Page No.# 1/7 GAHC040014442024 THE GAUHATI HIGH COURT (HIGH COURT OF ASSAM, NAGALAND, MIZORAM AND ARUNACHAL PRADESH) (ITANAGAR BENCH) Case No. : Crl.Petn./185/2024 Shivaji Tajo and 3 Ors Son of Shri Talo Tajo (Accused), a permanent resident of Village Domdila, PO and PS Chayangtajo, East Kameng District, Arunachal PRaesh and presently residing at H Sector, Itanagar, PO and PS Itanagar, Papum Pare District, Arunachal Pradesh. 2: Nangbia Pana Age: Occupation : Son of Shri Nangbia Ram (Informant) a permanent resident of Village Palin PO and PS Palin Kra Daadi District Arunachal Pradesh and presently residing at Jollang near Jail Colony PO and PS Itanagar Papum Pare District Arunachal Pradesh. 3: Nangbia Maka Age: Occupation : Son of Shri Nangbia Ram (Victim) a permanent resident of Village Palin PO and PS Palin Kra Daadi District Arunachal Pradesh and presently residing at Jollang near Jail Colony PO and PS Itanagar Papum Pare District Arunachal Pradesh. 4: Tai Jakup Age: Occupation : Son of Shri Tai Tajuk(Victim) a permanent resident of Village Yangte Page No.# 2/7 PO and PS Palin Kra Daadi District Arunachal Pradesh and presently residing at Zoo Tinali Itanagar PO and PS Chimpu Papum Pare District Arunachal Pradesh VERSUS The State of AP represented by the PP of AP Advocate for the Petitioner : Tabo Gyadi, Tabo Gyadi Advocate for the Respondent : P P of AP, :: BEFORE :: HON’BLE MR. JUSTICE PARTHIVJYOTI SAIKIA O R D E R 25.03.2025 Heard Mr. T. Gyadi, the learned counsel appearing for the petitioners. Also heard Mr. T. Ete, the Addl. Public Prosecutor, State of Arunachal Pradesh. 2. This is a joint application under Section 482 of the CrPC praying for quashing the criminal proceedings of G.R. Case No.122/2024 arising out of Itanagar P.S. Case No.25/2024. 3. On 16.02.2024, the petitioner Nangbia Pana had lodged an FIR before police alleging that on 15.02.2024 at about 4 A.M. at Royal Club Bar, the other petitioner Mr. Page No.# 3/7 Shivaji Tajo had attacked his brother Nangbia Maka (the petitioner no.3) and his cousin Sri Tai Jacob (petitioner no.4) with an intention to kill them. In that attack, Nangbia Maka received injuries on his face, for which he had to be given 17 stitches on his face. The petitioner Tai Jacob also sustained injuries on his head, for which he had to receive 18 stitches at the Hospital. 4. On conclusion of investigation, police filed the charge sheet under Section 325 of the Indian Penal Code against the petitioner Shivaji Tajo. On 18.09.2024, the trial court of Chief Judicial Magistrate at Yupia held that the petitioner Shivaji Tajo attacked Nangbia Maka and Tai Jacob with a broken beer mug made of glass and therefore, the court below framed the charge under Section 326 of the Indian Penal Code. 5. It may be mentioned that before the trial court framed the charge under Section 326 on 18.09.2024, on 22.02.2024, all the parties of this case have settled their disputes by executing a deed of mutual settlement. In spite of that, they could not compound the offence because Section 326 of the Indian Penal Code is a non- compoundable offence. For the aforesaid reason, they have come together to this Court for quashing the criminal proceedings. 6. I have considered the submissions made by the learned counsel of both sides. 7. There is no doubt that the so-called attacker and the victims were under the influence of alcohol at the time of occurrence. The occurrence took place after mid night in a Bar. Now, they have decided to settle the dispute. 8. The Apex Court in the case of Nikhil Merchant v. Central Bureau of Investigation and Anr., reported in (2008) 9 SCC 677, held that when a compromise has been arrived at between the parties, by which the parties have withdrawn all claims and allegations against each other, technicality should not be allowed to stand in the way in quashing the criminal proceedings since the same would be a futile exercise. 9. The Apex Court in the case of Madan Mohan Abbot v. State of Punjab , reported in (2008)4 SCC 582 has held: Page No.# 4/7 “We need to emphasise that it is perhaps advisable that in disputes where the question involved is of a purely personal nature, the Court should ordinarily accept the terms of the compromise even in criminal proceedings as keeping the matter alive with no possibility of a result in favour of the prosecution is a luxury which the courts, grossly overburdened as they are, cannot afford and that the time so saved can be utilized in deciding more effective and meaningful litigation. This is a common sense approach to the matter based on ground of realities and bereft of the technicalities of the law." 10. In the case of Parbatbhai Aahir Alias Parbatbhai Bhimsinhbhai Karmur and Ors. v. State of Gujarat and Anr. [(2017)9 SCC 641], the Hon,ble Apex Court has held– “(i) Section 482 preserves the inherent powers of the High Court to prevent an abuse of the process of any court or to secure the ends of justice. The provision does not confer new powers. It only recognises and preserves powers which inhere in the High Court; (ii) The invocation of the jurisdiction of the High Court to quash a First Information Report or a criminal proceeding on the ground that a settlement has been arrived at between the offender and the victim is not the same as the invocation of jurisdiction for the purpose of compounding an offence. While compounding an offence, the power of the court is governed by the provisions of Section 320 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973. The power to quash under Section 482 is attracted even if the offence is non-compoundable. (iii) In forming an opinion whether a criminal proceeding or complaint should be quashed in exercise of its jurisdiction under Section 482, the High Court must evaluate whether the ends of justice would justify the exercise of the inherent power; (iv) While the inherent power of the High Court has a wide ambit and plenitude it has to be exercised; (i) to secure the ends of justice or (ii) to prevent an abuse of the process of any court; (v) The decision as to whether a complaint or First Information Report should be quashed on the ground that the offender and victim have settled the dispute, revolves ultimately on the facts and circumstances of each case and no exhaustive elaboration of principles can be formulated; (vi) In the exercise of the power under Section 482 and while dealing with a plea that the Page No.