[2026:RJ-JP:1628] HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE FOR RAJASTHAN BENCH AT JAIPUR S.B. Civil Miscellaneous Appeal No. 2745/2006 Chhoti Lal S/o Shri Gopal Gurjar, Aged About 26 years, R/o Dhani Raglatan, Jamba Ramgarh, District Jaipur. ----Appellant Versus 1. Alladeen S/o Shri Mehboob Khan, R/o Talav Gaon, District Bundi. 2. Prabhu Dayal S/o Shri Birdu Ram, R/o Naya Bus Stand, Shahpura, Jaipur. 3. Ratan Lal S/o Shri Mangi Lal, R/o Naya Bus Stand, Shahpura, District Jaipur. 4. National Insurance Company Through Its Branch Manager, Branch Office, Sawaimadhopur. ----Respondents For Appellant(s) : Mr. Lakshya Kumar Sharma, Adv. For Mr. L.L. Gupta, Adv. For Respondent(s) : Ms. Manju Jain, Adv. (For Insurance Company) HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE ASHUTOSH KUMAR Order 07/01/2026 1- vihykFkhZ NksVh yky dh vksj ls ;g vihy /kkjk 173 eksVj okgu vf/kfu;e&1988 ds rgr U;k;ky; vij ftyk U;k;k/kh'k ¼QkLV Vªsd½ la[;k 3] Vksad ¼eksVj nq?kZVuk okn vf/kdj.k½] ¼ftls vkxs ^fo}ku vf/kdj.k* ds uke ls lacksf/kr fd;k tk,xk½ }kjk Dyse ;kfpdk la[;k&75@05 ¼452@2004½] NksVh yky cuke vYyknhu o vU; esa ikfjr fu.kZ; fnukad 02-02-2006 ds fo#) izLrqr dh xbZ gSA 2- vihykFkhZ NksVh yky }kjk fo}ku vf/kdj.k ds le{k] Lo;a ds eksVj okgu nq?kZVuk esa vkgr gks tkus ds QyLo:i dqy 19]80]000@& #i;s Dyse izkIr djus gsrq Dyse ;kfpdk izLrqr dh x;h FkhA fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk mDr Dyse ;kfpdk esa vihykFkhZ dks dqy 5]500@& #i;s [2026:RJ-JP:1628] (2 of 8) [CMA-2745/2006] dh {kfriwfrZ jkf’k e; C;kt 6 izfr’kr lkykuk C;kt dh nj ls fnyokbZ x;h gSA fo}ku vf/kdj.k ds mDr vk{ksfir fu.kZ; ls O;fFkr gksdj gLrxr vihy] vihykFkhZ dh vksj ls {kfriwfrZ jkf'k esa c<+ksrjh fd;s tkus gsrq izLrqr dh x;h gSA 3- nkSjkus cgl fo}ku vf/koDrk vihykFkhZ dk rdZ jgk fd fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk vihykFkhZ dh oDr nq?kZVuk ;ksxnk;h mis{kk ekuh tkdj dqy {kfriwfrZ jkf'k esa ipkl izfr'kr dh dVkSRkh dj xaHkhj =qfV dkfjr dh gSA tcfd oDr nq?kZVuk vihykFkhZ Vªd uacj vkjts&2th&2884 esa cSBdj tk jgk FkkA fo}ku vf/koDrk vihykFkhZ dk ;g Hkh rdZ jgk gS fd mDr nq?kZVuk esa vihykFkhZ ds 'kjhj ij 7-5 izfr'kr LFkkbZ fu;ksZX;rk dkfjr gqbZ gS] fdUrq fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk vihykFkhZ ds LFkkbZ fu;ksZX;rk izek.k i= izn'kZ&9 ij fo'okl ugha fd;k tkdj o vihykFkhZ dks Hkfo"; dh vk; dh {kfr ds en esa dksbZ jkf'k ugha fnyokbZ tkdj =qfV dkfjr dh gSA fo}ku vf/koDrk vihykFkhZ dk ;g Hkh rdZ jgk gS fd fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk 'kkjhfjd o ekufld ihM+k dh en esa] Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh lq[k&lqfo/kk dh deh ds en esa rFkk vU; enksa esa Hkh leqfpr jkf'k ugha fnyokbZ xbZ gS] ftuesa c<+ksrjh dh tkosA vr% vihykFkhZ dh vksj ls izLrqr vihy Lohdkj dh tkdj {kfriwfrZ jkf'k esa c<+ksrjh fd;s tkus dh izkFkZuk dh x;hA 4- blds foijhr fo}ku vf/koDrk izR;FkhZ chek