[2026:RJ-JP:5479] HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE FOR RAJASTHAN BENCH AT JAIPUR (1) S.B. Civil Miscellaneous Appeal No. 228/2017 1. lhek iRuh Lo- Jh jktho mQZ jkts'k] mez 24 o"kZ ¼iRuh½ 2. /kesZUnz iq= Lo- Jh jktho mQZ jkts'k] mez 2 o"kZ ¼iq=½ 3. ;ksxs'k iq= Lo- Jh jktho mQZ jkts'k] mez 1 o"kZ ¼iq=½ 4. ekuflag iq= Jh txyhjke] mez 50 o"kZ ¼firk½ 5. pUnzh nsoh iRuh Jh ekuflag] mez 44 o"kZ ¼ekrk½ ¼izkFkhZ la[;k&2 o 3 ukckfyx tfj;s izkÑfrd lajf{kdk ekrk Jherh lhek iRuh Lo- Jh jktho mQZ jkts'k½ leLr fuoklh;ku&xzke /kkuksrk] lsoj] Hkjriqj] gky fuoklh&eqds'k QS'ku] tukuk vLirky ds ikl] t;iqj ,oa vU; irk&,l&4] uk;yk gkml ds lkeus] eksrh Mwaxjh] t;iqjA ------izkFkhZx.k@vihykFkhZ cuke 1. j?kqohj iq= Jh Jhyky] fuoklh&VksMwiqjk] rglhy fg.MkSu] ftyk djkSyh ,oa vU; irk&1&ch&38] gkmflax cksMZ dkWyksuh] vkdjk HkV~Vk] vkcwjksM] ftyk fljksgh ¼oDr pkyd MEij ua- vkj-ts&24&th-,&0970½ 2. ,p-th- bUÝk bathfu;fjax izkbZosV fy- 1&ch&38] gkmflax cksMZ dkWyksuh] vkdjk HkV~Vk] vkcwjksM] ftyk fljksgh ¼jkt-½A vU; irk&14] iapoVh dkWyksuh] tks/kiqj] tfj;s ekfyd izksijkbZVj@Mk;jsDVj gfjUnz flag iq= gksny flag pkS/kjh ¼okgu ekfyd ,oa chek/kkjd MEij ua- vkj-ts&24&th-,&0970½ 3. f'ko izlkn eh.kk iq= Jh fo'kuLo:i eh.kk] fuoklh&ch&11] f'ko 'kfDr uxj] txriqjk] t;iqj ,oa vU; irk&caxyk eh.kk] rglhy fg.MkSu flVh] ftyk&djkSyhA ¼okgu ekfyd eq[R;kj ,oa uksfVl 133 ,e-oh- ,DV o lqiqnZxhnkj] MEij ua- vkj-ts&24&th-,&0970½ 4. us'kuy bU';ksjsUl dEiuh fy- tfj;s izca/kd] 'kk[kk dk;kZy;&,e-vkbZ-jksM] t;iqjA lfVZfQdsV uEcj 370301@31@12@6300003000 oS/krk fnukad 03-07-2012 ls 02-07-2013 rd ¼chek dEiuh MEij ua- vkj-ts&24&th-,&0970½ ------vizkFkhZx.k 5. y[ku iq= Jh eku flag] mez 16 o"kZ ¼HkkbZ½ 6. txyhjke iq= Jh eVksyh] mez 72 o"kZ ¼nknk½ ¼foyksfir e`R;q gksus ds dkj.k½ ¼izkFkhZ la[;k 5 ukckfyx tfj;s izkÑfrd lajf{kdk ekrk Jherh [2026:RJ-JP:5479] (2 of 16) [CMA-228/2017] lhek iRuh Lo- Jh jktho mQZ jkts'k½ leLr fuoklh;ku&xzke /kkuksrk] lsoj] Hkjriqj] gky fuoklh&eqds'k QS'ku] tukuk vLirky ds ikl] t;iqj ,oa vU; irk&,l&4] uk;yk gkml ds lkeus] eksrh Mwaxjh] t;iqjA ------izksQksekZ jsLiksaMsaV Connected With (2) S.B. Civil Miscellaneous Appeal No. 230/2017 1. vej flag mQZ iIiw d.Msjk iq= Lo- Jh jkethyky] mez 46 2. Jherh ehuk nsoh iRuh Jh vej flag mQZ iIiw d.Msjk] mez 43 o"kZ leLr fuoklh;ku&tSu eksgYyk] esu ekdsZV] [kknh okyh xyh ds ikl ¼[kknh Hk.Mkj½] rglhy egqok] ftyk nkSlkA gky fuoklh&eqds'k QS'ku] tukuk vLirky ds ikl t;iqjA vU; irk&ch&227 o ch&232 ¼xksnke½ cynsoiqjh] ghnk dh eksjh] jkexat cktkj] t;iqjA ------izkFkhZx.k@vihykFkh cuke 1. j?kqohj iq= Jh Jhyky] fuoklh&VksMwiqjk] rglhy fg.MkSu] ftyk djkSyh ,oa vU; irk&1&ch&38] gkmflax cksMZ dkWyksuh] vkdjk HkV~Vk] vkcwjksM] ftyk fljksgh ¼oDr pkyd MEij ua- vkj-ts&24&th-,&0970½ 2. ,p-th- bUÝk bathfu;fjax izkbZosV fy- 1&ch&38] gkmflax cksMZ dkWyksuh] vkdjk HkV~Vk] vkcwjksM] ftyk fljksgh ¼jkt-½A vU; irk&14] iapoVh dkWyksuh] tks/kiqj] tfj;s ekfyd izksijkbZVj@Mk;jsDVj gfjUnz flag iq= gksny flag pkS/kjh ¼okgu ekfyd ,oa chek/kkjd MEij ua- vkj-ts&24&th-,&0970½ 3. f'ko izlkn eh.kk iq= Jh fo'kuLo:i eh.kk] fuoklh&ch&11] f'ko 'kfDr uxj] txriqjk] t;iqj ,oa vU; irk&caxyk eh.kk] rglhy fg.MkSu flVh] ftyk&djkSyhA ¼okgu ekfyd eq[R;kj ,oa uksfVl 133 ,e-oh- ,DV o lqiqnZxhnkj] MEij ua- vkj-ts&24&th-,&0970½ 4. us'kuy bU';ksjsUl dEiuh fy- tfj;s izca/kd] 'kk[kk dk;kZy;&,e-vkbZ-jksM] t;iqjA lfVZfQdsV uEcj 370301@31@12@6300003000 oS/krk fnukad 03-07-2012 ls 02-07-2013 rd ¼chek dEiuh MEij ua- vkj-ts&24&th-,&0970½ ------vizkFkhZx.k 5. eku flag iq= Jh vej flag mQZ iIiw d.Msjk] mez 20 o"kZ [2026:RJ-JP:5479] (3 of 16) [CMA-228/2017] 6. eksfudk mQZ liuk iq=h Jh vej flag mQZ iIiw d.Msjk] mez 22 o"kZ 7. dq- eerk iq=h Jh vej flag mQZ iIiw d.Msjk] mez 20 o"kZ] 8. yksds'k d.Msjk iq= Jh vej flag mQZ iIiw d.Msjk] mez 19 o"kZ 9. dqynhi d.Msjk iq= Jh vej flag mQZ iIiw d.Msjk] mez 15 o"kZ ¼izkFkhZ la[;k&9 ukckfyx tfj;s izkÑfrd laj{kd firk Jh vej flag mQZ iIiw