Research › Search › Judgment
High Court of Karnataka · body
2025 DAILYLAW 50808 (KAR)
KUMMARI CHANDRAKALA AND ORS v. MANAGING DIRECTOR OF NEKRTC
MFA/201670/2024 · 2025-09-09
H P Sandesh, T M Nadaf
body2025
[ 2025 DAILYLAW 50808 (KAR) · dailylaw.ai ]
[ 2025 DAILYLAW 50808 (KAR) · dailylaw.ai ]
Judgment text
Extracted from the PDF above. The PDF is authoritative.
- 1 -
!"
" #$"
#$
""
%&' ()
"" *+,
%&'
(
)
! "
! #$ %
"!!&
! !! "
Digitally signed by BASALINGAPPA SHIVARAJ DHUTTARGAON Location: HIGH COURT OF KARNATAKA
- 2 -
! '"
'! ! (!&
! )#$
! !! " '"
'
! !! " '$"
'
!" !! " '$("
'
! ! ! ! '*"
' (!&
! )#$ %
"&! +
"
! (
! ! "
! ) " ! & $$#$ "
& &
*$$
- 3 -
*+,(
)
! !! " ! '"
'! ! (!&
! )#$
! !! " '"
'
! !! " '"
'
!" !! " '$#"
'
! ! ! ! '*"
' (!&
! )#$ %
"&! - 4 -
#$
%
"!!&
! (
! ! "
! ! "
" ! & $$#$ " ! &
&
,*$$
! !" & ! '
' !- & ! ! !- &
$ '!- &
./0/ 122/130 4/567
,0$$$ 168 ,$*($$953/8:68/;/<=5,6( ,9,=,;
/.5<3/0 <= >## <133567 56 ?:/0=5,6 =./ @:87A/6= 168 1B1;881=/8$$#$56 ,*$$2100/84C
- 5 -
883/65,; 5D53&:87/168& 1=581;./122/1356 ,$$$50953/84C=./122/3316= ,;2,;1=5,6 ,6 =./ 7;,:68 ,9 3514535=C 168 122/13 56
,$*($$ 50 9533/8 4C =./ <315A16=0122/3316=0 ,6 ?:16=:A,9<,A2/601=5,6
./ 81=/ ,9 1<<58/6= 56D,3D/A/6= ,9 D/.5<3/ 8/1=. ,9 :A .5D10./==C 1;/ 6,= 8502:=/ ./ ,63C 8502:=/ 50 56 ;/02/<= ,9 3514535=C 168 ?:16=:A 60,91; 122/3316= ,;2,;1=5,650<,6</;6/8=.1==./6:A4/;,9=./ 4:0 B10 6,= 0=1=/8 56 =./
0 0:<. =./;/ 50 56D,3D/A/6= ,9 =./ D/.5<3/ 4C =./ <315A16=0 168
,;2,;1=5,6506,=35143/=,21C=./<,A2/601=5,6
,91; 122/3316=0<315A16=0 1;/ <,6</;6/8 5= 50 =./<10/,9=./<315A16=0=.1==./<,A2/601=5,61B1;8/8 :68/;133./1801;/5618/?:1=/
!/1;8;5:8.//;567.5@12:;=./3/1;6/8 <,:60/3 122/1;567 9,; =./
,;2,;1=5,6 56 ,$$$ 168 ;5 10D1;1@ 1=. 168
- 6 -
A= 5@1C31EA5 =./ 3/1;6/8 <,:60/3 122/1;567 9,; =./ <315A16=0122/3316=056
,$*($$
;5 :8.//; 567. 5@12:; D/./A/6=3C 0:4A5==/8=.1=56=./
=./;/506,A/6=5,6,9=./4:0 168 5=0 6:A4/; =.1= 5= 50 =./ 0158 4:0 ;/02,60543/ 9,;