dEiuh dh vksj ls vihykFkhZ ds mijksDr rdksZa dk fojks/k djrs gq, fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk ikfjr fd;s x;s fu.kZ; dh iqf"V fd;s tkus rFkk vihykFkhZ dh vksj ls lafLFkr dh x;h vihy dks fujLr fd;s tkus dk fuosnu fd;k x;kA 5- nksuksa i{kksa dh cgl lquh x;hA i=koyh dk voyksdu fd;k x;kA 6- gLrxr ekeys dh nq?kZVuk esa vihykFkhZ dks dkfjr gqbZ pksVksa ds QyLOk:i mlds 'kjhj ij dqy 7-5 izfr'kr dh LFkkbZ fu;ksZX;rk vkuk ik;k x;k gSA eksVj nq?kZVuk esa vkgr O;fDr;ksa dks {kfriwfrZ fnyok;s tkus ds lanHkZ esa ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; }kjk vius U;kf;d n`"Vkar Anant Son of Sidheswar Dukre Vs. Pratap son of Zhampannappa Lamzane & Anr. Reported in (2018) 9 Supreme Court Cases 450, esa fl)kUr izfrikfnr fd;k gS tks fuEu izdkj ls gS %& [2026:RJ-JP:1628] (3 of 8) [CMA-2745/2006] “12. In case of motor accidents leading to injuries and disablements, it is a well settled principle that a person must not only be compensated for his physical injury, but also for the non-pecuniary losses which he has suffered due to the injury. The claimant is entitled to be compensated for his inability to lead a full life, and enjoy those things and amenities which he would have enjoyed, but for the injuries." "13. The purpose of compensation under the Motor Vehicles Act is to fully and adequately restore the aggrieved to the position prior to the accident. This Court in Yadava Kumar v. National Insurance Co. Ltd. explained “just compensation” in the following words:" "15. It goes without saying that in matters of determination of compensation both the tribunal and the court are statutorily charged with a responsibility of fixing a “just compensation”. It is obviously true that determination of a just compensation cannot be equated to a bonanza. At the same time the concept of “just compensation” obviously suggests application of fair and equitable principles and a reasonable approach on the part of the tribunals and courts. This reasonableness on the part of the tribunal and court must be on a large peripheral field.” 7- i=koyh ds voyksdu ls izdV gksrk gS fd ekeys dh ?kVuk fnukad 12-11-2003 dh crkbZ x;h gS rFkk oDr ?kVuk vihykFkhZ }kjk Lo;a dks 25 o"khZ; vk;q dk gksuk crkrs gq, etnwjh o [ksrh dk dk;Z dj 6]000@& :i;s ekfld vk; vftZr crk;k x;k gSA fdUrq viuh vk; ds laca/k esa vihykFkhZ dh vksj ls fo}ku vf/kdj.k ds le{k dksbZ Bksl lk{; izLrqr ugha dh x;h gSA bu ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk vihykFkhZ dh vk; mldh U;wure etnwjh ds vk/kkj 73@& :i;s izfrfnu fu/kkZfjr dh xbZ gS] tks mfpr gSA oDr ?kVuk vdq'ky Jfed dh nSfud vk; 73@& #i;s] rn~uqlkj ekfld vk; 2]190@& #i;s gksrh gSA fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk vihykFkhZ dh fu/kkZfjr ekfld vk; esa Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh vk; dh dksbZ [2026:RJ-JP:1628] (4 of 8) [CMA-2745/2006] c<+ksrjh ugha dh x;h