d.Msjk iq= Lo- Jh jkethyky½] leLr fuoklh;ku&tSu eksgYyk] esu ekdsZV] [kknh okyh xyh ds ikl ¼[kknh Hk.Mkj½] rglhy egqok] ftyk nkSlkA gky fuoklh&eqds'k QS'ku] tukuk vLirky ds ikl t;iqjA vU; irk&ch&227 o ch&232 ¼xksnke½ cynsoiqjh] ghnk dh eksjh] jkexat cktkj] t;iqjA ------izksQksekZ jsLiksaMsaV For Appellant(s) : Mr. Bhanu Prakash, Adv. For Respondent(s) : Mr. P.K. Kasliwal, Adv. (for Insurance Company) HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE ASHUTOSH KUMAR Judgment 20/01/2026 1- nkokdrkZx.k@vihykFkhZx.k lhek o vU; dh vksj ls izLrqr flfoy fofo/k vihy la[;k&228@2017 rFkk nkokdrkZx.k@vihykFkhZx.k vej flag mQZ iIiw o vU; dh vksj ls izLrqr flfoy fofo/k vihy la[;k&230@2017] mDr nksuksa nhokuh fofo/k vihysa /kkjk&173 eksVj okgu vf/kfu;e&1988 ds rgr U;k;ky; eksVj nq?kZVuk nkok vf/kdj.k la[;k&01] t;iqj egkuxj] t;iqj ¼ftls vkxs ^fo}ku vf/kdj.k* ds uke ls lacksf/kr fd;k tk,xk½ }kjk Dyse ;kfpdk la[;k&2369@2012] lhek o vU; cuke j?kqohj o vU; rFkk Dyse ;kfpdk la[;k&2368@2012] vej flag mQZ iIiw o vU; cuke j?kqohj o vU; esa ikfjr fu.kZ; fnukad 07-10-2016 ¼ftls vkxs *vk{ksfir fu.kZ;* ds uke ls lacksf/kr fd;k tk,xk½ ds fo#) izLrqr dh xbZ gSA ftudk fuLrkj.k lqfo/kk dh n`f"V ls bl ,d fu.kZ; ds }kjk fd;k tk jgk gSA 2- vihykFkhZx.k lhek o vU; }kjk eksVj okgu nq?kZVuk esa jktho mQZ jkts'k dh e`R;q gks tkus ds QyLo:i dqy 66]10]000@& #i;s Dyse izkIr [2026:RJ-JP:5479] (4 of 16) [CMA-228/2017] djus gsrq rFkk vihykFkhZx.k vej flag mQZ iIiw o vU; }kjk eksVj okgu nq?kZVuk esa ine flag dh e`R;q gks tkus ds QyLo:i dqy 55]80]000@& #i;s Dyse izkIr djus gsrq i`Fkd&i`Fkd Dyse ;kfpdk,a fo}ku vf/kdj.k ds le{k izLrqr dh x;hA fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk mDr Dyse ;kfpdkvksa dk fuLrkj.k djrs gq, vihykFkhZx.k lhek o vU; dks dqy 11]17]095@& #i;s rFkk vihykFkhZx.k vej flag mQZ iIiw o vU; dks dqy 7]49]420@& #i;s dh {kfriwfrZ jkf'k e; C;kt 06 izfr'kr lkykuk dh nj ls fnyokbZ x;h gSA fo}ku vf/kdj.k ds mDr vk{ksfir fu.kZ; ls O;fFkr gksdj vihykFkhZx.k lhek o vU; }kjk flfoy fofo/k vihy la[;k&228@2017 rFkk vihykFkhZx.k vej flag mQZ iIiw o vU; }kjk flfoy fofo/k vihy la[;k&230@2017] fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk fnyokbZ x;h {kfriwfrZ jkf'k esa c<+ksrjh fd;s tkus gsrq izLrqr dh x;h gSaA 3- flfoy fofo/k vihy la[;k&228@2017 ,oa flfoy fofo/k vihy la[;k&230@2017 ds laca/k esa nkSjkus cgl fo}ku vf/koDrk vihykFkhZx.k dk rdZ jgk gS fd oDr ?kVuk e`rdx.k jktho mQZ jkts'k rFkk ine flag eqds'k QS'ku] pkaniksy cktkj] t;iqj ds ;gka lSYlesu dh ukSdjh djrs Fks] ftUgsa izfrekg 14]500@& #i;s osru feyrk Fkk] ftlds laca/k esa vihykFkhZx.k }kjk e`rdx.k dk osru izek.k i= Hkh i=koyh ij is'k fd;s x;s gSa] fdUrq fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk e`rdx.k ds osru izek.k i=ksa ij fo'okl ugha dj] oDr ?kVuk e`rdx.k dh vk; dsoy 4]410@& #i;s izfrekg fu/kkZfjr dh tkdj =qfV dkfjr dh x;h gSA fo}ku vf/koDrk vihykFkhZx.k dk ;g Hkh rdZ jgk gS fd fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk e`rdx.k ds vkfJrksa dks dalksfVZ;e dh en esa rFkk vU; enksa eas Hkh vR;f/kd de jkf'k fnyokbZ x;h gS] ftuesa c<+ksrjh dh tkosA vr% mijksDr vk/kkjksa ij vihykFkhZx.k lhek o vU; dh vksj ls izLrqr flfoy fofo/k vihy la[;k&228@2017 rFkk vihykFkhZx.k vej flag mQZ iIiw o vU; dh vksj ls izLrqr flfoy fofo/k vihy la[;k&230@2017] dks Lohdkj fd;k tkdj {kfriwfrZ jkf'k esa c<+ksrjh fd;s tkus dh izkFkZuk dh x;hA 4- blds foijhr fo}ku vf/koDrk izR;FkhZ chek daiuh dh vksj ls vihykFkhZx.k ds mijksDr rdksZa dk fojks/k fd;k x;k rFkk rdZ izLrqr fd;k [2026:RJ-JP:5479] (5 of 16) [CMA-228/2017] x;k fd fo}ku vf/kdj.k e`rdx.k dh fu/kkZfjr ekfld vk; ij 50 izfr'kr dh Hkfo"; o`f) dh tkdj =qfV dkfjr dh x;h gSA vr% mijksDr rdksZa ds vk/kkj ij fo}ku vf/kdj.k ds fu.kZ; dks vikLr fd;s tkus rFkk vihykFkhZx.k dh vksj ls lafLFkr dh x;h vihyksa dks fujLr fd;s tkus dk fuosnu fd;k x;kA 5- nksuksa i{kksa dh cgl lquh x;hA i=kofy;ksa o fo}ku vf/kdj.k ds vfHkys[kksa dk