Research › Search › Judgment

High Court of Karnataka · body

2025 DAILYLAW 66708 (KAR)

HANAMANTH S/O POOLSINGH v. GUNDERAO AND ANR

MFA/200990/2019 · 2025-09-18

Shivashankar Amarannavar

body2025

Judgment text

Extracted from the PDF above. The PDF is authoritative.

- 1 - ! " #$ % % "" &%' () "" "" * "" + "" "" ( ) ! ! Digitally signed by KHAJAAMEEN MALAGHAN Location: HIGH COURT OF KARNATAKA - 2 - " # ! # $!# %&'#%()* "%) ! +,"( & $$ % " & "& ") # %,"(& - $$ ## ! $ &. ! (('&(&) " #$ $ ") " $ # ! # $ # """(&(", ! # #! '&(" # # $ #"&)((% "(((((% $ - 3 - ( ) $$ % " & "& ") # %,"(& - ## ! " / *& & # &) # ) ! &" # * # &( - 4 - "' +,"(" 0 # ! # $# %&'#%()* "%) ! +,"(" ! ! $ " . ! &"('&(&* 0 $$ #$ $ ") " $ # ! # # """(&(", #! &(" ! # $ - 5 - *( ) $$ % " & "& ") # %,"(& - ## ! " # " +,"(" & # ! # $# %&'#%()* "%)! +,"(" ! ! $ ". ! ""('&(&* & $$ #$ $ ") " $ # ! # # """(&(", #! ,&(" ! # $ - 6 - +( ) $$ % " & "& ") # %,"(& - ## ! " 0 +,"(" & # ! # $# %&'#%()* "%)! +,"(" ! ! $ ". ! ""('&(&* & $$ #$ $ ") " $ # ! # # """(&(", #! '&(" ! # $ - 7 - ( ) # ( ! ! " # ! # $!# %&'#%()* "%) ! +,"( & $$ % " & "& ") # %,"(& - $$ ## ! $ &. ! (('&(&) " #$ $ ") " $ # ! # $ # """(&(", ! # #! ,&(" # # $ #*(,((% "(((((% $ - 8 - ( ) " #/ *) & # &* ) ! && * # &" &( +,"(" ! ! - 9 - " # ! # $!# %&'#%()* "%) ! +,"( & $$ % " & "& ") # %,"(& - $$ ## ! $ &. ! (('&(&) " #$ $ ") " $ # ! # $ # """(&(", ! # #! &(" # # $ #,',(((% "(((((% $ #$1 # $ # # ! - 10 - # 2# ! #! $ #$3&(&&"&(", #$3&(&&)&(", 456 #$3&(&&*&(",4789:;86<=>?8:5@A745B8B3CD45= B?4;;85E:5E:>@;:4<:;:>=>3D4=>?8B3CD85@4>:35D4@@86:5 #!3&(" #!3,&(" 456 #!3'&(" 64>86"""(&(",<=>?866:>:354;85:37:F:; A6E8 456#4;4<A74E:937>@?37>G7:<A54;1 (& #$3&((','&("' #$3&((''(&("' 456 #$3&((''"&("' 478 9:;86 <= >?8 B;4:C45>@ @88H:5E85?45B8C85>39>?8B3CD85@4>:354@4I47686<= >?87:<A54; () ?894B>@;846:5E>39:;:5E39>?8B;4:CD8>:>:35@ 4784@A5687% ?4>35"('&("4>4<3A>"&)(DC5847;45639 358 ?:F474J 35 4>?4;;: + 4;6?47: 7346 ?45H47 3547 68B84@86 454C45>? B;4:C45> :5 #!3,&(" 456 - 11 - :@?45 B;4:C45> :5 #!3'&(" I878 >74F8;:5E :5 #4?:5674 88D <847:5E 8E3%&'%#%()* >?8 67:F87 39 >?8 @4:6 88D 673F8 >?8 @4C8 :5 4 74@? 