<1:0567 =./ 1<<58/6= !,B/D/; =./ 2,35</ .1D/ 953/8 <.1;7/0.//= B./;/4C =./ 4:0 B10 0/5F/8 9;,A !C8/;1418 ./ 1<<58/6= .10 =1G/6 231</ 1= ! /=;,3 :6G:<./61335.5D1;,9H1.//;1418B./;/4C1<<,;8567 =, =./ <,A2315616= 1 4:0 4/3,67567 =, ,;2,;1=5,6 4/567 8;5D/6 4C 5=0 8;5D/; B10 2;,<//8567 9;,A ,A41C =, !C8/;1418 810./8 171560= =./ A,=,;<C<3/ 56 B.5<. 8/</10/8 B10 2;,<//8567 B.5<. .10 ;/0:3=/8 56 0/D/;/ 56@:;5/0 :3=5A1=/3C <1:0567 8/1=. !,B/D/; =./;/ 50 6, A/6=5,6 ,9 6:A4/; ,9 4:0 ./ ,35</ 8:;567 =./ 56D/0=571=5,6<1A/ =, !C8/;1418 168 0/5F/8=./4:0 6 =./0/<5;<:A0=16</05=501<10/,956D,3D/A/6=2316=567,9 D/.5<3/00:<.
=./ ,;2,;1=5,6506,=35143/=,21C16C <,A2/601=5,6 ./ ;54:613 .10 9153/8 =, <,6058/; =.50
- 7 -
102/<=,9=./A1==/;168,63C,6=./7;,:68=.1=<.1;7/ 0.//= .10 4//6 953/8 171560= =./ 4:0 ,9 =./ ,;2,;1=5,6 910=/6/8 =./ 3514535=C =, 21C =./ <,A2/601=5,6 ,6 =./
,;2,;1=5,6 56 =./ 2;/0/6</ ,9 /D58/6</ ,9 0 168 4/567=./8;5D/;168/2,=1617/;.1=121;==./;/50 8/31C,981C056953567=./<,A23156=168=.50102/<=.10 6,=4//6=1G/656=,<,6058/;1=5,64C=./;54:613
:;=./;
=./ ;54:613 .10 1B1;8/8 56=/;/0= 1= =./ ;1=/ ,9 >I 2/;
166:A 168 =./ 01A/ 50 6,= 410/8 ,6 16C ;/10,6567 ,;
A1=/;513 <<,;85673C ./ 0,:7.==, 133,B =./ 122/13 0/= 1058/ =./ ,;8/; 2100/8 4C =./ ;54:613 910=/6567 =./ 3514535=C ,6 =./ ,;2,;1=5,6 =, 21C =./ <,A2/601=5,6 168 ;/8:</=./;1=/,956=/;/0=9;,A>I=,*I * /9:=567=./0:4A5005,60,93/1;6/8<,:60/39,;
=./ 122/3316= ;5 10D1;1@ 1=. B5=. 133 D/./A/6</ 0:4A5==/8=.1==./8/31C563,87567=./<,A23156=.104//6 /E23156/8 4C =./ <,A2315616= ./ ,35</ 8:;567 =./ 56D/0=571=5,6 9,:68 =.1= 5= 50 =./ 4:0 4/3,67567 =, =./
,;2,;1=5,6 <1:0/8 =./ 1<<58/6= ./ 8;5D/; ,9 =./ 4:0
- 8 -
B., .10 4//6 /E1A56/8 10 .10 <3/1;3C 18A5==/8 =.1==./,35</.1D/953/8<.1;7/0.//=171560=.5A168./ B10,6415356=./0158<10/!/.10130,18A5==/856.50 /D58/6</ =.1= ./ B10 0:4@/<=/8 =, 8/21;=A/6=13 /6?:5;C 168./.106,=<.133/67/8=./
