Branch Manager, Chola Mandalam M. S. General Insurance Company Limited v. Maina Bai, W/o. Late Shri Ramadhin
2025-08-12
Sanjay K Agrawal
body2025
DailyLaw.ai
JUDGMENT : SANJAY K. AGRAWAL, J. 1. The appellant Insurance Company has preferred this appeal under Section 173 of the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 calling in question legality, validity and correctness of the impugned award dated 18-1-2022 passed by the 1 st Additional Motor Accident Claims Tribunal, Rajnandgaon in Claim Case No.183/2016, by which liability to pay a total compensation of Rs. 11,04,634/- has been fastened upon the Insurance Company. 2. It is the case of the appellant Insurance Company that the deceased was travelling in the goods vehicle which was insured for goods and the deceased was a gratuitous passenger, therefore, the Insurance Company is not responsible, which the Claims Tribunal has rejected and fastened liability upon the Insurance Company against which the present appeal has been preferred. 3. Mr. Ghanshyam Patel, learned counsel appearing for the appellant herein/Insurance Company, would submit that the Claims Tribunal is absolutely unjustified in fastening liability upon the Insurance Company, as the deceased was admittedly, travelling in the goods vehicle and as per the insurance policy Ex.D-1, only driver was covered and third party was also covered, however, the deceased was not covered which has also been proved by Mitesh Kumar (NAW-1), Assistant Law Officer, Chola Mandalam M.S. General Insurance Company Limited, who has clearly stated that only driver and their goods were insured and other than driver and third party was not insured. He would further submit that the deceased was the person sitting as gratuitous passenger in the said goods vehicle, as such, the Insurance Company is not responsible. Therefore, the impugned award is liable to be set aside and the appeal deserves to be allowed. 4. On the other hand, Mr. Rajendra Patel, learned counsel appearing on behalf of respondents No.5 & 6, would oppose the appeal and support the impugned award. 5. I have heard learned counsel for the parties and considered their rival submissions made herein-above and also went through the record with utmost circumspection. 6.
4. On the other hand, Mr. Rajendra Patel, learned counsel appearing on behalf of respondents No.5 & 6, would oppose the appeal and support the impugned award. 5. I have heard learned counsel for the parties and considered their rival submissions made herein-above and also went through the record with utmost circumspection. 6. Admittedly, the deceased was travelling in the goods vehicle and as per the insurance policy Ex.D-1, third party + owner / driver both were covered and no cleaner or other person was covered in the insurance policy which has been affirmed by Mitesh Kumar (NAW- 1), Assistant Law Officer of the appellant Insurance Company, who has clearly stated that the insurance policy only covers driver and third party for whom the insurance was taken and no other person was covered. In that view of the matter, the Insurance Company is not responsible for the death of the deceased. 7. Now, the question is, whether the principle of pay and recover would apply? 8. In this regard, the decision of the Supreme Court in the matter of Anu Bhanvara and others v. Iffco Tokio General Insurance Company Limited and others, (2020) 20 SCC 632 is required to be noticed herein profitably in which the Supreme Court in case of gratuitous passengers in a goods vehicle duly insured has dealt with the question whether payment of compensation is to be made jointly by owner and driver of vehicle, or by insurer, which could thereafter be recovered by insurer from owner and driver, and it has been held as under: - “9. The next question is as to which of the respondents, that is, the owner and driver, or the insurer of the vehicle, would be liable for payment of such compensation. As regard the liability for payment of compensation, it has been contended by the learned counsel for the appellants that since the vehicle was admittedly insured with Respondent 1 insurance company, the principle of pay and recover would be invoked even in case of a gratuitous passenger in a goods vehicle. The insurance company should thus be made liable for the payment of compensation to the appellants and in turn they would have the right to realise/recover the same from the owner and driver of the vehicle.