voyksdu fd;k x;kA 6- gLrxr vihyksa dk fuLrkj.k fuEukuqlkj fd;k tk jgk gS %& flfoy fofo/k vihy la[;k&228@2017 %& 7- i=koyh ds voyksdu ls izdV gksrk gS fd ekeys dh ?kVuk fnukad 28-09-2012 dh crkbZ x;h gS rFkk oDr ?kVuk e`rd jktho mQZ jkts'k dks eqds'k QS'ku] t;iqj ds ;gka lSYlesu dh ukSdjh dj izfrekg 14]500@& #i;s osru izkIr djuk crk;k x;k gSA e`rd dh vk; dks lkfcr djus gsrq vihykFkhZx.k }kjk e`rd jktho mQZ jkts'k dk osru izek.k i= izn'kZ&19 tks fd eqds'k QS'ku }kjk tkjh fd;k x;k gS dks fo}ku vf/kdj.k ds le{k i=koyh ij is'k fd;k x;kA fdUrq fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk e`rd ds osru izek.k i= ij blfy, fo'okl ugha fd;k x;k fd mDr osru izek.k i= izn'kZ&19 ds leFkZu esa dksbZ osru izkfIr jlhn] cSad LVsVesaV] QeZ dh vk;dj foojf.kdk rFkk gktjh jftLVj vkfn i=koyh is'k ugha fd;s x;s gSa] bl dkj.k mDr osru izek.k i= ekus tkus ;ksX; ugha gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk e`rd ds osru izek.k i= izn'kZ&19 ij fo'okl ugha fd;k tkdj oDr ?kVuk e`rd dks vdq'ky Jfed dh Js.kh esa j[kk tkdj rRle; izpfyr U;wure etnwjh ds vk/kkj ij oDr ?kVuk e`rd dh nSfud vk; 147@& #i;s] rn~uqlkj ekfld vk; 4]410@& #i;s fu/kkZfjr dh x;h gSA 8- vihykFkhZx.k }kjk Dyse ;kfpdk ds pj.k la[;k&4] 5 o 6 esa e`rd dks oDr ?kVuk eqds'k QS'ku] t;iqj ds ;gka lsYlesu ds in ij dk;Z dj izfrekg 14]500@& #i;s ekfld osru izkIr djuk crk;k x;k gS] ftlds [2026:RJ-JP:5479] (6 of 16) [CMA-228/2017] laca/k esa vihykFkhZx.k }kjk e`rd dk osru izek.k i= izn'kZ&19 i=koyh ij is'k fd;k gS] ftlesa e`rd jktho mQZ jkts'k dk osru 14]500@& #i;s izfrekg gksuk n'kkZ;k x;k gSA 9- bl laca/k esa gekjk ekuuk ;g gS fd Dyse ;kfpdk fnukad 21-11-2012 dks is'k dh x;h gSA mlh fnu vihykFkhZx.k@DysesaV~l us ;g crk fn;k Fkk fd fu;ksDrk dkSu gS] e`rd dgka dke djrk gS rFkk fdruh vk; vftZr djrk gSA fu;ksDrk }kjk vf/kdkj i= izn'kZ&23 esa ;g fy[kk x;k gS fd jktho mQZ jkts'k ¼e`rd½ mlds ;gka o"kZ 2010 ls lsYlesu ds in ij dk;Z dj jgk FkkA e`rd dk osru izek.k i= izn'kZ&19 fnukad 20-11-2012 dks tkjh fd;k x;k gSA ftlds laca/k esa xokg ,-MCY;w&3 vk'kh"k 'kekZ tks fd eqds'k QS'ku] t;iqj eas crkSj eSustj dk;Zjr gS] us vius c;ku esa bl rF; dks Lohdkj fd;k gS fd e`rd jktho mQZ jkts'k] eqds'k QS'ku esa crkSj lsYlesu dk;Z djrk FkkA osru izek.k i= izn'kZ&19 eqds'k QS'ku }kjk tkjh fd;k x;k gSA xokg ,-MCY;w&3 vk'kh"k 'kekZ dk c;ku fnukad 07-01-2016 dks gqvk gSA bl izdkj izR;FkhZx.k] ftuesa chek dEiuh Hkh 'kkfey gS] ds ikl i;kZIr volj Fkk fd os bl ckr ds rF;ksa dh tkudkjh ¼osfjQkbZ½ djrs fd e`rd mDr eqds'k QS'ku] t;iqj esa dk;Z djrk Fkk vFkok ugha] D;k dk;Z djrk Fkk o mls fdruk osru feyrk Fkk ;k Dyse ;kfpdk esa vkthfodk o vk; ds laca/k esa of.kZr rF;ksa ds [k.Mu esa izR;FkhZx.k dksbZ lk{; izLrqr dj ldrs Fks] fdUrq bl laca/k esa izR;FkhZ chek dEiuh }kjk [k.Mu esa ,slh dksbZ lk{; is'k ugha dh x;h gS] ftlls fd e`rd ds O;olk; o vk; ds laca/k esa fd;s x;s vfHkopuksa dk lk{; esa [k.Mu gksrk gksA blds vfrfjDr bl laca/k esa ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; }kjk U;kf;d n`"Vkar Rajwati @ Rajjo & Ors. Vs. United India Insurance Company Ltd. & Ors. reported in 2022 (10) WLC 178 (SC) ds ekeys esa ;g er O;Dr fd;k gS fd %& "19. It is well settled that Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 is a beneficial piece of legislation and as such, while dealing with compensation cases, once the actual occurrence of the accident has been established, the Tribunal’s role would be to award just and fair compensation. As held by [2026:RJ-JP:5479] (7 of 16) [CMA-228/2017] this Court in Sunita (Supra) and Kusum Lata (Supra), strict rules of evidence as applicable in a criminal trial, are not applicable in motor accident compensation cases, i.e., to say, “the standard of proof to be borne in mind must be of preponderance of probability and not the strict standard of proof beyond all reasonable doubt which is followed in criminal cases”. 