[2025:RJ-JP:52015] HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE FOR RAJASTHAN BENCH AT JAIPUR S.B. Civil Miscellaneous Appeal No. 3141/2006 Gokul Chand Verma S/o. Shri Madhoram, aged 46 Years, R/o. Gurai, Tehsil Deoli, Distt. Tonk ----Claimant-Appellant Versus 1. Ismail Khan S/o. Shri Nasir Khan, aged about 33 Years, R/o. Chandavas, Police Station Chandvaji, Distt. Jaipur. (Driver/Owner) 2. The United Insurance Company, Branch Office Subhash Bazar, Tonk. ----Respondent For Appellant(s) : Mr. Amit Sharma, Adv. for Mr. Tarun Jain, Adv. For Respondent(s) : Mr. Ashish Kumar Sharma, Adv. Mr. Lokesh Parihar, Adv. HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE ASHUTOSH KUMAR Order 17/12/2025 1- vihykFkhZ }kjk ;g vihy /kkjk 173 eksVj okgu vf/kfu;e&1988 ds rgr U;k;ky; vij ftyk U;k;k/kh'k] QkLV Vªsd la-&3] eksVj nq?kZVuk okn vf/kdj.k] Vksad ¼ftls vkxs ^fo}ku vf/kdj.k* ds uke ls lacksf/kr fd;k tk,xk½ }kjk Dyse ;kfpdk la[;k&185@2005 ¼2414@2001½] xksdqypan oekZ cuke bLekbZy [kka o vU; esa ikfjr fu.kZ; fnukad 24-02-2006 ¼ftls vkxs ^vk{ksfir fu.kZ;^ ds uke ls lacksf/kr fd;k tk,xk½ ds fo#) izLrqr dh xbZ gSA 2- vihykFkhZ }kjk fo}ku vf/kdj.k ds le{k] eksVj okgu nq?kZVuk esa Lo;a ds vkgr gks tkus ds QyLo:i dqy 3]35]000@& #i;s Dyse izkIr djus gsrq Dyse ;kfpdk izLrqr dh x;h FkhA fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk mDr [2025:RJ-JP:52015] (2 of 8) [CMA-3141/2006] Dyse ;kfpdk esa ;kph dks dqy 5]000@& #i;s dh {kfriwfrZ jkf'k e; C;kt 06 izfr'kr lkykuk dh nj ls fnyokbZ x;h gSA mDr vk{ksfir fu.kZ; ls O;fFkr gksdj gLrxr vihy] vihykFkhZ dh vksj ls {kfriwfrZ jkf'k esa c<+ksrjh fd;s tkus gsrq izLrqr dh x;h gSA 3- nkSjkus cgl fo}ku vf/koDrk vihykFkhZ dk rdZ jgk gS fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk vihykFkhZ dh dksbZ vk; fu/kkZfjr ugha dj ,deq'r jkf'k fnyokbZ tkdj =qfV dkfjr dh x;h gS] tcfd oDr ?kVuk vihykFkhZ etnwjh dk dk;Z dj 4]000@& #i;s izfrekg vk; vftZr djrk FkkA nq?kZVuk esa vihykFkhZ ds flj esa xaHkhj pksVsa dkfjr gqbZ gS] ftuds lkewfgd izHkko ls mlds 'kjhj ij dqy 5 izfr'kr LFkk;h fu;ksZX;rk vkuk ik;k x;k gSA fo}ku vf/koDrk vihykFkhZ dk ;g Hkh rdZ jgk gS fd fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh lq[k&lqfo/kk dh deh ds en esa dksbZ jkf'k ugha fnyokbZ xbZ gS rFkk 'kkjhfjd o ekufld ihM+k dh en esa o vU; enksa esa Hkh vR;f/kd de jkf'k fnyokbZ x;h gS] ftuesa c<+ksrjh dh tkosA vr% vihykFkhZ dh vksj ls izLrqr vihy Lohdkj dh tkdj {kfriwfrZ jkf'k esa c<+ksrjh fd;s tkus dh izkFkZuk dh x;hA 4- blds foijhr fo}ku vf/koDrk izR;FkhZ chek dEiuh dh vksj ls mijksDr rdkZsa dk fojks/k djrs gq, fo}ku vf/kdj.k ds fu.kZ; dh iqf"V fd;s tkus rFkk vihykFkhZ dh