Research › Search › Judgment
High Court of Karnataka · body
2025 DAILYLAW 58498 (KAR)
THE AUTHORISED OFFICER v. PARWATHI AND ANR
MFA/202404/2023 · 2025-08-05
H P Sandesh, T M Nadaf
body2025
[ 2025 DAILYLAW 58498 (KAR) · dailylaw.ai ]
[ 2025 DAILYLAW 58498 (KAR) · dailylaw.ai ]
Judgment text
Extracted from the PDF above. The PDF is authoritative.
- 1 -
! "#! "#
!! $%& '( !! )
$%&
'
(
! " #$
!%
&'
& (( )
Digitally signed by BASALINGAPPA SHIVARAJ DHUTTARGAON Location: HIGH COURT OF KARNATAKA
- 2 -
*
! (!+%(% !,!! %
&
(( )
! -#
$
* **)**
$+%!*)*)
&
)'
(
! " #
!%
&'
& (( )
! , (!+%(% !!! %
& ((*
- 3 -
* . #)*)**
)))#!# !*)!#( + # )- *)*)
*/ ! ()**)*+
! -#
0
1
* **)**
'
$+%!*)*)
&
,
, 2
2
# ,2
3454 678 9::49;5 9<4 =>;4? @A 634 >B5C<9BD4 D8E:9BA9574;;95634D;9>E9B6959F9>B56634;>9@>;>6A95
- 4 -
74;; 95 634 GC9B6CE 9F9>B56 634 HC?FE4B6 9B? 979<? :9554?@A634<>@CB9;>B
8$+%!*)*) * 34 =9D6C9; E96<>I 8= 634 D954 >5 6396 634 D;9>E9B6 @4=8<4 634 6<>9;
8C<6 73>;4 544J>BF <4;>4= 8= D8E:4B596>8B>BK8J>BF 4D6>8B %%8=D6D8B64B?4? 63969B9DD>?4B679569J4B:;9D48B*+)*)*)96*)) :E 8B 9DD8CB6 8= ?4963 8= 8B4 <> 3<>539>; !8 964 9;;>B963"9;;>J9<HCB9 6>5634D9548=:46>6>8B4<56396 634 58B 8= 634 D;9>E9B6 39? @44B 68 9;9@C<9F> 8B 3>5 E868<DAD;49B?73>;4<46C<B>BF683>5K>;;9F4E467>639B 9DD>?4B6 9B? >::4< @49<>BF 8 (+%(% 73>D3 D9E4=<8E6348::85>64?><4D6>8B9B??9534?9F9>B563>E 959<45C;6345CDDCE@4?68634>BHC<>45 6>59D;9>E8= 634 D;9>E9B6 6396 ?4D4954? 795 39>; 9B? 349;63A :<>8< 68 6349DD>?4B69B?3479549<B>BF5*()))!:4<E8B63 @A ?8>BF 958B 78<J 4BD4 E9?4 634 D;9>E =8< 6869;
D8E:4B596>8B8=5+-%)))! - 5 -
# B <45:8B54 68 634 D;9>E :46>6>8B <45:8B?4B6 8 9::49<4? 63<8CF3 9B 9?K8D964 @C6 395 B86 =>;4? 8@H4D6>8B5C6>B5C<9BD4D8E:9BA=>;4?6348@H4D6>8B9B? 688J 634 D8B64B6>8B 6396 ?<>K4< 8= 634 >::4< 795 B86 39K>BFK9;>??<>K>BF;>D4B549B?634<4>59@<49D38=:8;>DA D8B?>6>8B534D;9>E9B64I9E>B4?@4=8<4634<>@CB9;95 9B? 9;58 F86 E9<J4? I5 68 ) 45:8B?4B6 8* 395 4I9E>B4? 8B4 7>6B455 95 9B? :<8?CD4? I5 68#9B?9;584I9E>B4?8B4E8<47>6B45595* 9B? F86 E9<J4? 634 ?8DCE4B6 95 I+ 34 <>@CB9;
39K>BF D8B5>?4<4? @863 8<9; 9B? ?8DCE4B69<A 4K>?4BD4 9554554? D8E:4B596>8B 8= 5**%*+))! @A D8B5>?4<>BF 634>BD8E4965 +*()!9B?9??4?=C6C<4:<85:4D65@A <4;A>BFC:8B634HC?FE4B658= *9B?9;58 634 !"# $ % + &$