20. In view of the above, we do not agree with the view taken by the High Court while rejecting the salary certificate (Exhibit 19) and pay slip (Exhibit 20) of the deceased merely on the ground that the person issuing the two aforementioned documents was not examined before the Learned Tribunal. The said documents are conclusive proof of the income of the deceased and were also corroborated by the statements of the deceased’s wife (Appellant No. 1 herein) and his co-workers. As such, the High Court was not justified in assessing the income of the deceased at Rs.4,836/- per month on the basis of minimum wages fixed by the State at the relevant time. Resultantly, we affirm the findings of the Learned Tribunal so far as they relate to assessing the deceased’s income at Rs.11,225/- per month on the basis of aforementioned two documents. Annual income of the deceased, therefore, amounts to, Rs.11,225/- x 12 = Rs.1,34,700/-." 10- ,slh fLFkfr esa ge jktorh mQZ jTtks ¼mijksDr½ ds ekeys esa ikfjr er ls lger gksrs gq, bl ekeys esa oDr ?kVuk e`rd dh vk; mlds osru izek.k i= izn'kZ&19 ds vk/kkj ij fu/kkZfjr fd;k tkuk mfpr le>rs gSaA e`rd ds osru izek.k i= izn'kZ&19 eas e`rd dh vk; 14]500@& #i;s ekfld n'kkZ;h x;h gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa ;g U;k;ky; osru izek.k i= izn'kZ&19 ij fo'okl djrs gq, oDr ?kVuk e`rd jktho mQZ jkts'k dh vk; 14]500@& #i;s izfrekg fu/kkZfjr fd;k tkuk mfpr le>rh gSA 11- tgka rd e`rd dh fu/kkZfjr vk; ij Hkfo"; o`f) fd;s tkus dk iz'u gS rks bl laca/k esa izR;FkhZ chek dEiuh }kjk ;g rdZ fy;k x;k gS fd fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk e`rd dh fu/kkZfjr ekfld vk; ij Hkfo"; dh izR;k'kk dh en esa 40 izfr'kr Hkfo"; o`f) ds LFkku ij 50 izfr'kr dh Hkfo"; o`f) [2026:RJ-JP:5479] (8 of 16) [CMA-228/2017] dh tkdj =qfV dkfjr dh x;h gSA Dyse ;kfpdk esa oDr ?kVuk e`rd dks 25 o"kZ vk;q dk gksuk crk;k x;k gS rFkk fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk e`rd ds vk/kkj dkMZ dh QksVks izfr esa vafdr tUe o"kZ 1985 ds vuqlkj e`rd dh vk;q 27 o"kZ gksus ds dkj.k oDr ?kVuk e`rd dh vk;q 26 ls 30 o"kZ ds e/; fu/kkZfjr dh x;h gSA ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; }kjk e`rd dh fu/kkZfjr vk; ij Hkfo"; dh izR;k'kk dh en esa o`f) fd;s tkus ds laca/k esa U;kf;d n`"Vkar us'kuy ba';ksjsal dEiuh fyfeVsM cuke iz.k; lsBh o vU; fjiksVsZM bu ¼2017½ 16 ,l-lh-lh- 680 ds ekeys esa fuEufyf[kr er O;Dr fd;k gS fd %& "61(iv). In case the deceased was self- employed or on a fixed salary, an addition of 40% of the established income should be the warrant where the deceased was below the age of 40 years. An addition of 25% where the deceased was between the age of 40 to 50 years and 10% where the deceased was between the age of 50 to 60 years should be regarded as the necessary method of computation. In case the deceased was self- employed or on a fixed salary, an addition of 40% of the established income should be the warrant where the deceased was below the age of 40 years. An addition of 25% where the deceased was between the age of 40 to 50 years and 10% where the deceased was between the age of 50 to 60 years should be regarded as the necessary method of computation. The established income means the income minus the tax component." 12- pwafd oDr ?kVuk e`rd 26 ls 30 o"kZ dh e/; vk;q dk futh {ks= esa dk;Zjr osru Hkksxh FkkA ,slh fLFkfr esa ge] iz.k; lsBh ¼mijksDr½ ds ekeys esa izfrikfnr fl)kUr ds vuqlkj oDr ?kVuk e`rd dh vk;q dks n`f"Vxr j[krs gq, e`rd dh fu/kkZfjr ekfld vk; ij Hkfo"; dh izR;k'kk dh en esa 40 izfr'kr dh Hkfo";&o`f) fd;k tkuk mfpr le>rs gSaA rn~uqlkj 14]500@& #i;s dk 40 izfr'kr 5]800@& #i;s gksrk gSA mDr 40 izfr'kr jkf'k dks e`rd dh fu/kkZfjr ekfld vk; esa tksM+s tkus ds mijkar e`rd dh dqy ekfld vk; 20]300@& #i;s gksrh gS] tks {kfriwfrZ ds fu/kkZj.k dk vk/kkj jgsxhA 13- oDr ?kVuk e`rd jktho mQZ jkts'k ij dqy 07 vkfJr crk, x;s gSa] ftuesa vihykFkhZ la[;k&1 e`rd dh iRuh] vihykFkhZ la[;k&2 o 3 e`rd ds