IN THE HIGH COURT OF HIMACHAL PRADESH, SHIMLA Cr.MMO No.637 of 2026 Date of Decision: 30.06.2026 _______________________________________________________ Virender Sharma …….Petitioner Versus State of H.P. & Ors. …..Respondents _______________________________________________________ Coram: Hon’ble Mr. Justice Sandeep Sharma, Judge. Whether approved for reporting? 1 For the petitioner: Mr. M.A. Safee, Mr. Pranav Kumar Kaushal & Mr. Vivek Sharma, Advocates. For the Respondents: Mr. Anup Rattan, Advocate General with Mr. Vishal Panwar, Mr. B.C. Verma, Additional Advocate Generals, and Mr. Ravi Chauhan, Deputy Advocate General, for respondent No.1-State. Ms. Priyamvada Kaushal, Advocate, for respondents No.2 to 4. _______________________________________________________ Sandeep Sharma, Judge(oral): By way of instant petition filed under Section 528 of Bharatiya Nagrik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 (in short “BNSS”), prayer has been made on behalf of the petitioner (in short “accused”) for quashing of FIR No.187/2024, dated 18.11.2024, under Sections 106, 125(a) and 281 of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, registered at Police Station Ghumarwin, District Bilaspur, H.P., as well as consequent 1Whether the reporters of the local papers may be allowed to see the judgment? 2 proceedings, if any, pending adjudication in the competent court of law, on the basis of the compromise arrived at inter se parties, whereby they have resolved to settle dispute amicably inter se them. 2. Precisely, the facts of the case, as emerge from the pleadings as well as other material adduced on record are that FIR sought to be quashed in the instant proceedings came to be lodged at the behest of respondent No.2, Mr. Vikas Chaudhary (hereinafter to be referred to as ‘complainant’), who claiming himself to be working at Indian Oil Petrol Pump, alleged that on 18.11.2024 at about 11:50 a.m., while he was standing outside the petrol pump, he heard cries and the sound of brakes. He alleged that he immediately rushed towards the road and found a lady lying in an injured condition after having been hit by a vehicle bearing registration No. HP-01M-5293, which, at the relevant time, was allegedly being driven by the accused. Since complainant alleged that accident occurred on account of rash and negligent driving by the petitioner, an FIR under Sections 281 and 125(a) of Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita came to be instituted against him. However, subsequently Section 106 of Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita was also incorporated on account of death of victim/injured. 3. Though, after completion of investigation, Police has already presented challan in the competent court of law against the 3 accused, but before same could be taken to its logical end, parties have entered into compromise, whereby they have resolved to settle the dispute amicably inter se them, as such, accused has approached this Court in the instant proceedings, for quashing of FIR as well as consequent proceedings, if any, pending adjudication in the competent court of law. 4. Despite there being directions issued by this Court to the respondent-State, neither Investigating Officer has come present nor status report has been filed. However, complainant has come present and is represented by Ms. Priyamvada Kaushal, Advocate. Complainant states on oath that he of his own volition and without any external pressure has entered into compromise with the accused, whereby both the parties have resolved to settle dispute amicably inter se them. He states that FIR sought to be quashed is a result of misunderstanding because he never disclosed to the police that accident occurred on account of rash and negligent driving by the accused, rather immediately after the accident, the accused assisted him and the other persons present at the spot in shifting the injured/victim to the hospital. He states that accident did not occur on account of rash and negligent driving of the accused, rather same took place on account of sudden appearance of the injured on the road. He states that LRs of the deceased Smt. Saradhu have already 4 compromised the matter with the accused, and as such, he shall have no objection in case, prayer made for quashing of FIR through instant petition is accepted and accused is acquitted of charges framed against him. While admitting contents of compromise placed on record to be correct, he also admits his signatures thereupon. His statement is taken on record. 5. Respondent No.3 & 4, who are LRs of deceased Smt. Saradhu, have also come present before this Court. They state that they of their own volition and without any external pressure have entered into compromise with the accused, whereby both the parties have resolved to settle dispute amicably inter se them. They state that FIR sought to be quashed is a result of misunderstanding. They state that subsequently, it transpired that accident did not occur on account of rash and negligent driving by the accused, rather same took place on account of sudden appearance of their mother on the road. They state that since accused provided necessary help to them after the accident and took care of their deceased mother, they do not want to prosecute the case further and shall have no objection in case, prayer made for quashing of FIR through instant petition is accepted and accused is acquitted of charges framed against him. While admitting contents of compromise placed on record to be correct, they also 5 admit their signatures thereupon. Their statements are taken on record. 6. After having heard aforesaid statements made on oath by the complainant and respondents No.3 & 4, Mr. Rajan Kahol, learned Additional Advocate General, fairly states that no fruitful purpose would be served in case FIR as well as consequent proceedings pending adjudication in the competent court of law are allowed to sustain, rather pendency of the same may further widen the rift inter se parties. He further states that otherwise also, chances of conviction of the accused are very remote and bleak on account of statement made by the complainant and respondents No.3 & 4 on oath, as such, this court may proceed to pass appropriate orders. 