[2026:RJ-JP:5168] HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE FOR RAJASTHAN BENCH AT JAIPUR S.B. Civil Miscellaneous Appeal No. 3899/2025 1. Balbir Singh Son Of Mohan Singh, Aged About 63 Years, 2. Guddi Wife Of Balbir Singh, Aged About 62 Years, 3. Manvi Daughter Of Late Jitendra Singh, Aged About 10 Years, Minor Through Her Natural Guardian Her Grandfather Balbir Singh. All Resident Of Village Changora, Police Station Diholi, District Rajasthan. ----Claimants/Appellants Versus 1. Arjun Singh Son Of Shri Sonu Singh Tomar, Resident Of Near Madhav Memorial School, Gadaiepura Gird, Gwalior Madhya Pradesh, (Owner Of Motorcycle No. MP.-07/NJ- 8111). 2. ICICI Lombard General Insurance Company Limited, Through Its General Manager Registered Office At ICICI Lombard House 414 Veer Sarwarkar Marg, Near Siddi Vinayak Mandir, Prabhadevi Mumbai (Maharashtra) 400025. (Insurance Company Of Motorcycle No. MP-07, NJ-8111). ----Non Claimant/Respondents 3. Seema Wife Of Jitendra @ Rinku, Aged About 24 Years, 4. Radhika Daughter Of Late Jitendra @ Rinku, Aged About 4 Years, Both Resident Of Village Cheelpura, Police Station, Diholi, District Dholpur. ----Performa Respondents For Appellant(s) : Mr. Dinesh Kumar Garg, Adv. with Mr. Ashvendra Singh Rathore, Adv. For Respondent(s) : Mr. Chanderdeep Singh Jodha, Adv. with Mr. Vikas Bana, Adv. HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE ASHUTOSH KUMAR Order 19/01/2026 1- vihykFkhZx.k dh vksj ls izLrqr vihy /kkjk&173 eksVj okgu vf/kfu;e&1988 ds rgr U;k;ky; eksVj nq?kZVuk nkok vf/kdj.k] /kkSyiqj [2026:RJ-JP:5168] (2 of 8) [CMA-3899/2025] ¼ftls vkxs ^fo}ku vf/kdj.k* ds uke ls lacksf/kr fd;k tk,xk½ }kjk Dyse ;kfpdk la[;k&163@2022] cychj o vU; cuke vtqZu o vU; esa ikfjr fu.kZ; fnukad 08-05-2025 ¼ftls vkxs *vk{ksfir fu.kZ;* ds uke ls lacksf/kr fd;k tk,xk½ ds fo#) izLrqr dh xbZ gSA 2- vihykFkhZx.k }kjk fo}ku vf/kdj.k ds le{k thrsUnz mQZ fjadw dh eksVj okgu nq?kZVuk esa e`R;q gks tkus ds QyLo:i dqy 87]20]000@& #i;s Dyse izkIr djus gsrq Dyse ;kfpdk izLrqr dh x;hA fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk mDr Dyse ;kfpdk dk fuLrkj.k djrs gq, vihykFkhZx.k dks dqy 16]46]104@& #i;s dh {kfriwfrZ jkf’k e; C;kt 6 izfr’kr lkykuk dh nj ls fnyokbZ x;h gSA fo}ku vf/kdj.k ds mDr vk{ksfir fu.kZ; ls O;fFkr gksdj vihykFkhZx.k }kjk ;s vihy {kfriwfrZ jkf’k esa c<+ksrjh fd;s tkus gsrq izLrqr dh x;h gSA 3- nkSjkus cgl fo}ku vf/koDrk vihykFkhZx.k dk rdZ jgk gS fd fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk e`rd dh ekfld vk; 7]358@& :i;s fu/kkZfjr dh tkdj =qfV dkfjr dh xbZ gS] tcfd e`rd ,y-th- daiuh esa ukSdjh djds 40]000@& :i;s izfrekg dh vk; vftZr djrk FkkA fo}ku vf/koDrk vihykFkhZx.k dk ;g Hkh rdZ jgk fd fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk dalksfVZ;e dh en esa rFkk vU; enksa esa Hkh vR;f/kd de jkf'k fnyokbZ x;h gS] ftuesa c<+ksrjh dh tkosA vr% vihykFkhZx.k dh vksj ls izLrqr vihy dks Lohdkj fd;k tkdj fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk ikfjr fu.kZ; dks la'kksf/kr dj {kfriwfrZ jkf'k esa c<+ksrjh fd;s tkus dh izkFkZuk dh x;hA 4- blds foijhr fo}ku vf/koDrk izR;FkhZ chek dEiuh dh vksj ls vihykFkhZx.k ds mijksDr rdksZa dk fojks/k djrs gq, fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk ikfjr fd;s x;s fu.kZ; dh iqf"V fd;s tkus rFkk vihykFkhZx.k dh vksj ls lafLFkr dh x;h vihy dks fujLr fd;s tkus dk fuosnu fd;k x;kA 5- nksuksa i{kksa dks lquk x;kA i=koyh dk voyksdu fd;k x;kA 6- i=koyh ds voyksdu ls izdV gksrk gS fd ekeys dh ?kVuk fnukad 29-03-2022 dh crkbZ x;h gS rFkk oDr ?kVuk e`rd thrsUnz mQZ fjadw [2026:RJ-JP:5168] (3 of 8) [CMA-3899/2025] dks ,y-th- daiuh esa ukSdjh dj 40]000@& :i;s izfrekg vk; vftZr djuk crk;k x;k gSA e`rd dh vk; ds laca/k esa vihykFkhZx.k dh vksj ls fo}ku vf/kdj.k ds le{k e`rd dh is&fLyi izn'kZ 14 yxk;r 17 izLrqr fd, x, rFkk xokg ,u-,-MCy;w&1 jktsUnz }kjk vius c;kuksa esa e`rd dk ,y-th- daiuh esa ,l,lbZ ds in ij dk;Z djuk Lohdkj dj e`rd dh vk; ds laca/k esa e`rd dh is&fLyi izn'kZ ,u-,&5 yxk;r 8 izLrqr fd, gSa] ftlds vk/kkj ij fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk oDr ?kVuk e`rd dk ,y-th- daiuh esa dk;Z djuk izekf.kr ekukA fdarq fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk e`rd dh vk; dh x.kuk vihykFkhZx.k dh vksj ls e`rd dh vk; ds laca/k esa izLrqr nLrkostkr ds vk/kkj ij uk djrs gq, rRl;e izpfyr U;wure etnwjh nj ds vk/kkj ij oDr ?kVuk e`rd dks dq'ky Jfed gksuk ekurs gq, e`rd dh vk; 7]358@& #i;s izfrekg fu/kkZfjr dh xbZA 7- bl laca/k esa gekjk ekuuk ;g gS fd Dyse ;kfpdk fnukad 30-05-2022 dks is'k dh x;h gSA mlh fnu vihykFkhZx.k us ;g crk fn;k Fkk fd e`rd dk fu;ksDrk dkSu gS] og dgka dke djrk Fkk rFkk fdruh vk; vftZr djrk FkkA bl izdkj izR;FkhZx.k] ftuesa chek dEiuh Hkh 'kkfey gS] ds ikl i;kZIr volj Fkk fd os bl ckr ds rF;ksa dh tkudkjh ¼osfjQkbZ½ djrs fd e`rd mDr ,y-th- daiuh esa dk;Z djrk Fkk vFkok ugha] D;k dk;Z djrk Fkk o mls fdruk osru feyrk Fkk ;k Dyse ;kfpdk esa vkthfodk o vk; ds laca/k esa of.kZr rF;ksa ds [k.Mu esa izR;FkhZx.k dksbZ lk{; izLrqr dj ldrs Fks] fdUrq bl laca/k esa izR;FkhZx.k }kjk [k.Mu esa ,slh dksbZ lk{; is'k ugha dh x;h gS] ftlls fd vihykFkhZx.k }kjk e`rd ds dk;Z o vk; ds laca/k esa fd;s x;s vfHkopuksa dk lk{; esa [k.Mu gksrk gksA blds vfrfjDr bl laca/k esa ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; }kjk U;kf;d n`"Vkar Rajwati @ Rajjo & Ors. Vs. United India Insurance Company Ltd. & Ors. reported in 2022 SCC OnLine SC 1699 ds ekeys esa ;g er O;Dr fd;k gS fd %& "19. It is well settled that Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 is a beneficial piece of legislation and as [2026:RJ-JP:5168] (4 of 8) [CMA-3899/2025] such, while dealing with compensation cases, once the actual occurrence of the accident has been established, the Tribunal’s role would be to award just and fair compensation. As held by this Court in Sunita (Supra) and Kusum Lata (Supra), strict rules of evidence as applicable in a criminal trial, are not applicable in motor accident compensation cases, i.e., to say, “the standard of proof to be borne in mind must be of preponderance of probability and not the strict standard of proof beyond all reasonable doubt which is followed in criminal cases”. 