iq=] vihykFkhZ la[;k&4 o 5 e`rd ds firk o ekrk rFkk vihykFkhZ la[;k&6 o 7 e`rd dk HkkbZ o nknk gSaA fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk e`rd ds HkkbZ o nknk [2026:RJ-JP:5479] (9 of 16) [CMA-228/2017] dks oDr ?kVuk e`rd ij vkfJr ugha ekuk x;k gS rFkk oDr ?kVuk e`rd ij mldh iRuh] cPpksa o ekrk&firk dks vkfJr ekurs gq, e`rd ds O;fDrxr [kpZ dh dVkSrh ds en esa 1@4 Hkkx dh dVkSrh dh x;h gS tks mfpr izrhr gksrh gSA fo}ku vf/kdj.k ds mDr fu"d"kZ esa ge dksbZ gLr{ksi fd;k tkuk mfpr ugha le>rs gSaA rn~uqlkj 20]300@& #i;s dk 1@4 Hkkx 5]075@& #i;s gksrk gS] ftls fu/kkZfjr ekfld vk; esa ls ?kVkus ds mijkar vkfJr vk; dh 'ks"k jkf'k 15]225@& #i;s gksrh gSA oDr ?kVuk e`rd dh vk;q 26 ls 30 o"kZ ds e/; fu/kkZfjr dh x;h gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa ljyk oekZ o vU; cuke nsgyh VªklaiksVZ dkWiksZjs'ku o vU; fjiksVsZM bu ¼2009½ 6 ,l-lh-lh- 121 rFkk iz.k; lsBh ¼mijksDr½ ds ekeys esa izfrikfnr fl)kUr ds vk/kkj ij e`rd dh vk;q dks n`f"Vxr j[krs gq, 17 dk xq.kd yxk;k tkuk visf{kr gSA 14- rn~uqlkj e`rd dh fu/kkZfjr ekfld vk; 15]225@& #i;s ds vk/kkj ij vihykFkhZx.k dks gksus okyh vkfJr vk; dh dqy {kfr 15]225 x 12 x 17 = 31]05]900@& #i;s gksrh gS] tks vihykFkhZx.k lhek o vU; izkIr djus ds vf/kdkjh gaSA 15- fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk e`rd dh iRuh vihykFkhZ la[;k&1 dks nkEiR; lq[k ls lnSo ds fy, oafpr gksus gsrq 25]000@& #i;s] e`rd ds iq=ksa vihykFkhZ la[;k&2 o 3 dks firk ds I;kj o Lusg ls lnSo ds fy, oafpr gksus gsrq izR;sd dks 25]000@& #i;s rFkk e`rd ds firk o ekrk vihykFkhZ la[;k&4 o 5 dks iq= dh lsok&lqJq"kk ls lnSo ds fy, oafpr gksus gsrq izR;sd dks 10]000@& #i;s] bl izdkj dqy 95]000@& #i;s dh jkf'k dalksfVZ;e dh en esa vihykFkhZx.k dks fnyokbZ x;h gSA ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; ds U;kf;d n`"Vkar iz.k; lsBh ¼mijksDr½ o ;wukbZVsM bf.M;k ba';ksjsal dEiuh fyfeVsM cuke lfrUnj dkSj mQZ lrfoUnj dkSj o vU; fjiksVsZM bu ¼2021½ 11 ,llhlh 780 o vU; U;kf;d n`"Vkar esxek tujy ba';ksjsal dEiuh fyfeVsM cuke ukuw jke mQZ pqg: jke o vU; fjiksVsZM bu ¼2018½ 18 ,llhlh 130 ds ekeyksa esa izfrikfnr fl)kUr ds vuqlkj izR;sd vkfJr dks 40]000@& #i;s dalksfVZ;e dh en esa fnyok;s tkus dk fl)kUr izfrikfnr fd;k x;k gSA [2026:RJ-JP:5479] (10 of 16) [CMA-228/2017] 16- bl laca/k esa fo}ku vf/koDrk vihykFkhZx.k dh vksj ls O;Dr fd;k x;k gS fd iz.k; lsBh ¼mijksDr½ ds ekeys esa izfrikfnr fl}kUr ds vuqlkj e`rd ds vkfJrx.k dks dalksfVZ;e dh en esa] vafre laLdkj o lEink dh gkfu ds en esa nh tkus okyh fu/kkZfjr jkf'k esa izR;sd 03 o"kZ esa 10 izfr'kr jkf'k dh c<+ksrjh fd;s tkus dk vkns'k fn;k x;k gSA blfy, bl ekeys esa Hkh mDr enksa esa 10 izfr'kr dh o`f) dh tkdj vihykFkhZx.k dks {kfriwfrZ jkf'k fnyokbZ tkosA 17- tgka rd dalksfVZ;e dh en esa] vafre laLdkj rFkk lEink dh gkfu ds en esa e`rd ds vkfJrx.k dks fnyokbZ tkus okyh fu/kkZfjr jkf'k esa c<+ksrjh fd;s tkus dk iz'u gS rks bl laca/k esa ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; }kjk U;kf;d n`"Vkar glhuk ;kLehu o vU; cuke us'kuy ba';ksjsal dEiuh fyfeVsM o vU; fjiksVsMZ bu 2025 ,l-lh-lh- vkWuykbZu ,l-lh- 2919 esa fuEufyf[kr er O;Dr fd;k x;k gS fd %& "7. According to us, the Constitution Bench decision only provided for an enhancement of 10% in every three-year period with respect to accidents which occurred after 2017, the first enhancement being applied in 2020. Otherwise, as is indicated in the cited decision; which we find, with due respect, difficult to accept, the accident in 2010 is applied with a 10% increase when it is disposed of in 2020 and a further 10% increase if the matter is finally disposed of in 2023. This with due respect is not the purport of the decision in Pranay Sethi1, as we understand it. There cannot be any enhancement made with respect to an accident which occurred in the year 1998, since the compensation for loss of estate and consortium as also expenses incurred for funeral is as on that date, which