construction of Tattapani­Chalogi­Dogri­Karla   single   land   road   since 2001­02.” 10. The   said   application   has   been   filed   on   the ground that Tattapani­Chalogi­Dogri­Karla single lane road was   constructed   by   the   respondent   Department,   in   the year 2001­02, and the same is operational for the vehicles. Thereafter, the acquisition proceedings were notified and carried   out   for   widening/construction   of   the   Tattapani­ Slappar   Road,   which   included   the   existing   Tattapani­ Chalogi­Dogri­Karla single lane road. The possession of the   land   under   the   existing   road   was   already   with   the respondent Department, since 2001­02, for which, they are liable to pay use and occupation charges, since 2001­02. 6 2026:HHC:35762 11. The case is stated to be at the stage of evidence and respondents have led their evidence and during cross examination of the respondents witnesses, when they were confornted   with   the   existence   of   the   Tattapani­Chalogi­ Dogri­Karla Road, prior to the acquisition of the land for Tattapani­Slappar Road, they have admitted the same, but have shown their unawareness about the date and year of operation/functioning of the road. Since, the petitioners were under the bonafide belief that the present acquisition is   pertaining   to  the   additional  land   for   widening   of  the existing road, whereas, it has been found that the land is yet to be acquired. As such, a prayer has been made to allow the application. 12. This   application   has   been   contested,   on   the ground, that the same is not maintainable; the applicants have   not   given   sufficient   reason   for   seeking   the amendment;   the   trial   has   commenced   and   petitioner/ applicant has closed their evidence and case is stated to be fixed for respondent’s evidence. All these facts, have been pleaded to demonstrate that present amendment, at this stage, is not maintainable. 7 2026:HHC:35762 12.1 On merits, factual position, as mentioned in the application, has been controverted. 13. Petitioners/applicants   filed   rejoinder,   denying the   preliminary   objections,   as   well   as,   the   contents,   by virtue of which, the application has been contested. 14. The learned Reference Court, vide order dated 13.05.2026, has dismissed the application, mainly on the ground   that   applicants   are   not   seriously   pursuing   the matter and the amendment would result into the de novo trial, as after availing 8­9 opportunities, petitioner/applicants have closed their evidence. 15. These findings have been assailed before this Court. 16. Heard. 17. Admittedly, the present proceedings are under the New Land Acquisition Act. Provisions of Section 69 of the New Land Acquisition Act, are reproduced, as under:­ “69. Determination of award by Authority. ­  (1) In determining the amount of compensation to be awarded for   land   acquired   including   the   Rehabilitation   and Resettlement entitlements, the Authority shall take into consideration   whether   the   Collector   has   followed   the parameters set out under Section 26 to Section 30 and the provisions under Chapter V of this Act. (2) In addition to the market value of the land, as above provided,   the   Authority   shall   in   every   case   award   an amount   calculated   at   the   rate   of   twelve   per   cent   per annum on such market value for the period commencing 8 2026:HHC:35762 on and from the date of the publication of the preliminary notification under Section 11 in respect of such land to the date of the award of the Collector or the date of taking possession of the land, whichever is earlier. Explanation. ­ In computing the period referred to in this sub­section,   any   period   or   periods   during   which   the proceedings for the acquisition of the land were held up on account of any stay or injunction by the order of any Court shall be excluded. (3) In addition to the market value of the land as above provided,   the   Authority   shall   in   every   case   award   a solatium   of   one   hundred   per   cent. Over   the   total compensation amount.” 18. Undoubtedly,   the   proceedings,   before   the learned Reference Court, are under Section 69 of the New Land Acquisition Act, and the powers of the authority has been provided under the proviso to Section 60 of the Act, which is reproduced, as under:­ “60. Powers of Authority and procedure before it. ­ (1) The Authority shall, for the purpose of its functions under this Act, shall have the same powers as are vested in a civil court under the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (5 of 1908) in respect of the following matters, namely:­ (a) summoning and enforcing the attendance of any person and examining him on oath; (b) discovery and production of any document or other material object producible as evidence; (c) receiving evidence on affidavits; (d) requisitioning of any public record; (e) issuing   commission   for   the   examination   of witnesses; (f) reviewing its decisions, directions and orders; (g) any other matter which may be prescribed. (2) the   Authority   shall   have   original   jurisdiction   to adjudicate upon every reference made to it under section 64. (3) The Authority shall not be bound by the procedure laid down in the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (5 of 1908) but shall be guided by the principles of natural justice and subject to the other provisions of this Act and of any rules   made   thereunder,   the   Authority   shall   have   the power to regulate its owner procedure. 9 2026:HHC:35762 (4) The Authority shall, after receiving reference under section 64 and after giving notice of such reference to all the parties concerned and after affording opportunity of hearing to all parties, dispose of such reference within a period   of   six   months   from   the   date   of   receipt   of  such reference and make an award accordingly. (5) The Authority shall arrange to deliver copies of the award to the parties concerned within a period of fifteen days from the date of such award.” 