20. In view of the above, we do not agree with the view taken by the High Court while rejecting the salary certificate (Exhibit 19) and pay slip (Exhibit 20) of the deceased merely on the ground that the person issuing the two aforementioned documents was not examined before the Learned Tribunal. The said documents are conclusive proof of the income of the deceased and were also corroborated by the statements of the deceased’s wife (Appellant No. 1 herein) and his co-workers. As such, the High Court was not justified in assessing the income of the deceased at Rs.4,836/- per month on the basis of minimum wages fixed by the State at the relevant time. Resultantly, we affirm the findings of the Learned Tribunal so far as they relate to assessing the deceased’s income at Rs.11,225/- per month on the basis of aforementioned two documents. Annual income of the deceased, therefore, amounts to, Rs.11,225/- x 12 = Rs.1,34,700/-." 8- ,slh fLFkfr esa ge jktorh mQZ jTtks ¼mijksDr½ ds ekeys esa ikfjr er ls lger gksrs gq, bl ekeys esa oDr ?kVuk e`rd dh vk; mldh is&fLyi izn'kZ&14 yxk;r 17 esa ekg ekpZ] 2022 dh lSysjh ds vk/kkj ij 23]624@& #i;s ekfld fu/kkZfjr fd;k tkuk mfpr le>rs gaSA fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk e`rd ds vk/kkj dkMZ esa vafdr tUefrfFk ds vk/kkj ij oDr ?kVuk e`rd dh vk;q 30 o"kZ fu/kkZfjr dh gSA 9- tgka rd e`rd dh fu/kkZfjr ekfld vk; ij Hkfo"; o`f) fd, tkus dk iz'u gS rks bl laca/k esa ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; }kjk U;kf;d n`"Vkar [2026:RJ-JP:5168] (5 of 8) [CMA-3899/2025] us'kuy ba';ksjsal dEiuh fyfeVsM cuke iz.k; lsBh o vU; fjiksVsZM bu ¼2017½ 16 ,l-lh-lh- 680 ds ekeys esa fuEufyf[kr er O;Dr fd;k gS%& "61(iv). In case the deceased was self-employed or on a fixed salary, an addition of 40% of the established income should be the warrant where the deceased was below the age of 40 years. An addition of 25% where the deceased was between the age of 40 to 50 years and 10% where the deceased was between the age of 50 to 60 years should be regarded as the necessary method of computation. The established income means the income minus the tax component." 10- pwafd oDr ?kVuk e`rd 30 o"kZ dh vk;q dk osru Hkksxh O;fDr FkkA ,slh fLFkfr esa ge] iz.k; lsBh ¼mijksDr½ ds ekeys esa ikfjr er ls lger gksrs gq, bl ekeys esa Hkh e`rd dh vk;q dks n`f"Vxr j[krs gq, e`rd dh fu/kkZfjr ekfld vk; ij Hkfo"; dh izR;k'kk dh en esa 40 izfr'kr dh Hkfo";&o`f) fd;k tkuk mfpr le>rs gSaA rn~uqlkj 23]624@& #i;s dk 40 izfr'kr 9]450@& #i;s gksrk gSA mDr 40 izfr'kr jkf'k dks e`rd dh fu/kkZfjr ekfld vk; esa tksM+s tkus ds mijkar e`rd dh dqy ekfld vk; 33]074@& #i;s gksrh gS] tks {kfriwfrZ ds fu/kkZj.k dk vk/kkj jgsxhA 11- fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk oDr ?kVuk e`rd ds Åij leLr vihykFkhZx.k o izksQkekZ jsLiksaMsaV la[;k&3 o 4 lfgr dqy 5 vkfJr ekurs gq, e`rd ds O;fDrxr [kpZ dh dVkSrh ds en eas 1@4 Hkkx dh dVkSrh dh xbZ gS] ftlesa ge dksbZ gLr{ksi fd;k tkuk mfpr ugha le>rs gSaA rn~uqlkj 33]074@&#i;s dk 1@4 Hkkx 8]268@&#i;s gksrk gS] ftls fu/kkZfjr ekfld vk; esa ls ?kVkus ds mijkar vkfJr vk; dh 'ks"k jkf'k 24]806@&#i;s gksrh gSA fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk e`rd dh vk;q 30 o"kZ fu/kkZfjr dh xbZ gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa ljyk oekZ o vU; cuke nsgyh VªklaiksVZ dkWiksZjs'ku o vU; fjiksVsZM bu ¼2009½ 6 ,l-lh-lh- 121 rFkk iz.k; lsBh ¼mijksDr½ ds ekeys esa izfrikfnr fl)kUr ds vk/kkj ij e`rd dh vk;q dks n`f"Vxr j[krs gq, 17 dk xq.kd yxk;k tkuk visf{kr gSA rn~uqlkj e`rd [2026:RJ-JP:5168] (6 of 8) [CMA-3899/2025] dh fu/kkZfjr vk; 24]806@& #i;s ds vk/kkj ij vihykFkhZx.k dks gksus okyh vkfJr vk; dh dqy {kfr 24]806 x 12 x 17 = 50]60]424@&#i;s gksrh gS tks vihykFkhZx.k izkIr djus ds vf/kdkjh gSaA 12- fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk dalksfVZ;e dh en esa leLr vihykFkhZx.k dks dqy 40]000@& #i;s dh jkf'k fnyokbZ x;h gSA ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; ds U;kf;d n`"Vkar iz.k; lsBh ¼mijksDr½ o ;wukbZVsM bf.M;k ba';ksjsal dEiuh fyfeVsM cuke lfrUnj dkSj mQZ lrfoUnj dkSj o vU; fjiksVsZM bu ¼2021½ 11 ,llhlh 780 o vU; U;kf;d n`"Vkar esxek tujy ba';ksjsal dEiuh fyfeVsM cuke ukuw jke mQZ pqg: jke o vU; fjiksVsZM bu ¼2018½ 18 ,llhlh 130 ds ekeyksa esa izfrikfnr fl)kUr ds vuqlkj izR;sd vkfJr dks 40]000@& #i;s dalksfVZ;e dh en esa fnyok;s tkus dk fl)kUr izfrikfnr fd;k x;k gSA 13- bl laca/k esa fo}ku vf/koDrk vihykFkhZx.k dh vksj ls O;Dr fd;k x;k gS fd iz.k; lsBh ¼mijksDr½ esa fn;s x;s fn'kk&funsZ'kksa ds vuqlkj izR;sd 3 o"kZ esa dalksfVZ;e] vafre laLdkj o lEink dh gkfu dh en esa 10 izfr'kr jkf'k c<+k;s tkus dk vkns'k fn;k x;k gS] blfy, bl ekeys esa Hkh mDr enksa esa 10 izfr'kr dh o`f) dh tkdj {kfriwfrZ jkf'k fnykbZ tkosA 14- tgka rd dalksfVZ;e dh en esa] vafre laLdkj rFkk lEink dh gkfu ds en esa fnyokbZ x;h jkf'k esa c<+ksrjh fd;s tkus dk iz'u gS rks bl laca/k esa ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; }kjk U;kf;d n`"Vkar glhuk ;kLehu o vU; cuke us'kuy ba';ksjsal dEiuh fyfeVsM o vU; fjiksVsZM bu 2025 ,l-lh-lh- vkWuykbZu ,l-lh- 2919 esa fuEufyf[kr er O;Dr fd;k x;k gS fd %& "7. According to us, the Constitution Bench decision only provided for an enhancement of 10% in every three-year period with respect to accidents which occurred after 2017, the first enhancement being applied in 2020. Otherwise, as is indicated in the cited decision; which we find, with due respect, difficult to accept, the accident in 2010 is applied with a 10% increase when it is [2026:RJ-JP:5168] (7 of 8) [CMA-3899/2025] disposed of in 2020 and a further 10% increase if the matter is finally disposed of in 2023. This with due respect is