has been standardized by Pranay Sethi at 15,000/-, 40,000/- & 15,000/-, the delay in payment of which is compensated by the interest directed to be paid." 18- ,slh fLFkfr ;g U;k;ky;] ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; ds U;kf;d n`"Vkar glhuk ;kLehu ¼mijksDr½] iz.k; lsBh ¼mijksDr½] lfrUnj dkSj mQZ lrfoUnj dkSj ¼mijksDr½ o ukuw jke mQZ pqg: jke ¼mijksDr½ ds ekeyksa esa [2026:RJ-JP:5479] (11 of 16) [CMA-228/2017] izfrikfnr fl)kUr ds vuqlkj e`rd dh iRuh vihykFkhZ la[;k&1 dks ^^Likml dalksfVZ;e** dh en eas 40]000@& #i;s] e`rd ds cPpksa vihykFkhZ la[;k&2 o 3 dks ^^iSjs.Vy dalksfVZ;e** dh en esa izR;sd dks 40]000@& #i;s] e`rd ds firk o ekrk] vihykFkhZ la[;k&4 o 5 rFkk e`rd ds HkkbZ nkokdrkZ@izksQksekZ jsLiksaMsaV la[;k&5 dks ^^fQfy;y dalksfVZ;e** dh en esa izR;sd dks 40]000@& #i;s ¼dqy 2]40]000@& #i;s½ dh jkf'k vihykFkhZx.k dks fnyok;k tkuk mfpr le>rs gSaA izksQksekZ jsLiksaMsasV la[;k&6 e`rd dk nknk gS] ftldh e`R;q ;kfpdk ds yafcr jgus ds nkSjku iwoZ esa gks pqdh gS rFkk nknk dks dalksfVZ;e dh en esa jkf'k fnyok;s tkus dh dksbZ fof/k orZeku esa ykxw ugha gSA 19- fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk vihykFkhZx.k dks vafre laLdkj dh en esa 10]000@& #i;s dh jkf'k fnyokbZ x;h gS tks de gSA vr% vafre laLdkj dh en esa ge] iz.k; lsBh ¼mijksDr½ ds ekeys esa izfrikfnr fl)kUr ds vuqlkj 15]000@& #i;s dh jkf'k vihykFkhZx.k dks fnyok;k tkuk mfpr le>rs gSaA 20- fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk vihykFkhZx.k dks lEink dh gkfu ds en esa i`Fkd ls dksbZ jkf'k ugha fnyokbZ x;h gSA vr% lEink dh gkfu ds en esa ge] iz.k; lsBh ¼mijksDr½ ds ekeys esa izfrikfnr fl)kUr ds vuqlkj 15]000@& #i;s dh jkf'k vihykFkhZx.k dks fnyok;k tkuk mfpr le>rs gSaA 21- mDrkuqlkj vihykFkhZx.k@DysesaV~l lhek o vU; fuEu izdkj ls {kfriwfrZ jkf'k izkIr djus dh vf/kdkjh gS %& Øe la- 'kh"kZ@en bl fu.kZ; ds rgr fu/kkZfjr dh x;h jkf’k ¼:i;s esa½ 1- vkfJr vk; dh {kfr ds en esa 31]05]900@& 2- dalksfVZ;e ds en esa dqy 2]40]000@& 3- vafre laLdkj ds en esa 15]000@& 4- lEink dh gkfu ds en esa 15]000@& bl U;k;ky; }kjk fu/kkZfjr dh xbZ dqy {kfriwfrZ jkf'k 33]75]900@& fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk fnyokbZ xbZ {kfriwfrZ jkf'k ¼&½ 11]17]095@& c<+ksrjh i'pkr {kfriwfrZ jkf'k esa varj 22]58]805@& [2026:RJ-JP:5479] (12 of 16) [CMA-228/2017] flfoy fofo/k vihy la[;k&230@2017 %& 22- i=koyh ds voyksdu ls izdV gksrk gS fd ekeys dh ?kVuk fnukad 28-09-2012 dh crkbZ x;h gS rFkk oDr ?kVuk e`rd ine flag dks eqds'k QS'ku] t;iqj ds ;gka lSYlesu dh ukSdjh dj izfrekg 14]500@& #i;s osru izkIr djuk crk;k x;k gSA e`rd dh vk; dks lkfcr djus gsrq vihykFkhZx.k }kjk e`rd ine flag dk osru izek.k i= izn'kZ&21 tks fd eqds'k QS'ku }kjk tkjh fd;k x;k gS dks fo}ku vf/kdj.k ds le{k i=koyh ij is'k fd;k x;kA fdUrq fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk e`rd ds osru izek.k i= ij blfy, fo'okl ugha fd;k x;k fd mDr osru izek.k i= izn'kZ&21 ds leFkZu esa dksbZ osru izkfIr jlhn] cSad LVsVesaV] QeZ dh vk;dj foojf.kdk rFkk gktjh jftLVj vkfn i=koyh is'k ugha fd;s x;s gSa] bl dkj.k mDr osru izek.k i= ekus tkus ;ksX; ugha gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk e`rd ds osru izek.k i= izn'kZ&21 ij fo'okl ugha fd;k tkdj oDr ?kVuk e`rd dks vdq'ky Jfed dh Js.kh esa j[kk tkdj rRle; izpfyr U;wure etnwjh ds vk/kkj ij oDr ?kVuk e`rd dh nSfud vk; 147@& #i;s] rn~uqlkj ekfld vk; 4]410@& #i;s fu/kkZfjr dh x;h gSA 23- vihykFkhZx.k }kjk Dyse ;kfpdk ds pj.k la[;k&4] 5 o 6 esa e`rd dks oDr ?kVuk eqds'k QS'ku] t;iqj ds ;gka lsYlesu ds in ij dk;Z dj izfrekg 14]500@& #i;s ekfld osru izkIr djuk crk;k x;k gS] ftlds laca/k esa vihykFkhZx.k }kjk e`rd dk osru izek.k i= izn'kZ&21 i=koyh ij is'k fd;k gS] ftlesa e`rd ine flag dk osru 14]500@& #i;s izfrekg gksuk n'kkZ;k x;k gSA 24- bl laca/k esa gekjk ekuuk ;g gS fd Dyse ;kfpdk fnukad 21-11-2012 dks is'k dh x;h gSA mlh fnu vihykFkhZx.k@DysesaV~l us ;g crk fn;k Fkk fd fu;ksDrk dkSu gS] e`rd dgka