456 58E;:E85> C45587?8;3@>B35>73;3F87>?8F8?:B;845664@?86>3>?8 >788@478@A;>>?868B84@86%?45H473547@A@>4:586 E7:8F3A@ :5JA7:8@ 456 6:86 35 >?8 @D3> 456 3>?87 >I3 @A@>4:586E7:8F3A@:5JA7:8@?8;8E4;?8:7@39>?868B84@86 +?45H4735474563>?87>I3I8789:;86B;4:CD8>:>:35@ ?8 7:<A54; 4@@8@@86 >?8 B3CD85@4>:35 456 D4@@86 >?8 4I4764569:K86>?8;:4<:;:>=35>?8:5@A745B8B3CD45=>3 D4=>?84I4764C3A5> (* EE7:8F86 <= >?8 ;:4<:;:>= >3 D4= >?8 B3CD85@4>:35 >?8 :5@A745B8 B3CD45= ?4@ 9:;86 #$3&(&&"&(", #$3&(&&)&(", 456 #$3&(&&*&(", 456 >?8 B;4:C45>@ ?4F8 9:;86 #$3&((','&("' #$3&((''(&("' 456 #$3&((''"&("' 937 85?45B8C85> 39 >?8 B3CD85@4>:35 - 12 - ( 8476 >?8 ;847586 B3A5@8; 937 >?8 4DD8;;45>@ 456>?8;847586B3A5@8;937>?878@D35685>@ (0 847586 B3A5@8; 937 >?8 :5@A745B8 B3CD45= I3A;6 B35>856 >?4> >?8 68B84@86 456 3>?87 >I3 :5JA786 I878 D4@@85E87@ :5 >?8 :5@A786 F8?:B;8 ?8 :5@A745B8 D3;:B=:@4B>3;:B=?868B84@864563>?87>I3:5JA786 I878 D4@@85E87@ 478 53> >?:76 D47>= 456 >?8789378 >?8 :5@A745B8B3CD45=:@53>;:4<;8>3D4=>?8B3CD85@4>:35 4@:5@A745B8B3CD45=?4@B3;;8B>86@((%4@466:>:354; D78C:AC 456 :> :@ ;:4<;8 >3 D4= 35;= @"(((((% D87 D4@@85E87 ( 847586 B3A5@8; 937 >?8 B;4:C45>@ I3A;6 B35>856 >?4> >?8 :5@A745B8 B3CD45= :5 >?8:7 3<J8B>:35@ ?4@53>>4H8545=@AB?B35>85>:35@"+399:B8739>?8 :5@A745B8B3CD45=?4@@>4>86:5?:@8F:685B8>?4>?8?4@ B3;;8B>86 D78C:AC 937 D4@@85E87 456 B35@:687:5E >?8 @4C8>?87:<A54;?4@7:E?>;=94@>8586>?8;:4<:;:>=>3D4= >?84I4764C3A5>35>?8:5@A745B8B3CD45= - 13 - (, 847586 B3A5@8; 937 >?8 B;4:C45>@ I3A;6 B35>856>?4>>?84BB:685>?4@>4H85D;4B8:5>?8=847&(" 456:5B3C89:K86A5687>?8?47>D78D4786937@8>>;8C85> 396:@DA>8@:53H%64;4>?<=>?84754>4H48E4;87F:B8@ A>?37:>=>?853>:354;:5B3C8:@@,(((%?87:<A54; ?4@94:;86>3B35@:687>?8@4:653>:354;:5B3C889A7>?87 B35>856@ >?4> >?8 6:@4<:;:>= >4H85 :5 78@D8B> 39 >?8 B;4:C45> :5 #!3'&(" 4> "(L 8F85 >?3AE? >?8 63B>37 + & ?4@ @>4>86 >?4> >?8 6:@4<:;:>= :@ &'L >?8 6:@4<:;:>=?4@>3<8>4H854>;84@>"&L89A7>?87@A<C:>@ >?4> >?8 B3CD85@4>:35 4I47686 A5687 3>?87 ?846@ :8 D4:5 456 @A9987:5E 4>>85645> B?47E8@ ;3@@ 39 :5B3C8 