The insurance company should thus be made liable for the payment of compensation to the appellants and in turn they would have the right to realise/recover the same from the owner and driver of the vehicle. In support of his submission, the learned counsel for the appellants has relied on the following decisions of this Court, namely, Manuara Khatun v. Rajesh Kumar Singh: (2017) 4 SCC 796 : (2017) 2 SCC (Civ) 710 : (2017) 2 SCC (Cri) 492 , Puttappa v. Rama Naik : 2018 SCC OnLine SC 3496 National Insurance Co. Ltd. v. Saju P. Paul : (2013) 2 SCC 41 : (2013) 1 SCC (Civ) 968 : (2013) 1 SCC (Cri) 812 : (2013) 1 SCC (L&S) 399; New India Assurance Co. Ltd. v. Vimal Devi, 2010 SCC OnLine SC 49; National Insurance Co. Ltd. v. Challa Upendra Rao, ( 2004) 8 SCC 517 : 2005 SCC (Cri) 357; New India Assurance Co. Ltd. v. C.M. Jaya, (2002) 2 SCC 278 : 2002 SCC (Cri) 325 and Amrit Lal Sood v. Kaushalya Devi Thapar, (1998) 3 SCC 744 . 10. Per contra, the learned counsel for the respondent insurance company has contended that since the claimants were gratuitous passengers in a goods vehicle, in which case the liability for payment of compensation for death or bodily injury to the passengers of such goods vehicle would not be covered, hence the principle of pay and recover would not apply. It has thus been contended that the order of the High Court is perfectly justified in law and calls for no interference by this Court. In support of her submission, the learned counsel has relied on following decisions, namely, New India Assurance Co. Ltd. v. Asha Rani, (2003) 2 SCC 223 : 2003 SCC (Cri) 493; National Insurance Co. Ltd. v. Baljit Kaur, (2004) 2 SCC 1 : 2004 SCC (Cri) 370; National Insurance Co. Ltd. v. Kaushalaya Devi, (2008) 8 SCC 246 : (2008) 3 SCC (Cri) 467; National Insurance Co. Ltd. v. Rattani, (2009) 2 SCC 75 : (2009) 1 SCC (Civ) 398 : (2009) 1 SCC (Cri) 669; National Insurance Co. Ltd. v. Prema Devi, (2008) 5 SCC 403 : (2008) 2 SCC (Cri) 627; Bharati AXA General Insurance Co. Ltd. v. Aandi, 2018 SCC OnLine Mad 13295 : 2019 ACJ 1975 and Bajaj Allianz General Insurance Co.
Ltd. v. Rattani, (2009) 2 SCC 75 : (2009) 1 SCC (Civ) 398 : (2009) 1 SCC (Cri) 669; National Insurance Co. Ltd. v. Prema Devi, (2008) 5 SCC 403 : (2008) 2 SCC (Cri) 627; Bharati AXA General Insurance Co. Ltd. v. Aandi, 2018 SCC OnLine Mad 13295 : 2019 ACJ 1975 and Bajaj Allianz General Insurance Co. Ltd. v. Lal Singh, 2015 SCC OnLine Del 7508. 11. We have heard the learned counsel for the parties and perused the record as well as the various decisions cited by the learned counsel for the parties. The insurance of the vehicle, though as a goods vehicle, is not disputed by the parties. The claimants in the present case are young children who have suffered permanent disability on account of the injuries sustained in the accident. Thus, keeping in view the peculiar facts and circumstances of this case, we are of the considered view that the principle of “pay and recover” should be directed to be invoked in the present case.” 9. Coming to the facts of the present case, the Supreme Court in Anu Bhanvara (supra) has clearly held that the principle of “pay and recover” is required to be invoked in case of gratuitous passengers also in a goods vehicle. 10. In that view of the matter, the appeal is partly allowed. The appellant Insurance Company is made liable to pay the awarded compensation to the claimants, however, it shall have the right to realise the said amount of compensation from respondents No.5 & 6, driver & owner, respectively, in accordance with law. In conclusion, the appellant Insurance Company is directed to pay/ disburse the awarded compensation to the claimants first and recover the same from driver & owner 50% each. 11. There shall be no order as to costs.