10B/3310<.1;7/0.//= 953/8171560=.5A0,130,./.106,=75D/616C<,A23156==, .50.57./;,995<5130,;=./2,35</./0/18A5005,60<3/1;3C 0.,B=.1==./8;5D/;.1018A5==/8=./1<<58/6= ( ,91; 10 50 <,6</;6/8 ./ .10 <3/1;3C 0=1=/8=.1=./.106,=A/6=5,6/8=./61A/,9=./2/;0,6 B.,.1075D/6=./;/2,;=102/; E168=./C.1D/6,= <,68:<=/816C8/21;=A/6=13/6?:5;C56,;8/;=,10</;=156 =.1==./8;5D/;,9=./4:0.106,=<,AA5==/816C1<<58/6= .50 <3/1;3C 0.,B0 =.1= .10 6, 569,;A1=5,6 ;/71;8567=./1<<58/6=!/50@:0=1./1;01C/D58/6</168 .50/D58/6</506,=./329:3=,2;,D/=./<10/10<,6=/68/8 4C=./ ,;2,;1=5,64/9,;/=./;54:613 # ;54:613 .1D567 <,6058/;/8=./ /6=5;/A1=/;513 160B/;/8500:/,171560==./ ,;2,;1=5,6.,38567=.1=
- 9 -
=./8;5D/;,9=./4:00=1=/856=./0158500:/50;/02,60543/ 9,; =./ 1<<58/6= !,B/D/; =./ ;54:613 B.53/ 7;16=567 <,A2/601=5,6 :68/; 133 ./180 6,= <,6058/;/8 =./ 17/ ,9 8/</10/8=.,:7.<,6058/;/8=./56<,A/102/; .1;=4:= 6,=188/89:=:;/2;,02/<=010B/3310$I/0<131=5,6168 122;,2;51=/ <,A2/601=5,6 :68/; =./ <,6D/6=5,613 ./180 5=. =./0/ ./ 0,:7.= =, 133,B =./ 122/13 953/8 4C =./ <315A16=0168/6.16</=./<,A2/601=5,6168850A500=./ 122/13953/84C=./ ,;2,;1=5,6 > !1D567 ./1;8 =./ 3/1;6/8 <,:60/3 9,; =./ 21;=5/02/;:0/84,=.122/13212/;0=./2,56=0=.1=B,:38 1;50/9,;,:;<,6058/;1=5,61;/'
./=./;=./;54:61350@:0=595/856.,38567 =.1=8;5D/;,9=./4:0,9=./ ,;2,;1=5,650 ;/02,60543/ 9,;=./1<<58/6= 168 910=/6567 3514535=C ,6 =./
,;2,;1=5,6 =, 21C <,A2/601=5,6B.53/160B/;567500:/,J
./=./;=./<,A2/601=5,61B1;8/84C=./ ;54:6134/95=B5=.56=.//E2;/005,6,9@:0= <,A2/601=5,6J
- 10 -
./=./; =./ ;54:613 50 @:0=595/8 56 1B1;8567 56=/;/0= 1= >I 21 ,6 =./ <,A2/601=5,61A,:6=J
$ :; 160B/; =, =./ 14,D/ 2,56=0 9,; <,6058/;1=5,61;/10:68/;' ,56=,'6/71=5D/
,56=,'1;=3C56995;A1=5D/9,;=./9,33,B567+ ,56=,'6/71=5D/
"-./*'0<,:384/0//69;,A=./;/<,;80 6,8,:4==./;/506,A/6=5,6,96:A4/;,9D/.5<3/56=./ 168=./;/508/31C,9=.;//81C056953567=./
:= =./<,A2315616=.10/E23156/8=./8/31C<1:0/8563,87567 =./ <,A23156= ./ 1<<58/6= .18 ,<<:;;/8 B./;/56 =./ <,A2315616=3,0=./;4/3,D/8.:04168168=./C1;/:68/;
=./ 7;5/9 168 10 0:<. =./ ;/10,60 9,; 8/31C/8 <,A23156= 1;/1<</2=143/1681<<,;85673C=./01A/B101<</2=/84C =./ ;54:613 ,91; 10 6,6A/6=5,6567 ,9 =./ 6:A4/; ,9
- 11 -
=./4:050<,6</;6/8=./1<<58/6=.10,<<:;;/84/9,;/=./ !