dke djrk gS rFkk fdruh vk; vftZr djrk gSA fu;ksDrk }kjk vf/kdkj i= izn'kZ&23 esa ;g fy[kk x;k gS fd ine flag ¼e`rd½ mlds ;gka o"kZ 2010 ls lsYlesu ds in ij dk;Z dj jgk FkkA e`rd dk osru izek.k i= izn'kZ&21 fnukad 20-11-2012 dks tkjh fd;k x;k gSA ftlds laca/k esa xokg ,-MCY;w&3 vk'kh"k 'kekZ tks fd eqds'k QS'ku] [2026:RJ-JP:5479] (13 of 16) [CMA-228/2017] t;iqj eas crkSj eSustj dk;Zjr gS] us vius c;ku esa bl rF; dks Lohdkj fd;k gS fd e`rd ine flag] eqds'k QS'ku esa crkSj lsYlesu dk;Z djrk FkkA osru izek.k i= izn'kZ&21 eqds'k QS'ku }kjk tkjh fd;k x;k gSA xokg ,-MCY;w&3 vk'kh"k 'kekZ dk c;ku fnukad 07-01-2016 dks gqvk gSA bl izdkj izR;FkhZx.k] ftuesa chek dEiuh Hkh 'kkfey gS] ds ikl i;kZIr volj Fkk fd os bl ckr ds rF;ksa dh tkudkjh ¼osfjQkbZ½ djrs fd e`rd mDr eqds'k QS'ku] t;iqj esa dk;Z djrk Fkk vFkok ugha] D;k dk;Z djrk Fkk o mls fdruk osru feyrk Fkk ;k Dyse ;kfpdk esa vkthfodk o vk; ds laca/k esa of.kZr rF;ksa ds [k.Mu esa izR;FkhZx.k dksbZ lk{; izLrqr dj ldrs Fks] fdUrq bl laca/k esa izR;FkhZ chek dEiuh }kjk [k.Mu esa ,slh dksbZ lk{; is'k ugha dh x;h gS] ftlls fd e`rd ds O;olk; o vk; ds laca/k esa fd;s x;s vfHkopuksa dk lk{; esa [k.Mu gksrk gksA ,slh fLFkfr esa ge jktorh mQZ jTtks ¼mijksDr½ ds ekeys esa ikfjr er ls lger gksrs gq, bl ekeys esa oDr ?kVuk e`rd dh vk; mlds osru izek.k i= izn'kZ&21 ds vk/kkj ij fu/kkZfjr fd;k tkuk mfpr le>rs gSaA e`rd ds osru izek.k i= izn'kZ&21 eas e`rd dh vk; 14]500@& #i;s ekfld n'kkZ;h x;h gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa ;g U;k;ky; osru izek.k i= izn'kZ&21 ij fo'okl djrs gq, oDr ?kVuk e`rd ine flag dh vk; 14]500@& #i;s izfrekg fu/kkZfjr fd;k tkuk mfpr le>rh gSA 25- tgka rd e`rd dh fu/kkZfjr vk; ij Hkfo"; o`f) fd;s tkus dk iz'u gS rks bl laca/k esa izR;FkhZ chek dEiuh }kjk ;g rdZ fy;k x;k gS fd fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk e`rd dh fu/kkZfjr ekfld vk; ij Hkfo"; dh izR;k'kk dh en esa 40 izfr'kr Hkfo"; o`f) ds LFkku ij 50 izfr'kr dh Hkfo"; o`f) dh tkdj =qfV dkfjr dh x;h gSA Dyse ;kfpdk esa oDr ?kVuk e`rd dks 23 o"kZ vk;q dk gksuk crk;k x;k gS o e`rd dh iksLVekVZe fjiksVZ izn'kZ&20 esa e`rd dh vk;q 20 o"kZ vafdr dh x;h gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk oDr ?kVuk e`rd dh vk;q 21 ls 25 o"kZ ds e/; fu/kkZfjr dh x;h gSA pwafd oDr ?kVuk e`rd 21 ls 25 o"kZ dh e/; vk;q dk futh {ks= esa dk;Zjr osru Hkksxh FkkA ,slh fLFkfr esa ;g U;k;ky;] ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky;; }kjk U;kf;d n`"Vkar iz.k; lsBh ¼mijksDr½ ds ekeys esa [2026:RJ-JP:5479] (14 of 16) [CMA-228/2017] pj.k la[;k&61 ds mi [k.M (iv) esa ikfjr er ls lger gksrs gq, oDr ?kVuk e`rd dh vk;q dks n`f"Vxr j[krs gq, e`rd dh fu/kkZfjr ekfld vk; ij Hkfo"; dh izR;k'kk dh en esa 40 izfr'kr dh Hkfo";&o`f) fd;k tkuk mfpr le>rh gSA rn~uqlkj 14]500@& #i;s dk 40 izfr'kr 5]800@& #i;s gksrk gSA mDr 40 izfr'kr jkf'k dks e`rd dh fu/kkZfjr ekfld vk; esa tksM+s tkus ds mijkar e`rd dh dqy ekfld vk; 20]300@& #i;s gksrh gS] tks {kfriwfrZ ds fu/kkZj.k dk vk/kkj jgsxhA 26- oDr ?kVuk e`rd ine flag vfookfgr FkkA ,slh fLFkfr esa e`rd ds O;fDrxr [kpZ dh dVkSrh ds en eas 1@2 Hkkx dh dVkSrh fd;k tkuk visf{kr gSA rn~uqlkj 20]300@& #i;s dk 1@2 Hkkx 10]150@& #i;s gksrk gS] ftls fu/kkZfjr ekfld vk; esa ls ?kVkus ds mijkar vkfJr vk; dh 'ks"k jkf'k 10]150@& #i;s gksrh gSA oDr ?kVuk e`rd dh vk;q 21 ls 25 o"kZ ds e/; fu/kkZfjr dh x;h gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa ljyk oekZ ¼mijksDr½ rFkk iz.k; lsBh ¼mijksDr½ ds ekeys esa izfrikfnr fl)kUr ds vk/kkj ij e`rd dh vk;q dks n`f"Vxr j[krs gq, 18 dk xq.kd yxk;k tkuk visf{kr gSA 27- rn~uqlkj e`rd dh fu/kkZfjr ekfld vk; 10]150@& #i;s ds vk/kkj ij vihykFkhZx.k dks gksus okyh vkfJr vk; dh dqy {kfr 10]150 x 12 x 18 = 21]92]400@& #i;s gksrh gS] tks vihykFkhZx.k vej flag mQZ iIiw o vU; izkIr djus ds vf/kdkjh gaSA 28- fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk e`rd ds firk o ekrk vihykFkhZ la[;k&1 o 2 izR;sd dks 