9B?<4F9<?>BF;>9@>;>6A73>;49B574<>BF 634 :8>B6 =8< D8B5>?4<96>8B D8E4 68 634 D8BD;C5>8B 6396
1 *))$
*$ 2 *) - ( (-
- 6 -
634?<>K4<8=634>::4<79539K>BF8B;A6349B?9;58 634*7344;4<;>D4B54@C6B8639K>BF634?<>K>BF;>D4B5468 ?<>K4 9 >::4< 874K4< 634 <>@CB9; 39K>BFD8B5>?4<4? 634 HC?FE4B6 8= C;; 4BD3 8= 63>5
8C<6 >B 634 D954 8= ' ! "# $ %
('' 95 74;; 95 634 HC?FE4B6 8= 8B0@;4 :4I 8C<6 >B 634 D9548=& " ) * +" %,
D8E4568634D8BD;C5>8B6396?4D4954? 7959#<?:9<6A9B?4K4B634<4>5B8;>D4B54=8<8==4B?>BF K43>D;4 68 ?<>K4 B5C<9BD4 D8E:9BA D9B @4 ?><4D64? 68 :9A=><569B?634B<4D8K4<63459E49B?=9564B;>9@>;>6A8B <45:8B?4B6 8 9B? ;>@4<6A 795 F>K4B 68 <4D8K4< 634 59E4=<8E634>B5C<4? + 4>BF 9FF<>4K4? @A 634 HC?FE4B6 9B? 979<? 634 >B5C<9BD4 D8E:9BA E9>B;A D8B64B?4? >B 634 9::49;
6396 634 >BD8E4 795 69J4B >5 8B 3>F34< 5>?4 9B?
9:9<6 =<8E 6396 ;>9@>;>6A 8CF36 B86 68 39K4 =>I4? 8B 634 >B5C<9BD4D8E:9BA5>BD4634<4>59D;49<K>8;96>8B8=:8;>DA
3 *)*)
*(%) 4 *,$&,
- 7 -
D8B?>6>8B5 9B? 634<4 >5 9 @<49D3 8= D8B?>6>8B5 4BD4 8CF36 B86 68 39K4 =9564B 634 ;>9@>;>6A 4K4B =8< :9A 9B? <4D8K4<A9B?34BD4>6<4GC><45>B64<=4<4BD4 ( 634 ;49<B4? D8CB54; 9::49<>BF =8< 634 <45:8B?4B65!D;9>E9B65 78C;? D8B64B? 6396 D8E:4B596>8B 979<?4? @A 634 <>@CB9; >5 K4<A E49F4< 5>BD4347959F4?9@8C6* A49<5958B634?9648=?4963 9B? 34 795 49<B>BF 5*()))! :4< E8B63 @C6 <>@CB9;
D8EE>664? 9B 4<<8< >B 69J>BF 634 >BD8E4 96 5 +())! 9B?34BD4>6<4GC><45>B64<=4<4BD4 % 9K>BF 349<? 634 9::4;;9B6 9B? <45:4D6>K4 D8CB54; 9B? 9;58 8B D8B5>?4<96>8B 8= E964<>9; 8B <4D8<? 634:8>B65639678C;?9<>54=8<D8B5>?4<96>8B8=63>5
8C<6 9<4, > 34634<6346<>@CB9;D8EE>664?9B 4<<8< >B ?><4D6>BF 634 >B5C<9BD4 D8E:9BA 68 :9A 9B? <4D8K4< 634 9E8CB6=<8E<45:8B?4B68 L
- 8 -
>> 34634<634D8E:4B596>8B979<?4? @A 634 <>@CB9; >5 4I8<@>69B6 95 D8B64B?4? @A 634 >B5C<9BD4 D8E:9BAL >>> 34634< 634 <>@CB9; 395 B86 979<?4? HC56 9B? <4958B9@;4 D8E:4B596>8B95D8B64B?4?@A634 D8CB54;9::49<>BF=8<634D;9>E9B6L >K 3968<?4<L - 4 9B574< 68 634 9@8K4 :8>B65 =8< D8B5>?4<96>8B8>B685 '#95B4F96>K49B?:8>B68* 959==><E96>K4=8<634=8;;87>BF<4958B5,