7. The question, which now needs consideration is whether FIR in question can be ordered to be quashed when Hon'ble Apex Court in Narinder Singh and others versus State of Punjab and another (2014) 6 SCC 466 has specifically held that power under Section 482 Cr.P.C (hereinafter to be referred to as the “Code”) is not to be exercised in the cases which involve heinous and serious offences of mental depravity or offences like murder, rape, dacoity, etc., as such offences are not private in nature and have a serious impact on society? 6 8. At this stage, it would be relevant to take note of the judgment passed by Hon'ble Apex Court in Narinder Singh (supra), whereby the Hon’ble Apex Court has formulated guidelines for accepting the settlement and quashing the proceedings or refusing to accept the settlement with direction to continue with the criminal proceedings. Perusal of judgment, referred above, clearly depicts that in para 29.1, Hon’ble Apex Court has returned the findings that power conferred under Section 482 Cr.P.C is to be distinguished from the power which lies in the Court to compound the offences under Section 320 Cr.P.C. No doubt, under Section 482 Cr.P.C, the High Court has inherent power to quash criminal proceedings even in those cases which are not compoundable and where the parties have settled the matter between themselves, however, this power is to be exercised sparingly and with great caution. In para Nos. 29 to 29.7 of the judgment Hon'ble Apex Court has laid down certain parameters to be followed, while compounding offences. 9. Careful perusal of para 29.3 of the judgment suggests that such a power is not to be exercised in the cases which involve heinous and serious offences of mental depravity or offences like murder, rape, dacoity, etc. Such offences are not private in nature and have a serious impact on society. Apart from this, offences committed under special statute like the Prevention of Corruption Act or the 7 offences committed by Public Servants while working in that capacity are not to be quashed merely on the basis of compromise between the victim and the offender. On the other hand, those criminal cases having overwhelmingly and predominantly civil character, particularly arising out of commercial transactions or arising out of matrimonial relationship or family disputes may be quashed when the parties have resolved their entire disputes among themselves. Aforesaid view taken by Hon'ble Apex Court has been further reiterated in Gian Singh v. State of Punjab and anr. (2012) 10 SCC 303. 10. The Hon’ble Apex Court in case Gian Singh supra has held that power of the High Court in quashing of the criminal proceedings or FIR or complaint in exercise of its inherent power is distinct and different from the power of a Criminal Court to compound the offences under Section 320 Cr.P.C. Even in the judgment passed in Narinder Singh’s case, the Hon’ble Apex Court has held that while exercising inherent power of quashment under Section 482 Cr.P.C the Court must have due regard to the nature and gravity of the crime and its social impact and it cautioned the Courts not to exercise the power for quashing proceedings in heinous and serious offences of mental depravity, murder, rape, dacoity etc. However subsequently, the Hon’ble Apex Court in Dimpey Gujral and Ors. vs. Union Territory through Administrator, UT, Chandigarh and Ors. (2013) 8 11 SCC 497 has further reiterated that continuation of criminal proceedings would tantamount to abuse of process of law because the alleged offences are not heinous offences showing extreme depravity nor are they against the society. Hon'ble Apex Court further observed that when offences are of a personal nature, burying them would bring about peace and amity between the two sides. 11. Hon’ble Apex Court in its judgment dated 4th October, 2017, titled as Parbatbhai Aahir @ Parbatbhai Bhimsinhbhai Karmur and others versus State of Gujarat and Another, passed in Criminal Appeal No.1723 of 2017 arising out of SLP(Crl) No.9549 of 2016, reiterated the principles/ parameters laid down in Narinder Singh’s case supra for accepting the settlement and quashing the proceedings. 12. In the case at hand also, offences alleged to have been committed by the accused do not involve offences of moral turpitude or any grave/heinous crime, rather same are petty offences, as such, this Court deems it appropriate to quash the FIR as well as consequential proceedings thereto, especially keeping in view the fact that the accused, complainant and respondents No.3 & 4 have compromised the matter inter se them, in which case, possibility of conviction is remote and no fruitful purpose would be served in continuing with the criminal proceedings. 9 13. Consequently, in view of the aforesaid discussion as well as law laid down by the Hon’ble Apex Court (supra), FIR No.187/2024, dated 18.11.2024, under Sections 106, 125(a) and 281 of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, registered at Police Station Ghumarwin, District Bilaspur, H.P., as well as consequent proceedings, if any, pending adjudication in the competent court of law are quashed and set aside. Accused is acquitted of the charges framed against him. 14. Needless to say, any observations/findings given in the instant judgment shall have no bearing in the claim petition filed by the parties, rather same shall be decided by the competent Court of law in totality of facts as well as evidence collected on record by the prosecution. The petition stands disposed of in the aforesaid terms, alongwith all pending applications. (Sandeep Sharma), Judge June 30, 2026 (sunil)