12]500@& #i;s] bl izdkj dqy 25]000@& #i;s dh jkf'k dalksfVZ;e dh en esa vihykFkhZx.k dks fnyokbZ x;h gSA ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; ds U;kf;d n`"Vkar iz.k; lsBh ¼mijksDr½ o ;wukbZVsM bf.M;k ba';ksjsal dEiuh fyfeVsM cuke lfrUnj dkSj mQZ lrfoUnj dkSj o vU; fjiksVsZM bu ¼2021½ 11 ,llhlh 780 o vU; U;kf;d n`"Vkar esxek tujy ba';ksjsal dEiuh fyfeVsM cuke ukuw jke mQZ pqg: jke o vU; fjiksVsZM bu ¼2018½ 18 ,llhlh 130 ds ekeyksa esa izfrikfnr fl)kUr ds vuqlkj izR;sd vkfJr dks 40]000@& #i;s dalksfVZ;e dh en esa fnyok;s tkus dk fl)kUr izfrikfnr fd;k x;k gSA [2026:RJ-JP:5479] (15 of 16) [CMA-228/2017] 29- ,slh fLFkfr ;g U;k;ky;] ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; ds U;kf;d n`"Vkar glhuk ;kLehu ¼mijksDr½] iz.k; lsBh ¼mijksDr½] lfrUnj dkSj mQZ lrfoUnj dkSj ¼mijksDr½ o ukuw jke mQZ pqg: jke ¼mijksDr½ ds ekeyksa esa izfrikfnr fl)kUr ds vuqlkj e`rd ds firk o ekrk vihykFkhZ la[;k&1 o 2 dks rFkk e`rd ds HkkbZ&cfgu izksQksekZ jsLiksaMsaV la[;k&5 yxk;r 9 dks ^^fQfy;y dalksfVZ;e** dh en eas izR;sd dks 40]000@& #i;s ¼dqy 2]80]000@& #i;s½ dh jkf'k vihykFkhZx.k dks fnyok;k tkuk mfpr le>rs gSaA 30- fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk vihykFkhZx.k dks vafre laLdkj dh en esa 10]000@& #i;s dh jkf'k fnyokbZ x;h gS tks de gSA vr% vafre laLdkj dh en esa ge] iz.k; lsBh ¼mijksDr½ ds ekeys esa izfrikfnr fl)kUr ds vuqlkj 15]000@& #i;s dh jkf'k vihykFkhZx.k dks fnyok;k tkuk mfpr le>rs gSaA 31- fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk vihykFkhZx.k dks lEink dh gkfu ds en esa i`Fkd ls dksbZ jkf'k ugha fnyokbZ x;h gSA vr% lEink dh gkfu ds en esa ge] iz.k; lsBh ¼mijksDr½ ds ekeys esa izfrikfnr fl)kUr ds vuqlkj 15]000@& #i;s dh jkf'k vihykFkhZx.k dks fnyok;k tkuk mfpr le>rs gSaA 32- mDrkuqlkj vihykFkhZx.k@DysesaV~l vej flag mQZ iIiw o vU; fuEu izdkj ls {kfriwfrZ jkf'k izkIr djus dh vf/kdkjh gS %& Øe la- 'kh"kZ@en bl fu.kZ; ds rgr fu/kkZfjr dh x;h jkf’k ¼:i;s esa½ 1- vkfJr vk; dh {kfr ds en esa 21]92]400@& 2- dalksfVZ;e ds en esa dqy 2]80]000@& 3- vafre laLdkj ds en esa 15]000@& 4- lEink dh gkfu ds en esa 15]000@& bl U;k;ky; }kjk fu/kkZfjr dh xbZ dqy {kfriwfrZ jkf'k 25]02]400@& fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk fnyokbZ xbZ {kfriwfrZ jkf'k ¼&½ 7]49]420@& c<+ksrjh i'pkr {kfriwfrZ jkf'k esa varj 17]52]980@& 33- mijksDr foospu vuqlkj vihykFkhZx.k lhek o vU; dh vksj ls izLrqr flfoy fofo/k vihy la[;k&228@2017] vkaf’kd :i ls Lohdkj dh tkdj fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk ikfjr iapkV] ftlds }kjk vihykFkhZx.k@DysesaV~l dks [2026:RJ-JP:5479] (16 of 16) [CMA-228/2017] 11]17]095@& :i;s fnyok;s tkus dk vkns'k ikfjr fd;k x;k gS] ds LFkku ij 33]75]900@& :i;s dk iapkV ikfjr fd;k tkrk gSA blh izdkj vihykFkhZx.k vej flag mQZ iIiw o vU; dh vksj ls izLrqr flfoy fofo/k vihy la[;k&230@2017] vkaf’kd :i ls Lohdkj dh tkdj fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk ikfjr iapkV] ftlds }kjk vihykFkhZx.k@DysesaV~l dks 7]49]420@& :i;s fnyok;s tkus dk vkns'k ikfjr fd;k x;k gS] ds LFkku ij 25]02]400@& :i;s dk iapkV ikfjr fd;k tkrk gSA vihykFkhZx.k lhek o vU; rFkk vihykFkhZx.k vej flag mQZ iIiw o vU; dks ns; mDr {kfriwfrZ jkf'k ij fu;ekuqlkj vk;dj dVkSrh dh tk,xhA vihykFkhZx.k lhek o vU; rFkk vihykFkhZx.k vej flag mQZ iIiw o vU; }kjk iwoZ esa izkIr dh x;h jkf’k dks iapkV jkf’k esa ls lek;ksftr fd;k tkdj 'ks"k jkf’k vihykFkhZx.k lhek o vU; rFkk vihykFkhZx.k vej flag mQZ iIiw o vU; izkIr djus ds vf/kdkjh ik;s tkrs gSaA 34- bl vkns'k }kjk c<+kbZ xbZ {kfriwfrZ jkf'k ij ;kfpdk nk;j djus dh frfFk ls vihykFkhZx.k lhek o vU; rFkk vihykFkhZx.k vej flag mQZ iIiw o vU;] 08 izfr'kr okf"kZd C;kt izkIr djus ds vf/kdkjh gSaA 35- vkns'k dh izfr ds lkFk izdj.k dk vfHkys[k lacaf/kr fo}ku vf/kdj.k dks vfoyEc ykSVk;k tkosA 36- rnuqlkj mDr vihysa fuLrkfjr dh tkrh gSA 37- lHkh yfEcr izkFkZuk&i=ksa dks Hkh mijksDrkuqlkj fuLrkfjr fd;k tkrk gSA (ASHUTOSH KUMAR),J LOKESH RAJ /10-11