vksj ls lafLFkr dh x;h vihy dks [kkfjt fd;s tkus dh izkFkZuk dh x;hA 5- nksuksa i{kksa dh cgl lquh x;hA i=koyh o fo}ku vf/kdj.k ds vfHkys[k dk voyksdu fd;k x;kA 6- ekeys dh nq?kZVuk esa vihykFkhZ dks dkfjr gqbZ pksVksa ds QyLo:i mlds 'kjhj ij dqy 5 izfr'kr LFkkbZ fu;ksZX;rk vkuk ik;k x;k gSA eksVj nq?kZVuk esa vkgr O;fDr;ksa dks {kfriwfrZ fnyok;s tkus ds lanHkZ esa ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; }kjk vius U;kf;d n`"Vkar Anant Son of Sidheswar Dukre Vs. Pratap son of Zhampannappa Lamzane & Anr. [2025:RJ-JP:52015] (3 of 8) [CMA-3141/2006] reported in (2018) 9 Supreme Court Cases 450, esa fl)kUr izfrikfnr fd;k gS tks fuEu izdkj ls gS %& “12. In case of motor accidents leading to injuries and disablements, it is a well settled principle that a person must not only be compensated for his physical injury, but also for the non-pecuniary losses which he has suffered due to the injury. The claimant is entitled to be compensated for his inability to lead a full life, and enjoy those things and amenities which he would have enjoyed, but for the injuries." "13. The purpose of compensation under the Motor Vehicles Act is to fully and adequately restore the aggrieved to the position prior to the accident. This Court in Yadava Kumar v. National Insurance Co. Ltd. explained “just compensation” in the following words:" "15. It goes without saying that in matters of determination of compensation both the tribunal and the court are statutorily charged with a responsibility of fixing a “just compensation”. It is obviously true that determination of a just compensation cannot be equated to a bonanza. At the same time the concept of “just compensation” obviously suggests application of fair and equitable principles and a reasonable approach on the part of the tribunals and courts. This reasonableness on the part of the tribunal and court must be on a large peripheral field.” 7- i=koyh ds voyksdu ls izdV gksrk gS fd ekeys dh ?kVuk fnukad 18-05-2001 dh crkbZ x;h gS rFkk oDr ?kVuk vihykFkhZ dks 46 o"kZ dh vk;q dk gksuk crkrs gq, etnwjh dk dk;Z dj 4]000@& #i;s izfrekg dh vk; vftZr djuk vo'; crk;k x;k gSA fdarq vihykFkhZ }kjk viuh vk; dk dksbZ Bksl izek.k fo}ku vf/kdj.k ds le{k izLrqr ugha fd;k gSA bu ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk vihykFkhZ dh dksbZ vk; fu/kkZfjr ugha dj vk; dh {kfr ds en esa vihykFkhZ dks dkfjr LFkk;h fu;ksZX;rk 5 [2025:RJ-JP:52015] (4 of 8) [CMA-3141/2006] izfr'kr ds vk/kkj ij ,deq'r jkf'k fnyokbZ xbZ gSA tcfd ;g lqLFkkfir fof/k gS fd ftu ekeyksa esa vkgr dh vk; izekf.kr ugha gks] ogka mls nSfud osru Hkksxh etnwj dh Js.kh esa j[kk tkdj rRle; izpfyr