gSA oDr ?kVuk vihykFkhZ dk vk;q 25 o"khZ; Lofu;ksftr O;olk;h gksuk tkfgj gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa us'kuy ba';ksjsal dEiuh fyfeVsM cuke iz.k; lsBh o vU;% ¼2017½ 16 ,l-lh-lh- 680 esa izfrikfnr fl)kUr ds vuqlkj vihykFkhZ dh vk;q dks n`f"Vxr j[krs gq, mldh fu/kkZfjr ekfld vk; 2]190@& #i;s esa 40 izfr'kr vFkkZr 876@& #i;s dh c<+ksrjh fd;k tkuk visf{kr gSA mDr 40 izfr'kr jkf'k dks fu/kkZfjr ekfld vk; esa tksM+s tkus ds mijkar vihykFkhZ dh dqy 'kq) ekfld vk; 3]066@& #i;s gksrh gS] tks {kfriwfrZ fu/kkZj.k dk vk/kkj jgsxhA 8- gLrxr nq?kZVuk esa vihykFkhZ ds cka;s iSj] vka[k ,oa 'kjhj ds vU; Hkkxksa ij pksVsa gksuk tkfgj gSA ftuds lkewfgd izHkko ls vihykFkhZ ds 'kjhj esa dqy 7-5 izfr’kr LFkk;h fu;ksZX;rk vkuk ik;k x;k gS] tSlk fd LFkkbZ fu;ksZX;rk izek.k i= izn'kZ&9 ds voyksdu ls Li"V gSA pwafd vihykFkhZ dks etnwjh o [ksrh dk dk;Z djuk crk;k x;k gS rFkk nq?kZVuk esa mlds ck;sa iSj esa pksV dkfjr gqbZ gS] ,slh fLFkfr esa fuf’pr :i ls vihykFkhZ dks Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh vk; esa deh gksuk LokHkkfod gSA vr% vihykFkhZ dks 7-5 izfr'kr LFkkbZ fu;ksZX;rk gksus ds vk/kkj ij ge] vihykFkhZ dks vk; dh {kfr Hkh 7-5 izfr’kr gksuk ikrs gSaA rn~uqlkj vihykFkhZ dh ekfld vk; 3]066@& #i;s dk 7-5 izfr’kr 230@& #i;s gksrk gS] tks vihykFkhZ dks Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh vk; dh ekfld {kfr gSA oDr ?kVuk vihykFkhZ dh vk;q 25 o"kZ gksuk tkfgj gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa ljyk oekZ o vU; cuke nsgyh VªkaliksVZ dkWiksZjs'ku o vU; fjiksVsZM bu ¼2009½ 6 ,l-lh-lh- 121 rFkk iz.k; lsBh ¼mijksDr½ ds ekeyksa esa izfrikfnr fl)kUr ds vuqlkj vihykFkhZ dks Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh vk; dh {kfriwfrZ dh x.kuk gsrq vihykFkhZ dh vk;q dks n`f"Vxr j[krs gq, 18 dk xq.kd yxk;k tkuk visf{kr gSA rn~uqlkj vihykFkhZ dks Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh vk; dh dqy {kfr 230 x 12 x 18 = 49]680@& #i;s gksrh gS tks vihykFkhZ izkIr djus dk vf/kdkjh gSA [2026:RJ-JP:1628] (5 of 8) [CMA-2745/2006] 9- fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk vihykFkhZ dks 'kkjhfjd o ekufld ihM+k dh en esa 7]000@& :i;s] 2 fnu vLirky esa HkrhZ jgus dh en esa 146@& :i;s] vihykFkhZ }kjk izLrqr esfMdy fcYl dh en esa 2]400@& :i;s rFkk vU; O;; dh en esa 1]454@& #i;s dh jkf'k fnyokbZ xbZ gS] vr% mDr enksa esa fnyokbZ xbZ jkf'k esa ge dksbZ gLr{ksi fd;k tkuk mfpr ugha le>rs gSaA 10- fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk vihykFkhZ dks Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh lq[k&lqfo/kk dh deh ds en esa] ikSf"Vd vkgkj dh en esa rFkk ifjogu o ;krk;kr dh en esa dksbZ jkf'k ugha fnyokbZ xbZ gSA vr% ge vihykFkhZ dks Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh lq[k&lqfo/kk dh deh dh en esa 7]000@& #i;s] ikSf"Vd vkgkj dh en esa 5]000@& #i;s rFkk ifjogu o ;krk;kr dh en esa 5]000@& #i;s dh jkf'k i`Fkd ls fnyok;k tkuk