/=;,3 :6G ,6 $$$ 8:;567 =./ 657.= .,:;0 5/ 1= $$ 2A ./ 8;5D/; .10 4//6 /E1A56/8 10 168 /2,= 1617/; 10 56 =./ <;,00 /E1A561=5,6 =./ 8;5D/; .10 <3/1;3C 18A5==/8 =.1= ./ .10 6,= 3,87/8 16C <,A23516= 171560= =./ ;58/; ,9 =./ A,=,;<C<3/6,;./.10<.133/67/8=./
,;<.1;7/0.//= 953/8 171560= .5A 168 ./ B10 0:4@/<=/8 =, 8/21;=A/6=13 /6?:5;C168=./;/506,;/<,;8=,0.,B=.1==./61A/,9 =./ 2/;0,6 B., .10 ;/2,;=/8 =./ ;/2,;= 10 2/; E .1= 121;= =./ ,;2,;1=5,6 .10 6,= =1G/6 16C 2156 =, 0:AA,6 =./ 56D/0=571=567 ,995</; 0:4@/<=567 .5A /E1A561=5,6 =, /35<5= =./ ;/10,6 9,; 953567 <.1;7/0.//= =.,:7.=./;/506,6:A4/;A/6=5,6/856=./
./0/ 0.,;=<,A5670 ,6 =./ 21;= ,9 ,;2,;1=5,6 .10 4//6 <,6058/;/8 4C =./ ;54:613 B.53/ 160B/;567 500:/ , ./ ;54:613 56 5=0 @:87A/6= B.53/ 160B/;567 500:/ , /E=;1<=/8 =./ /D58/6</ ,9 0 168 168 <,6058/;567 =./ 01A/ .10 910=/6/8 =./ 3514535=C ,6 =./ ,;2,;1=5,6
- 12 -
.,38567 =.1= =./ 8;5D/; ,9 =./ 4:0 50 ;/02,60543/ 9,; =./ 1<<58/6= B.5<. .10 <315A/8 1 D13:143/ 359/ 168 1 4;/18 B566/;,9=./91A53C/95686,5695;A5=5/056=./95685670 ,9=./;54:613<<,;85673CB/160B/;=./2,56=,56 /71=5D/168171560==./ ,;2,;1=5,6
"-./ ',91;10?:16=:A,9<,A2/601=5,6 50<,6</;6/8=./;54:613.10=1G/6=./56<,A/102/;=./
.1;= 9,; =./ C/1; $ !,B/D/; =./ ;54:613 .10 6,= 188/8 16C 9:=:;/ 2;,02/<=0 <,6058/;567 =./ 17/ ,9 8/</10/8 B5=.56 =./ 17/ 7;,:2 ,9 $ C/1;0 168 6,= 1B1;8/8122;,2;51=/<,A2/601=5,6:68/;=./<,6D/6=5,613 ./18010B/3310$I/0<131=5,66=./0/<5;<:A0=16</0 =./ <,A2/601=5,6 1B1;8/8 4C =./ ;54:613 ;/?:5;/0 ;/ <,6058/;1=5,6168;/8/=/;A561=5,6 <<,;85673C ,68/=/;A561=5,6 =./ <,A2/601=5,6B,;G0,:=10:68/;' 01234560.31/-. 57./ ,00,9/2/68/6<C
0 0(#(($
- 13 -
($K$IEEE ,00,9 0=1=/
0 $$$ ,00,9
:6/;13 E2/60/0
0 $$$ ,00,9
53513 ,60,;=5:A 0$$$$E
0 $$$$$ $I /0<131=5,6 ,6 <,6D/6=5,613 ./180 0$$$$ K $$$ K $$$
$$$
3 ,(