19. In   the   present   case,   the   learned   Reference Court,   has   dismissed   the   applications,   mainly,   on   the ground, that the applicants are negligent in pursuing their matter and they are not taking the proceedings seriously, whereas, the stand of the petitioners is based upon the fact that they were not aware about the fact, whether the land for construction of Tattapni­Chalogi­Dogri­Karla single lane road, was acquired or not. 20. The   amendment   of   the   Reference   Petition   is permitted,   as   held   by   the   Hon’ble   Supreme   Court   in “Ghaziabad Development Authority Versus Anoop Singh & Anr., (2003) 2 Supreme Court Cases 484”. Relevant para 7, of the judgment, is reproduced, as under:­ “7. As in the above case, in the instant case too, the award was passed by the Land Acquisition Officer and the   Reference   Court   earlier   to   the   effective   date   of substitution of Section 25. Hence, the limitation on the power of the court to award compensation as enjoined by the pre­amended section would be attracted. However, there is a formidable impediment for the appellant to take shelter under the pre­existing Section 25. On a petition filed  by  the  claimant,  the  application  dated   11­7­1967 wherein compensation was claimed at Rs. 20 per square 10 2026:HHC:35762 yard  was allowed  to  be amended  by  an   order   of  the Reference Court passed in the year 1983. It is to be noted that by virtue of Section 53 of the Land Acquisition Act, the provisions of the Code of Civil Procedure shall apply to all   proceedings   before   the   court   unless   they   are inconsistent with anything contained in the Act. In the light of this provision, the High Court rightly held that there is no bar under the Land Acquisition Act to file a petition for amendment of the claim application in regard to the quantum of compensation claimed as there is no provision in the Land Acquisition Act which is inconsistent with   the   power   to   allow   amendment. The   effect   of allowing the amendment is to substitute the figure of Rs. 20   by   Rs. 100   per   square   yard. When   once   this amendment is recognized and taken note of, it is obvious that   the   bar   under   Section   25   does   not   get   attracted. Whether this amendment could have been permitted in the face of the unamended Section 25 has not been put in issue before the High Court in specific terms. Even in the SLP we found, in vain, any ground questioning the order allowing the amendment. No doubt, a party has right to challenge a non­appealable order in an appeal against the decree as, laid down in Rule 1­A of Order 43. But, the fact remains that the legality or propriety of the order permitting amendment was neither specifically challenged before the High Court nor a specific ground taken that it was contrary to Section 25. At this stage, the appellant cannot be permitted to assail the correctness of the order permitting amendment. If that be so, the first contention based on the pre­existing Section 25 has to be necessarily rejected.” 21. The Reference Court, in the present case, has dismissed the application mainly on two counts; firstly that the application is not maintainable and the same is barred by the provisions of Order 6 Rule 17 CPC. 22. Considering the fact that the reference petition can be amended in view of the decision of Hon’ble Supreme Court, as referred to above, the findings of the learned Reference Court to that extent are liable to be interfered 11 2026:HHC:35762 with,   as   the   learned   Reference   Court,   has   not   properly exercised the jurisdiction vested in it and adopted a hyper technical approach. 23. So far as the second ground, upon which,  the application is rejected is the proviso to Order 6 Rule 17 CPC. When sub­section 3 of Section 60 of the New Land Acquisition Act, categorically gives the power to the trial Court to decide the same, being guided by the principle of natural justice, then, the opportunity to amend, ought to have been afforded to the petitioners, as the matter should be decided by the Court, after giving the opportunity to plead all the necessary facts. Every litigant ought to be afforded the opportunity to decide the issue involved on merits,   by   incorporating   all   the   necessary   facts,   in   the pleadings and the same should not be scuttled on mere technicalities,   unless   technicalities   are   so   predominant that they overshadow the merits of the case. 24. Moreover,   the   procedural   laws   are   meant   for advancement of justice and not to scuttle the rights of the parties to get the decision on merits, after incorporating all the necessary facts, in their pleadings. 12 2026:HHC:35762 25. The learned Reference Court has not given the reason, as to how the petitioners are not serious about their case, much reliance has been placed by the learned Reference Court on Order 6 Rule 17 CPC, whereas the strict   principles   of   CPC   are   not   applicable   in   view   of Section 60 of sub­section (3) of the New Land Acquisition Act,   to   these   proceedings,   before   the   learned   Reference Court. 26. Considering   the   above   facts,   the   learned Reference   Court,   has   failed   to   exercise   the   jurisdiction vested in it, in its right perspective. Consequently, the petitions are allowed and the applications for amendment are ordered to be allowed. 27. Parties to the lis, are directed to appear before the learned Reference Court on 01.09.2026, at 10:00 am. 28. The   respondents   shall   file   the   reply   to   the amended   reference   petitions   and   thereafter,   learned Reference   Court   is   required   to   proceed   further,   in accordance with law. 29. Pending application(s), if any, shall also stand(s) disposed of. 13 2026:HHC:35762 30. Copy of the judgment, be placed on record, in the connected appeals. (Virender Singh) 21st August, 2026 Judge (Pramod Kumar)