U;wure etnwjh dh nj ls gh mldh vk; fu/kkZfjr dh tk,xhA oDr ?kVuk vihykFkhZ dks etnwjh dk dk;Z djuk crk;k x;k gSA bu ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa ;g U;k;ky;] vihykFkhZ ds dk;Z dh izÑfr o ?kVuk dh frfFk 18-05-2001 dks n`f"Vxr j[krs gq,] oDr ?kVuk vihykFkhZ dks vdq'ky Jfed gksuk ekurs gq, rRle; izpfyr U;wure etnwjh nj ds vk/kkj ij mldh nSfud vk; 60@& #i;s] rn~uqlkj ekfld vk; 60 x 30 = 1]800@& #i;s fu/kkZfjr fd;k tkuk mfpr le>rh gSA Dyse ;kfpdk esa oDr ?kVuk vihykFkhZ dks 46 o"kZ dh vk;q dk Lofu;ksftr O;olk;h gksuk crk;k x;k gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa us'kuy ba';ksjsal dEiuh fyfeVsM cuke iz.k; lsBh o vU; fjiksVsZM bu ¼2017½ 16 ,l-lh-lh- 680 esa izfrikfnr fl)kUr ds vuqlkj vihykFkhZ dh vk;q dks n`f"Vxr j[krs gq, mldh fu/kkZfjr ekfld vk; 1]800@& #i;s esa 25 izfr'kr dh c<+ksrjh fd;k tkuk visf{kr gSA 1]800@& #i;s dk 25 izfr'kr 450@& #i;s gksrk gSA mDr 25 izfr'kr jkf'k dks fu/kkZfjr ekfld vk; esa tksM+s tkus ds mijkar vihykFkhZ dh dqy 'kq) ekfld vk; 2]250@& #i;s gksrh gS tks {kfriwfrZ fu/kkZj.k dk vk/kkj jgsxhA 8- gLrxr nq?kZVuk esa vihykFkhZ ds flj esa xaHkhj pksVsa dkfjr gqbZ gSaA vihykFkhZ ds dkfjr pksVksa ds lkewfgd izHkko ls vihykFkhZ ds 'kjhj esa dqy 5 izfr’kr LFkk;h fu;ksZX;rk vkuk ik;k x;k gSA tSlk fd LFkkbZ fu;ksZX;rk izek.k&i= izn'kZ&16 ds voyksdu ls Li"V gSA pwafd vihykFkhZ dks etnwjh dk dk;Z djuk crk;k x;k gS rFkk nq?kZVuk esa mlds flj esa xaHkhj pksV dkfjr gqbZ gS] ,slh fLFkfr esa fuf’pr :i ls vihykFkhZ dks Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh vk; esa deh gksuk LokHkkfod gSA vr% vihykFkhZ dks 5 izfr'kr LFkkbZ fu;ksZX;rk gksus ds vk/kkj ij ge] vihykFkhZ dks vk; dh {kfr Hkh 5 izfr’kr gksuk ikrs gSaA rn~uqlkj vihykFkhZ dh ekfld vk; 2]250@& #i;s dk 5 izfr’kr 113@& #i;s gksrk gS tks vihykFkhZ dks Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh vk; [2025:RJ-JP:52015] (5 of 8) [CMA-3141/2006] dh ekfld {kfr gSA oDr ?kVuk vihykFkhZ dks 46 o"kZ vk;q dk ekuk x;k gS] ftldk [k.Mu ugha gks ldk gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa ljyk oekZ o vU; cuke nsgyh VªkaliksVZ dkWiksZjs'ku o vU; fjiksVsZM bu ¼2009½ 6 ,l-lh-lh- 121 rFkk iz.k; lsBh ¼mijksDr½ ds ekeyksa esa izfrikfnr fl)kUr ds vuqlkj vihykFkhZ dks Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh vk; dh {kfriwfrZ dh x.kuk gsrq vihykFkhZ dh vk;q dks n`f"Vxr j[krs gq, 13 dk xq.kd yxk;k tkuk visf{kr gSA rn~uqlkj vihykFkhZ dks Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh vk; dh dqy {kfr 113 x 12 x 13 = 17]628@& #i;s gksrh gS tks vihykFkhZ izkIr djus dk vf/kdkjh gSA 9- fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk vihykFkhZ dks pkj