mfpr le>rs gSaA 11- fo}ku vf/koDrk vihykFkhZ@vkgr dh vksj ls ;g rdZ izLrqr fd;k x;k gS fd oDr ?kVuk vihykFkhZ@vkgr Lo;a nq?kZVukxzLr okgu vkj-ts-&2th&2884 ugha pyk jgk Fkk] cfYd og nq?kZVukxzLr okgu esa cSBk Fkk] ,slh fLFkfr esa fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk ekeys dh nq?kZVuk esa vihykFkhZ@vkgr dh Hkh 50 izfr'kr ;ksxnk;h mis{kk ekuh tkdj dqy {kfriwfrZ jkf'k esa 50 izfr'kr dh =qfV dkfjr dh x;h gSA bl laca/k esa gekjk ekuuk ;g gS fd ekeys ds rF;ksa ds vuqlkj vihykFkhZ NksVh yky oDr ?kVuk dksbZ okgu ugha pyk jgk Fkk] cfYd nq?kZVukxzLr okgu Vªd esa cSBk Fkk] bl dkj.k vihykFkhZ@vkgr NksVh yky dh ;ksxnk;h mis{kk dk rks iz’u gh ugha mBrkA vf/kd ls vf/kd ;g ekeyk ^^dEiksftV usXyhtsal** dk ekuk tk ldrk gSA ^^dEiksftV usXyhtsal** ds ekeys esa ihfM+r O;fDr@DysesaV] nq?kZVuk esa fyIr nksuksa okguksa ds pkyd] Lokeh o chek dEiuh vkfn vFkok fdlh ,d okgu ds pkyd] Lokeh] chek dEiuh ds fo#) Dyse ;kfpdk izLrqr dj ldrk gS o lEiw.kZ Dyse jkf’k izkIr dj ldrk gSA tSlk fd fl)kUr mPpre U;k;ky; us vius U;kf;d n`"Vkar Khenyei Vs. New India Assurance Company Limited & Ors. [2026:RJ-JP:1628] (6 of 8) [CMA-2745/2006] reported in (2015) 9 Supreme Court Cases 273, ds ekeys esa izfrikfnr fd;k x;k gS %& “22.1. In the case of composite negligence, the plaintiff/claimant is entitled to sue both or any one of the joint tortfeasors and to recover the entire compensation as liability of joint tortfeasors is joint and several. 22.2. In the case of composite negligence, apportionment of compensation between two tortfeasors vis-a-vis the plaintiff/claimant is not permissible. He can recover at his option whole damages from any of them. 22.3. In case all the joint tortfeasors have been impleaded and evidence is sufficient, it is open to the court/Tribunal to determine inter se extent of composite negligence of the drivers. However, determination of the extent of negligence between the joint tortfeasors is only for the purpose of their inter se liability so that one may recover the sum from the other after making whole of the payment to the plaintiff/claimant to the extent it has satisfied the liability of the other. In case both of them have been impleaded and the apportionment/extent of their negligence has been determined by the court/Tribunal. In the main case one joint tortfeasor can recover the amount from the other in the execution proceedings. 22.4. It would not be appropriate for the court/Tribunal to determine the extent of composite negligence of the drivers of two vehicles in the absence of impleadment of other joint tortfeasors. In such a case, impleaded joint tortfeasor should be left. In case both of them have been impleaded and the apportionment/extent of their negligence has been determined by the court/Tribunal. In the main case one joint tortfeasor can recover the amount from the other in the execution proceedings. 