6A7:5E >?8 ;4:6 AD D87:36 456 ;3@@ 39 4C85:>:8@ 478 35 ;3I87 @:68 8 B35>856@ >?4> >?8 63B>37 ?4@ @>4>86 >?4> :CD;45>@ 478 9:K86 456 937 78C3F4; 39 >?8 @4C8 >?8 B;4:C45> 78MA:786 9A>A78 C86:B4; 8KD85@8@ 456 >?8 7:<A54;?4@53>4I47686>?8B3CD85@4>:35A5687>?8@4:6 ?846 - 14 - (' 847586 B3A5@8; 937 >?8 B;4:C45> 9A7>?87 B35>85686 >?4> >?8 B;4:C45> :5 #!3,&(" ?4@ @A@>4:586 93A7 974B>A78@ & + 3B>37 I?3 :@@A86 >?8 6:@4<:;:>= B87>:9:B4>8 ?4@ @>4>86 >?4> :5JA786 ?4@@A@>4:586 ))L6:@4<:;:>=39>?8I?3;8<36=?87:<A54;?4@87786 :5 >4H:5E >?8 6:@4<:;:>= 4> ""L ?8 6:@4<:;:>= 3AE?> >3 ?4F8 <885 4> ;84@> ")L 8 9A7>?87 @A<C:>@ >?4> >?8 B3CD85@4>:35 4I47686 A5687 3>?87 ?846@ :8 D4:5 456 @A9987:5E 4>>85645> 456 B35F8=45B8 B?47E8@ ;3@@ 39 :5B3C86A7:5E>?8;4:6ADD87:36;3@@394C85:>:8@47835 ;3I87@:68456>?8=78MA:786>3<885?45B86 "( 847586 B3A5@8; 937 >?8 B;4:C45> :5 #!3&("I3A;6B35>856>?4>>?868B84@86?4@;89> 9:F8 68D85685>@ I?3 478 >?8 B;4:C45>@ 35@:687:5E >?8 @4C8 >?8 686AB>:35 >4H85 4> ")76 >3I476@ >?8 D87@354; 8KD85@8@39>?868B84@864564I47639B35@37>:AC47853> - 15 - D73D8789A7>?87@A<C:>@>?4>>?8B;4:C45>@47885>:>;86 >39A>A78D73@D8B>@4>"(L4@D87>?868B:@:3539 !"# $! % & '# ( ) 78D37>86:5*+,-(-:>?>?8@8?8D74=86>3 85?45B8>?8B3CD85@4>:35 "" 4F:5E ?8476 >?8 47EAC85>@ >?:@ 3A7> D87A@86>?8:CDAE586JA6EC85>4567:4;3A7>78B376@ "& ?8:5@A745B8D3;:B=39>?8F8?:B;8:@4>K& ?8399:B8739>?8:5@A745B8B3CD45=?4@<8858K4C:586 4@ & ?8 :5@A745B8 B3CD45= ?4@ B3;;8B>86 >?8 D78C:AC 39 @((% 4@ >3 D4@@85E87@ " ?4@ @>4>86 >?4> >?8 :5@A745B8 B3CD45= ?4@ B3;;8B>86 >?8 D78C:AC >3I476@ :5C4>8@ 39 >?8 F8?:B;8 456 >3I476@ D4@@85E87@ - 16 - ") 5D87A@4;39>?8@>4>8C85>393<J8B>:35@9:;86 <=>?8:5@A745B8B3CD45=:>78F84;@>?4>53@AB?68985@8 ?4@<885>4H85I:>?78E476>3>?8;:4<:;:>=39>?8:5@A745B8 B3CD45= 4@ B35>85686 <= >?8 ;847586 B3A5@8; 937 >?8 :5@A745B8B3CD45=?87:<A54;B35@:687:5E>?894B>>?4> >?8 :5@A745B8 B3CD45= ?4@ B3;;8B>86 @((% D78C:AC 937D4@@85E87@456>?8@4C8?4@<88546C:>>86<=" ?4@ 7:E?