# 5/7 dispute has been settled, the High Court must have due regard to the nature and gravity of the offence. Heinous and serious offences involving mental depravity or offences such as murder, rape and dacoity cannot appropriately be quashed though the victim or the family of the victim have settled the dispute. Such offences are, truly speaking, not private in nature but have a serious impact upon society. The decision to continue with the trial in such cases is founded on the overriding element of public interest in punishing persons for serious offences; (vii) As distinguished from serious offences, there may be criminal cases which have an overwhelming or predominant element of a civil dispute. They stand on a distinct footing in so far as the exercise of the inherent power to quash is concerned; (viii) Criminal cases involving offences which arise from commercial, financial, mercantile, partnership or similar transactions with an essentially civil flavour may in appropriate situations fall for quashing where parties have settled the dispute; (ix) In such a case, the High Court may quash the criminal proceeding if in view of the compromise between the disputants, the possibility of a conviction is remote and the continuation of a criminal proceeding would cause oppression and prejudice; and (x) There is yet an exception to the principle set out in propositions (viii) and (ix) above. Economic offences involving the financial and economic well-being of the state have implications which lie beyond the domain of a mere dispute between private disputants. The High Court would be justified in declining to quash where the offender is involved in an activity akin to a financial or economic fraud or misdemeanour. The consequences of the act complained of upon the financial or economic system will weigh in the balance.” 11. The guidelines for consideration of a petition under Section 528 of the BNSS, 2023 has been laid down by the Hon’ble Supreme Court in State of Haryana v. Bhajan Lal, AIR 1992 SC 604. Paragraph 102 of the judgment reads as under: “102. In the backdrop of the interpretation of the various relevant provisions of the Code under Chapter XIV and of the principles of law enunciated by this Court in a series of decisions relating to the exercise of the extraordinary power under Article 226 or the inherent powers under Section 482 of the Code which we have extracted and reproduced above, we give the following categories of cases by way of illustration wherein such power could be exercised either to prevent abuse of the process of any court or otherwise to secure the ends of justice, though it may not be possible to lay down any precise, clearly defined and sufficiently channelised and inflexible guidelines or rigid formulae and to give an exhaustive list of myriad kinds of cases wherein such Page No.# 6/7 power should be exercised. (1) Where the allegations made in the first information report or the complaint, even if they are taken at their face value and accepted in their entirety do not prima facie constitute any offence or make out a case against the accused. (2) Where the allegations in the first information report and other materials, if any, accompanying the FIR do not disclose a cognizable offence, justifying an investigation by police officers under Section 156(1) of the Code except under an order of a Magistrate within the purview of Section 155(2) of the Code. (3) Where the uncontroverted allegations made in the FIR or complaint and the evidence collected in support of the same do not disclose the commission of any offence and make out a case against the accused. (4) Where, the allegations in the FIR do not constitute a cognizable offence but constitute only a non-cognizable offence, no investigation is permitted by a police officer without an order of a Magistrate as contemplated under Section 155(2) of the Code. (5) Where the allegations made in the FIR or complaint are so absurd and inherently improbable on the basis of which no prudent person can ever reach a just conclusion that there is sufficient ground for proceeding against the accused. (6) Where there is an express legal bar engrafted in any of the provisions of the Code or the concerned Act (under which a criminal proceeding is instituted) to the institution and continuance of the proceedings and/or where there is a specific provision in the Code or the concerned Act, providing efficacious redress for the grievance of the aggrieved party. (7) Where a criminal proceeding is manifestly attended with mala fide and/or where the proceeding is maliciously instituted with an ulterior motive for wreaking vengeance on the accused and with a view to spite him due to private and personal grudge.” 12. Coming back to the case in hand, the offence committed by the petitioner Shivaji Tajo is a private offence having no impact in public. They have compromised their dispute. 13. Now, this Court has the reason to hold that under the given circumstances, there is no possibility of conviction in this case in future. So, allowing such a criminal proceedings to continue before the trial court, would be noting but an abuse of the process of the court. 14. This is a fit case for exercising power under Section 482 of the CrPC. Therefore, the criminal petition is allowed. 15. The criminal proceedings of G.R. Case No.122/2024 arising out of Itanagar P.S. Page No.# 7/7 Case No.25/2024, is quashed and set aside. The Criminal Petition is disposed of. JUDGE Comparing Assistant