!-./ *, 34 E9>B D8B64B6>8B 8= 634 >B5C<9BD4 D8E:9BA >5 6396 634 ?<>K4< 795 B86 39K>BF 634 K9;>? ?<>K>BF ;>D4BD4 9B? 39K>BF :4<C54? 634 E964<>9; 8B <4D8<?>4I 68+9B?9;586344K>?4BD48= '* >6>5D;49<63963479539K>BF9?<>K>BF;>D4BD48=9B? 9;58*7344;4<@C6B8639K>BF634?<>K>BF;>D4B5468?<>K4 634>::4<C6634=9D6>56396634D;9>E9B659<4634#<? - 9 -
:9<6A 9B? B87 ?>5:C64 7>63 <4F9<? 68 634 =9D6 8= ;>9@>;>6A 9B? 9;58 634 <>@CB9; 73>;4 ?><4D6>BF 68 :9A 9B? <4D8K4< 9;58 69J4B B864 8= HC?FE4B6 8= 9::C05 D954 9B? 8634< HC?FE4B65 73>D3 39K4 @44B <4=4<<4? 9@8K4 9B? :9<6>DC;9<;A69J>BFB8648=634HC?FE4B68=9::C05D954>B :9<9 ?>5DC554? 7>63 <4F9<?5 >>> 6396 >5 634 @<49D3 8= :8;>DA D8B?>6>8B5 4F ?>5GC9;>=>D96>8B 8= ?<>K4< 8< >BK9;>? ?<>K>BF ;>D4BD4 8= 634 ?<>K4< 95 D8B69>B4? >B 5C@54D6>8B *9>> 8= 4D6>8B +$ 395 68 @4 :<8K4? 68 39K4 @44B D8EE>664? @A 634 >B5C<4? =8< 9K8>?>BF ;>9@>;>6A @A 634 >B5C<4< 4<4 9@54BD4 =9J4 8< >BK9;>? ?<>K>BF ;>D4BD4 8< ?>5GC9;>=>D96>8B 8= 634 ?<>K4< =8< ?<>K>BF 96 634 <4;4K9B6 6>E4 9<4 B86 >B 634E54;K45 ?4=4BD45 9K9>;9@;4 68 634 >B5C<4<9F9>B564>634<634>B5C<4?8<63463><?:9<6>458 9K8>?>65;>9@>;>6A6879<?5634>B5C<4?>B5C<4<39568:<8K4 6396 634 >B5C<4? 795 FC>;6A 8= B4F;>F4BD4 9B? =9>;4?
68 4I4<D>54 <4958B9@;4 D9<4 >B 634 E9664< 8= =C;=>;;>BF 634 D8B?>6>8B 8= 634 :8;>DA <4F9<?>BF C54 8= K43>D;45 @A ?C;;A ;>D4B54??<>K4<8<8B4738795B86?>5GC9;>=>4?68?<>K496
- 10 -
634 <4;4K9B6 6>E4 C6 >B 634 :<454B6 D954 8B 39B? 34 795 39K>BF ?<>K>BF ;>D4B54 68 ?<>K4 634 9B? 9;58 >B :9<9F<9:38 $?>5DC554?>B6349:C05D9546396>6>5634 ?C6A D956 C:8B 634 >B5C<9BD4 D8E:9BA 68 5C@ 54<K4 634 4B?58=HC56>D4634>B5C<9BD4D8E:9BA539;;:9A634D;9>E 9E8CB6 979<?4? @A 634 6<>@CB9; 68 634 9::4;;9B65 >B 634 =><56 >B569BD4 7>63 ;>@4<6A 68 <4D8K4< 634 59E4 =<8E 634 87B4< 8= 634 K43>D;4 6396 >5 >B 9DD8<?9BD4 7>63 ;97 9B? 734B5CD3=>B?>BF>5F>K4B>B:9<9F<9:38 9B? $634 K4<AD8B64B6>8B8=634D8CB54;9::49<>BF=8<6349::4;;9B6 6396 634 D8E:9BA >5 B86 ;>9@;4 68 4K4B =8< :9A 9B? <4D8K4<A D9BB86 @4 9DD4:64? 4BD4 74 9B574<4? 634 :8>B68 >B634B4F96>K4 $ !-./ 0 >63<4F9<?68634>B5C<9BD4 D8E:9BA 6396 >BD8E4 795 69J4B >5 5 ++()! 9B? >5 4<<8B48C5 9B? 4K4B 95 :4< 634 4F9;