22.4. It would not be appropriate for the court/Tribunal to determine the extent of composite negligence of the drivers of two vehicles in the absence of impleadment of other joint tortfeasors. In such a case, impleaded joint tortfeasor should be left. In case be so desires, to sue the other joint tortfeasor in independent proceedings after passing of the decree or award.” 12- mijksDr U;kf;d n`"Vkar esa izfrikfnr fl)kUr ls Li"V gS fd vihykFkhZ@vkgr NksVh yky tks fd nq?kZVukxzLr okgu Vªd esa cSBk Fkk] dh fdlh Hkh izdkj ls ;ksxnk;h mis{kk ugha ekuh tk ldrh rFkk [2026:RJ-JP:1628] (7 of 8) [CMA-2745/2006] vihykFkhZ@vkgr }kjk nq?kZVukxzLr okgu ds pkyd] Lokeh o chek dEiuh dks i{kdkj ugha cuk;s tkus ls mlds i{k esa fu/kkZfjr {kfriwfrZ jkf’k esa fdlh Hkh izdkj dh dksbZ dVkSrh ugha dh tk ldrhA fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk vius vk{ksfir fu.kZ; esa vihykFkhZ@vkgr dh tks la;qDr mis{kk ekuh tkdj fu/kkZfjr {kfriwfrZ jkf'k esa ls 50 izfr'kr dh dVkSrh dh gS] og =qfViw.kZ gSA bl U;k;ky; }kjk vihykFkhZ@vkgr NksVh yky dh dksbZ la;qDr mis{kk ekeys dh ?kVuk esa ugha ekuh x;h gSA vr% bl U;k;ky; }kjk fu/kkZfjr lEiw.kZ 100 izfr'kr {kfriwfrZ jkf'k] vihykFkhZ@vkgr NksVh yky izkIr djus dk vf/kdkjh ik;k tkrk gSA 13- mDrkuqlkj vihykFkhZ@DysesaV fuEu izdkj ls {kfriwfrZ jkf'k izkIr djus dk vf/kdkjh gS %& Øe la[;k 'kh"kZ@en bl fu.kZ; ds rgr fu/kkZfjr dh x;h jkf’k 1- Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh vk; vtZu dh {kerk esa deh ds en esa 49]680@& :Ik;s 2- 'kkjhfjd o ekufld ihM+k dh en esa 7]000@& #i;s 3- Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh lq[k&lqfo/kk dh deh ds en esa 7]000@& #i;s 4- ikSf"Vd vkgkj dh en esa 5]000@& #i;s 5- ifjogu ,oa ;krk;kr dh en esa 5]000@& #i;s 6- nks fnu vLirky esa HkrhZ jgus dh en esa 146@& #i;ss 7- esfMdy fcYl dh en esa 2]400@& #i;ss 8- vU; O;; dh en esa 1]454@& :i;s 9- bl U;k;ky; }kjk fu/kkZfjr dh xbZ {kfriwfrZ jkf'k 77]680@& #i;s 10- fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk fnyokbZ xbZ {kfriwfrZ jkf'k 5]500@& #i;s 11- c<+ksrjh i'pkr {kfriwfrZ jkf'k esa varj 72]180@& #i;s 14- rnuqlkj ;g vihy vkaf’kd :i ls Lohdkj dh tkdj fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk ikfjr iapkV] ftlds }kjk fd vihykFkhZ@DysesaV dks 5]500@& :i;s fnyok;s tkus dk vkns'k ikfjr fd;k x;k gS] ds LFkku ij 77]680@& :i;s dk iapkV ikfjr fd;k tkrk gSA vihykFkhZ }kjk iwoZ esa izkIr dh x;h jkf’k dks iapkV jkf’k esa ls lek;ksftr fd;k tkdj 'ks"k jkf’k vihykFkhZ izkIr djus dk vf/kdkjh ik;k tkrk gSaA [2026:RJ-JP:1628] (8 of 8) [CMA-2745/2006] 15- bl vkns'k }kjk c<+kbZ xbZ {kfriwfrZ jkf'k ij ;kfpdk nk;j djus dh frfFk ls vihykFkhZ] 8 izfr'kr okf"kZd C;kt izkIr djus dk vf/kdkjh gSaA 16- rnuqlkj ;g vihy fuLrkfjr dh tkrh gSA 17- vkns'k dh izfr ds lkFk izdj.k dk vfHkys[k lacaf/kr vf/kdj.k dks ykSVk;k tkosA 18- lHkh yfEcr izkFkZuk&i=ksa dks Hkh mijksDrkuqlkj fuLrkfjr fd;k tkrk gSA (ASHUTOSH KUMAR),J Badal /44