not the purport of the decision in Pranay Sethi1, as we understand it. There cannot be any enhancement made with respect to an accident which occurred in the year 1998, since the compensation for loss of estate and consortium as also expenses incurred for funeral is as on that date, which has been standardized by Pranay Sethi at 15,000/-, 40,000/- & 15,000/-, the delay in payment of which is compensated by the interest directed to be paid." 15- gLrxr ekeys dh ?kVuk fnukad 29-03-2022 dh gSA ,slh fLFkfr ;g U;k;ky;] ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; ds U;kf;d n`"Vkar glhuk ;kLehu ¼mijksDr½] iz.k; lsBh ¼mijksDr½] lfrUnj dkSj mQZ lrfoUnj dkSj ¼mijksDr½ o ukuw jke mQZ pqg: jke ¼mijksDr½ ds ekeyksa esa izfrikfnr fl)kUr ds vuqlkj e`rd dh iRuh izksQkekZ jsLiksaMsaV la[;k&1 dks ^^Likml dalksfVZ;e** dh en esa 44]000@& #i;s] e`rd dh iqf=;ka vihykFkhZ la[;k&3 o izksQkekZ jsLiksaMsaV la[;k&4 dks ^^iSjs.Vy dalksfVZ;e** dh en esa izR;sd dks 44]000@& #i;s o e`rd ds firk o ekrk vihykFkhZ la[;k&1 o 2 dks ^^fQyh;y dalksfVZ;e** dh en esa izR;sd dks 44]000@& #i;s ¼dqy 2]20]000@& #i;s½ dh jkf'k fnyok;k tkuk mfpr le>rs gSaA 16- fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk vihykFkhZx.k dks vafre laLdkj dh en esa 15]000@& #i;s rFkk lEink dh gkfu ds en esa 15]000@& #i;s dh jkf'k fnyokbZ x;h gSA vr% vafre laLdkj dh en esa rFkk lEink dh gkfu ds en esa ge] iz.k; lsBh ¼mijksDr½ ds ekeys esa izfrikfnr fl)kUr ds vuqlkj 16]500&16]500@& #i;s ¼dqy 33]000@& #i;s½ dh jkf'k vihykFkhZx.k dks fnyok;k tkuk mfpr le>rs gSaA 17- mDrkuqlkj vihykFkhZx.k dh vksj ls lafLFkr dh xbZ mDr vihy dks vkaf'kd :i ls Lohdkj fd;k tkdj vihykFkhZx.k fuEu izdkj ls {kfriwfrZ jkf'k izkIr djus ds vf/kdkjh gSa %& [2026:RJ-JP:5168] (8 of 8) [CMA-3899/2025] Øe la- 'kh"kZ@en bl fu.kZ; ds rgr fu/kkZfjr dh x;h jkf’k ¼:i;s esa½ 1- vkfJr vk; dh {kfr ds en esa 50]60]424@& 2- dalksfVZ;e ds en esa dqy 2]20]000@& 3- vafre laLdkj ds en esa 16]500@& 4- lEink dh gkfu ds en esa 16]500@& bl U;k;ky; }kjk fu/kkZfjr dh xbZ dqy {kfriwfrZ jkf'k 53]13]424@& fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk fnyokbZ xbZ {kfriwfrZ jkf'k ¼&½ 16]46]104@& c<+ksrjh i'pkr {kfriwfrZ jkf'k esa varj 36]67]320@& 18- rnuqlkj ;g vihy vkaf’kd :i ls Lohdkj dh tkdj fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk ikfjr iapkV] ftlds }kjk vihykFkhZx.k@DysesaV~l dks 16]46]104@& :i;s fnyok;s tkus dk vkns'k ikfjr fd;k x;k gS] ds LFkku ij 53]13]424@& :i;s dk iapkV ikfjr fd;k tkrk gSA mDr jkf'k ij fu;ekuqlkj vk;dj dVkSrh dh tk,xhA vihykFkhZx.k }kjk iwoZ esa izkIr dh x;h jkf’k dks iapkV jkf’k esa ls lek;ksftr fd;k tkdj 'ks"k jkf’k vihykFkhZ izkIr djus ds vf/kdkjh ik;s tkrs gSaA 19- bl vkns'k }kjk c<+kbZ xbZ {kfriwfrZ jkf'k ij ;kfpdk nk;j djus dh frfFk ls vihykFkhZx.k 8 izfr'kr okf"kZd C;kt izkIr djus ds vf/kdkjh gSaA 20- rnuqlkj ;g vihy fuLrkfjr dh tkrh gSA 21- lHkh yfEcr izkFkZuk&i=ksa dks Hkh mijksDrkuqlkj fuLrkfjr fd;k tkrk gSA (ASHUTOSH KUMAR),J KESHAV VERMA /45