>;= 94@>8586>?8 ;:4<:;:>= >3D4=>?8B3CD85@4>:35 4C3A5>35>?8:5@A745B8B3CD45= "* 54;;>?7884DD84;@>?87:<A54;?4@>4H85>?8 :5B3C8 4> @(((% D87 C35>? @ D87 >?8 ?47> D78D4786 <= >?8 4754>4H4 8E4; 87F:B8@ A>?37:>= >?8 53>:354; :5B3C8 9:K86 937 >?8 =847 &(" :@ @,(((% ?8789378 >?8 53>:354; :5B3C8 ?4@ >3 <8 >4H85 4> @,(((% D87 C35>? 4@ 4E4:5@> @(((% 4@ >4H85 <= >?87:<A54; - 17 - ( &%( '% " ?8 :5JA786 I4@ 0( =847@ 3;6 456 ?8 @A998786 974B>A7839@?49>397:E?>98CA7456:CD;45>:@9:K86456?8 ?4@ <885 46C:>>86 :5 >?8 ?3@D:>4; 937 "( 64=@ & + 3B>37 I?3 ?4@ :@@A86 K' + 6:@4<:;:>= B87>:9:B4>8 ?4@ @>4>86 >?4> >?8 B;4:C45> ?4@ @A@>4:586 &'L 6:@4<:;:>= 39 >?8 I?3;8 <36= 35@:687:5E >?8 4E8 456 974B>A78 @A@>4:586 >?8 6:@4<:;:>= >4H85 <= >?8 7:<A54; 4> "(L :@ 53>D73D874564>;84@>:>:@>3<8>4H854>"&L "0 5F:8I39>?8@4C8>?8B;4:C45>:@85>:>;86>3 ;3@@399A>A78:5B3C84@A5687% @,(((%K"&K'K"&LN@"()0,(% " ?8B;4:C45>?4@@A@>4:586>?8974B>A7839@?49> 39 7:E?> 98CA7 B35@:687:5E ?:@ 4E8 >?8 B3CD85@4>:35 4I47686 >3I476@ D4:5 456 @A9987:5E <= >?8 7:<A54; :5 4 @AC 39 @"((((% 456 ;3@@ 39 4C85:>:8@ :5 4 @AC 39 - 18 - @"((((% :@ 53> D73D87 ?8 B;4:C45> :@ 85>:>;86 >3 @&(((% 84B? >3I476@ D4:5 456 @A9987:5E 456 ;3@@ 39 4C85:>:8@ ", ?8 B;4:C45> I4@ 46C:>>86 :5 >?8 ?3@D:>4; 937 "( 64=@ 456 >?8789378 >?8 B;4:C45> :@ 85>:>;86 >3 4>>85645>B?47E8@9336B35F8=45B8B?47E8@6:8>8>B:5 4@AC39@"((((%4@4E4:5@>@(((%4@4I47686<= >?87:<A54; "' ?8 7:<A54; ?4@ 7:E?>;= 4I47686 >?8 B3CD85@4>:35>3I476@C86:B4;8KD85@8@4>@&(0((% &( @ >?8 B;4:C45> :@ 46C:>>86 :5 >?8 ?3@D:>4; 937 "(64=@456?8I4@46F:@86>3>4H878@>?8:@85>:>;86>3 ;3@@39:5B3C86A7:5E>?8;4:6ADD87:36937()C35>?@:54 @AC39@,(((%K)N@&*(((% - 19 - &" ?8 63B>37 ?4@ @>4>86 >?4> >?8 :CD;45>@ 478 9:K86 456 >?8 B;4:C45> ?4@ >3 @D856 45 4C3A5> 39 @)(((% 937 78C3F4; 39 :CD;45>@ 35@:687:5E >?8 @4C8>?8B;4:C45>:@85>:>;86>39A>A78C86:B4;8KD85@8@ 39@)((((% && 5F:8I39>?84<3F8>?8B;4:C45>:@85>:>;86>3 >3>4;B3CD85@4>:354@A5687% , -./0 123-40.564 23-40.564 .7.8/-/9:5;60<85 " 3@@399A>A78:5B3C8 @"()0,(% & 4:5456@A9987:5E @&(((% ) >>85645> 456 B35F8=45B8B?47E8@ @"((((% * #86:B4;8KD85@8@ @&(0((% 3@@ 39 :5B3C8 6A7:5E >?8;4:6ADD87:36 @&*(((% 0 3@@394C85:>:8@ @&(((% $A>A78C86:B4;8KD85@8@ @)((((% 5., 0 * ( &) 5F:8I39>?84<3F8>?8B;4:C45>:@85>:>;86>3 B3CD85@4>:35 39 @&),&,(% 4@ 4E4:5@> @"&)((% 4@4I47686<=>?87:<A54; - 20 - ( &%( '% &* ?8B;4:C45>%:5JA786:@4E86=847@4564@ D87 >?8 I3A56 B87>:9:B4>8 + K 456 >?8 6:@4<:;:>= B87>:9:B4>8+K,?8?4@@A@>4:58693A7974B>A78@456?8 I4@ 46C:>>86 :5 >?8 ?3@D:>4; 937 " 64=@ & + 3B>37 I?3 ?4@ :@@A86 K, + 6:@4<:;:>= B87>:9:B4>8 ?4@ @>4>86 >?4> >?8 B;4:C45> ?4@ @A998786 ))L 39 D87C4585> 6:@4<:;:>= ?8 7:<A54; ?4@ >4H85 6:@4<:;:>= 4> ""L 35@:687:5E>?4>>?8B;4:C45>:@4E86=847@3;6456?8 ?4@@A@>4:58693A7974B>A78@>?86:@4<:;:>=?4@>3<8>4H85 4>")L?87:<A54;?4@>4H85>?8CA;>:D;:874>"":@JA@> 456D73D87 & 5F:8I39>?8@4C8>?8B;4:C45>:@85>:>;86>3 ;3@@399A>A78:5B3C84@A5687% @,(((%K"&K""K")LN@")&,(% - 21 - &0 @>?8B;4:C45>?4@@A@>4:58693A7974B>A78@?8 :@85>:>;86>3B3CD85@4>:35>3I476@D4:5456@A9987:5E:54 @AC 39 @"(((((% 4@ 4E4:5@> @"((((% 4@ 4I47686 <=>?87:<A54; & ?8 B;4:C45> :@ 85>:>;86 >3 B3CD85@4>:35 >3I476@ ;3@@ 39 4C85:>:8@ 4> @"(((((% 4@ 4E4:5@> @"((((%4@4I47686<=>?87:<A54; &, ?8B;4:C45>?4@<88546C:>>86:5>?8?3@D:>4; 937 " 64=@ ?8789378 ?8 :@ 85>:>;86 >3 4>>85645> 456 B35F8=45B8 B?47E8@ :5 4 @AC 39 @"(((% 4@ 4E4:5@> @((%4@4I47686<=>?87:<A54; &' ?8B;4:C45>:@46C:>>86:5>?8?3@D:>4;937" 64=@456?8I4@46F:@86>3>4H878@>?8:@85>:>;86>3;3@@ 39 :5B3C8 6A7:5E >?8 ;4:6 AD D87:36 937 () C35>?@ :8 @,(((% K ) N @&*(((% 4@ 4E4:5@> @)((% 4@ 4I47686<=>?87:<A54; - 22 - )( ?8 7:<A54; ?4@ 7:E?>;= 4I47686 >?8 B3CD85@4>:35>3I476@C86:B4;8KD85@8@4>@&'((% )" 5F:8I39>?84<3F8>?8B;4:C45>:@85>:>;86>3 >3>4;B3CD85@4>:354@A5687% , -./0 123-40.564 23-40.564 .7.8/-/9:5;60<85 " 3@@399A>A78:5B3C8 @")&,(% & 4:5456@A9987:5E @"(((((% ) >>85645> 456 B35F8=45B8B?47E8@ @"(((% * #86:B4;8KD85@8@ @&'((% 3@@ 39 :5B3C8 6A7:5E >?8;4:6ADD87:36 @&*(((% 0 3@@394C85:>:8@ @"(((((% 5., 0= ( )& 5F:8I39>?84<3F8>?8B;4:C45>:@85>:>;86>3 B3CD85@4>:35 39 @0&",(% 4@ 4E4:5@> @*(,((% 4@4I47686<=>?87:<A54; - 23 - ( &% ( '% )) ?8B;4:C45>@478I:9845693A7B?:;678539>?8 68B84@86I?3I4@4E864<3A>(=847@4@35>?864>839 4BB:685>@68D85685>@4789:F8:55AC<87>?8686AB>:35 >3I476@ D87@354; 8KD85@8@ :@ >3 <8 >4H85 4@ "*>? 