4<K>D45 C638<>6A D39<6>6>5E4B6>8B4?955 #-()!=8<634A49<*)*)=8< 634CB5J>;;4?;9@8C<9B?34<4>59D9546396634?4D4954? >5B8639K>BF9BA4E:;8AE4B6@C634395@44B6<4964?95
- 11 -
CB5J>;;4?;9@8C<9B?39K>BFD8B5>?4<4?634>BD8E469J4B>6 9::49<5 6396 8CF36 68 39K4 @44B 69J4B 95 5 #-()! >B5649? 8= 5 +())! 9B? 34BD4 634<4 >5 9 =8<D4 >B 634 D8B64B6>8B 8= 634 D8CB54; 9::49<>BF =8< 634 >B5C<9BD4 D8E:9BA 6396 ;>66;4 3>F34< >BD8E4 795 69J4B 73>;4 D9;DC;96>BF63459E434=9D6639634795?>4?966349F4 8= * 9B? <4;4K9B6 EC;6>:;>4< 9;58 69J4B 95 9B? 9;58 =C6C<4 :<85:4D65 9;58 69J4B B864 8= 734B 5CD3 @4>BF 634 D954K4<AD8B64B6>8B8=634D;9>E9B6D8CB54;63968CF3668 39K469J4B634>BD8E48=5*()))!D9BB86@49DD4:64? 34<4 >5 B8 9BA E964<>9; @4=8<4 634
8C<6 6396 34 795 49<B>BF5*())) 96 634 6>E4 8= 634 9DD>?4B6 9B? 34BD4 634 979<? E9?4 @A 634 6<>9;
8C<6 D8B5>?4<>BF 9;; 8634< 95:4D654ID4:669J>BFC:634>BD8E4>6?845B26<4GC><49BA >B64<=4<4BD4 9B? 39K>BF D9;DC;964? 96 634 >BD8E4 8= 5 #-() I +)M >6 D8E45 68 5 $*()! 9B? ()M 9;<49?A ?4?CD64? @A 634 6<>@CB9; <>F36;A 9B? >6 D8E45 68 5$%*(! I * I >6 D8E45 68 5*)-$)))! 34 D8BK4B6>8B9;349?9B?9;588634<349?5=CB4<9;4I:4B545
- 12 -
69J4B5+))))N5 ()))N5 ()))9B?45D9;96>8B 8= D8B5>?4<96>8B 8= )M D8BK4B6>8B9; 349? 8B;A >6 D8E45 685-)))! B9;;>6D8E45685* (%)))9B?34BD4 634 HC?FE4B6 9B? 979<? 8= 634 6<>@CB9; <4GC><45 68 @4 E8?>=>4? 95 5* (%)))! 95 9F9>B56 5**%*+))! 4BD4749B574<4?634:8>B68*>B6349==><E96>K49B? :8>B68#>B634B4F96>K4 ) BK>478=634?>5DC55>8B5E9?49@8K474:955 634=8;;87>BF,
34 9::49;
=>;4? @A 634 >B5C<9BD4 D8E:9BA>59;;874?>B:9<6 34 979<? 9E8CB6 >5 <4?CD4? 68 5* (%)))!959F9>B565**%*+))!9B? 6348<?4<8=:9A9B?<4D8K4<A>5D8B=><E4?
34 9::49; =>;4? @A 634 D;9>E9B6 >5 ?>5E>554? E8CB6 >B ?4:85>6 E9?4 @A 634 >B5C<9BD4 D8E:9BA @4=8<4 63>5
8C<6 >= 9BA 6<9B5E>664? 68 634 6<>@CB9; =8<637>63 9;8BF
- 13 -
7>63 >= 9BA >B64<456 9DD<C4? 34 @9;9BD4 9E8CB6>5:9A9@;47>63>B%744J5=<8E68?9A
1' $!& #
1' $& #
>568, ;8, ,