<<,;85673C =./ <315A16=0 1;/ /6=5=3/8 9,; 1 =,=13 <,A2/601=5,6 ,9 0$$($ 10 171560= 0$$$$1B1;8/84C=./;54:613
"-./
'60,91;101B1;8567,956=/;/0=,6 =./ <,A2/601=5,6 1A,:6= =./ ;54:613 .10 <,AA5==/8 0/;5,:0 /;;,; 56 1B1;8567 56=/;/0= 1= =./ ;1=/ ,9 >I 2/;
166:A ,6 =./ <,A2/601=5,6 1A,:6= ./;/ 50 6,=.567 9,;=.<,A567 56 =./ @:87A/6= =, 0:40=16=51=/ 1B1;8567 56=/;/0=1==./;1=/,9>I2/;166:A6=./140/6</,9 16C850<:005,69,;1B1;856756=/;/0=1=>I2AB/9//35= 122;,2;51=/ =, <,6058/; 56=/;/0= 1= *I 2/; 166:A 10 ;57.=3C 1;7:/8 4C 3/1;6/8 <,:60/3 122/1;567 9,; =./
- 14 -
,;2,;1=5,6 B.5<.
50 <,60=16=3C <,6058/;/8 4C =.50 ,:;= 10 B/33 10 2/E ,:;= B.53/ 1B1;8567 56 A,=,; D/.5<3/ <315A0 <10/0 <<,;85673C =./ <315A16=0 1;/ /6=5=3/8 9,;
56=/;/0= 1= =./ ;1=/ ,9 *I 2/; 166:A 9;,A =./ 81=/ ,9 2/=5=5,6=533;/135F1=5,6,6=./;/8/=/;A56/8<,A2/601=5,6 0=1=/80:2;1560=/18,9>I56=/;/0= * <<,;85673CB/2;,<//8=,2100=./9,33,B567'
5 ,=.=./122/1301;/133,B/85621;=+ 55 ./ @:87A/6= 168 1B1;8 81=/8 $$#$ 2100/8 4C =./ 885=5,613 /65,;
5D53 &:87/ 168 & 1= 581; 56 ,*$$ 50 ./;/4CA,8595/8+ 555 ,$$$ 50 133,B/8 56 21;=+ =./;/4C ;/8:<567 56=/;/0= 9;,A >I 21 =, *I 21 5D ,$*($$ 953/8 4C =./ <315A16=0 50 133,B/8 56 21;=+ =./;/4C =./ <,A2/601=5,6 50 ;/8/=/;A56/8 9;,A 0$$$$ =, 0$$($ ./ ;/8/=/;A56/8
- 15 -
<,A2/601=5,6 0.133 <1;;C 56=/;/0= 1= *I 2/; 166:A9;,A=./81=/,92/=5=5,6=533;/135F1=5,6 D ./1A,:6=568/2,05=4/9,;/=.50 ,:;=56 ,$$$ 0.133 4/ =;160A5==/8 =, =./ <,6</;6/8;54:6139,;=.B5=.9,;8504:;0/A/6=+ D5 ./ ;/02,68/6=
,;2,;1=5,6 56
,$*($$ 0.133 8/2,05= =./ 41316</ ;/ 8/=/;A56/8<,A2/601=5,613,67B5=.56=/;/0=1= =./ ;1=/ *I 21 9;,A =./ 81=/ ,9 2/=5=5,6 =533 ;/135F1=5,6 4/9,;/ =./ <,6</;6/8 ;54:613 B5=.56 05E B//G0 9;,A =./ 81=/ ,9 ;/</52= ,9 <,2C,9=.50,;8/; D55 22,;=5,6A/6= 168 8504:;0/A/6= 5010 2/; =./ ,;8/;,9=./;54:613 D555 ,,;8/;10=,<,0=
2( %"' $
2( %' $
50=,'3,' '