4@ 4E4:5@>")764@>4H85<=>?87:<A54;?8B;4:C45>@478 85>:>;86>39A>A78D73@D8B>4>"(L4@D87>?868B:@:3539 >?8 351<;8 AD78C8 3A7> :5 >?8 B4@8 39 '# ( ) @AD74 ?8 7:<A54; ?4@ 7:E?>;= >4H85 >?8 CA;>:D;:87 4> ") )* 5F:8I39>?8@4C8>?8B;4:C45>@47885>:>;86 >3;3@@3968D85685B=4@A5687% @,(((%O "(L N @,,((% K "& K ") K )* N @"(&'0((% ) ?8 B;4:C45>@ 478 85>:>;86 >3 B35@37>:AC :5 4 @AC 39 @*((((% 84B? :8 @&(((((% 4@ 4E4:5@> @*((((%4@4I47686<=>?87:<A54; - 24 - )0 ?8 B3CD85@4>:35 4@ 4I47686 <= >?8 7:<A54; 937 ;3F8 456 4998B>:35 :@ 53> 78MA:786 >3 <8 @8D474>8;= 4I47686 ) ?8 7:<A54; ?4@ 7:E?>;= 4I47686 >?8 B3CD85@4>:35 >3I476@ 9A5874; 8KD85@8@ 39 @"(((% 456>3I476@;3@@398@>4>839@"(((% ), 5F:8I39>?84<3F8>?8B;4:C45>@47885>:>;86 >3>3>4;B3CD85@4>:35:@4@A5687%% , -./0 123-40.564 23-40.564 .7.8/-/9:5;60<85 " 3@@3968D85685B= @"(&'0((% & 3@@39B35@37>:AC @&(((((% ) $A5874;8KD85@8@ @"(((% * 3@@398@>4>8 @"(((% 5., 0 =( )' 5F:8I39>?84<3F8>?8B;4:C45>@47885>:>;86 >3 B3CD85@4>:35 39 @"&'0((% 4@ 4E4:5@> @,',(((%4@4I47686<=>?87:<A54; *( 5F:8I39>?84<3F8>?893;;3I:5E. - 25 - ?8 4DD84;@ :5 #$3&(&&"&(", #$3&(&&)&(",456#$3&(&&*&(",9:;86 <=>?8:5@A745B8B3CD45=4786:@C:@@86 ?8 4DD84;@ #$3&((','&("' #$3&((''( &("' 456 #$3&((''"&("' 9:;86 <= >?8 B;4:C45>@4784;;3I86:5D47> ?8 B;4:C45> :5 #$3&((','&("' :5 #!3'&(":@85>:>;86>3>3>4;B3CD85@4>:3539 @&),&,(% 4@ 4E4:5@> @"&)((% 4@ 4I47686 <=>?87:<A54;4;35EI:>?:5>878@>4>>?874>8390L D4973C>?864>839D8>:>:35>:;;:>@784;:P4>:35 ! ?8 B;4:C45>@ :5 #$3&((''"&("' :5 #!3&(" 478 85>:>;86 >3 >3>4; B3CD85@4>:35 39 @"&'0((% 4@ 4E4:5@> @,',(((% 4@ 4I47686 <= >?8 7:<A54; 4;35E I:>? :5>878@> 4> >?8 74>8 39 0L D4 973C >?8 64>8 39 D8>:>:35 >:;; :>@ 784;:P4>:35 - 26 - ! ?8 B;4:C45> :5 #$3&((''(&("' :5 #!3,&(":@85>:>;86>3>3>4;B3CD85@4>:3539 @0&",(% 4@ 4E4:5@> @*(,((% 4@ 4I47686 <=>?87:<A54;4;35EI:>?:5>878@>4>>?874>8390L D4973C>?864>839D8>:>:35>:;;:>@784;:P4>:35 ! ?8 78@D35685> 3& + :5@A745B8 B3CD45= @?4;; 68D3@:> >?8 @4:6 4I476 4C3A5> :5 4;; >?788 B;4:C D8>:>:35@ I:>? :5>878@> <89378 >?8 7:<A54; I:>?:5 (, I88H@973C>?:@64=94:;:5EI?:B?:>:@;:4<;8>3D4= :5>878@>4>>?874>839'LD4 ! ?8 4C3A5> :5 68D3@:> :@ 3768786 >3 <8 >745@C:>>86 >3>?87:<A54; /( & % %' $ :@>3";3&0 !