lk/kkj.k o ,d xaHkhj pksVksa dh en esa 9]000@& #i;s rFkk vU; O;; ds :i esa 1]000@& #i;s dh jkf'k fnyokbZ xbZ gS] vr% mDr enksa esa fnyokbZ xbZ jkf'k esa ge dksbZ gLr{ksi fd;k tkuk mfpr ugha le>rs gSaA 10- fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk vihykFkhZ dks 'kkjhfjd o ekufld ihM+k] Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh lq[k&lqfo/kk] ikSf"Vd vkgkj] ifjogu o ;krk;kr dh en esa dksbZ jkf'k ugha fnyokbZ xbZ gSA vr% ge vihykFkhZ dks 'kkjhfjd o ekufld ihM+k dh en esa 5]000@& #i;s] Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh lq[k&lqfo/kk dh deh dh en esa 5]000@& #i;s] ikSf"Vd vkgkj dh en esa 5]000@& #i;s rFkk ifjogu o ;krk;kr dh en esa 5]000@& #i;s dh jkf'k i`Fkd ls fnyok;k tkuk mfpr le>rs gSaA 11- fo}ku vf/koDrk nkokdrkZ@vkgr dh vksj ls ;g rdZ izLrqr fd;k x;k gS fd oDr ?kVuk nkokdrkZ@vkgr Lo;a iz'uxr okgu ugha pyk jgk Fkk cfYd og iz'uxr okgu esa cSBk Fkk] ,slh fLFkfr esa fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk ekeys dh nq?kZVuk esa nkokdrkZ@vkgr dh Hkh 50 izfr'kr ;ksxnk;h mis{kk ekuh tkdj =qfV dkfjr dh x;h gSA bl laca/k esa gekjk ekuuk ;g gS fd ekeys ds rF;ksa ds vuqlkj nkokdrkZ xksdqy oDr ?kVuk dksbZ okgu ugha pyk jgk Fkk cfYd iz'uxr okgu Vªd esa cSBk Fkk] bl dkj.k nkokdrkZ@vkgr xksdqy dh ;ksxnk;h mis{kk dk rks iz’u gh ugha mBrkA vf/kd ls vf/kd ;g ekeyk ^^dEiksftV usXyhtsal** dk ekuk tk ldrk gSA [2025:RJ-JP:52015] (6 of 8) [CMA-3141/2006] ^^dEiksftV usXyhtsal** ds ekeys esa ihfM+r O;fDr@DysesaV] nq?kZVuk esa fyIr nksuksa okguksa ds pkyd] Lokeh o chek dEiuh vkfn vFkok fdlh ,d okgu ds pkyd] Lokeh] chek dEiuh ds fo#) Dyse ;kfpdk izLrqr dj ldrk gS o lEiw.kZ Dyse jkf’k izkIr dj ldrk gSA tSlk fd fl)kUr mPpre U;k;ky; us vius U;kf;d n`"Vkar Khenyei Vs. New India Assurance Company Limited & Ors. reported in (2015) 9 Supreme Court Cases 273, ds ekeys esa izfrikfnr fd;k x;k gS %& “22.1. In the case of composite negligence, the plaintiff/claimant is entitled to sue both or any one of the joint tortfeasors and to recover the entire compensation as liability of joint tortfeasors is joint and several. 22.2. In the case of composite negligence, apportionment of compensation between two tortfeasors vis-a-vis the plaintiff/claimant is not permissible. He can recover at his option whole damages from any of them. 22.3. In case all the joint tortfeasors have been impleaded and evidence is sufficient, it is open to the court/Tribunal to determine inter se extent of composite negligence of the drivers. However, determination of the extent of negligence between the joint tortfeasors is only for the purpose of their inter se liability so that one may recover the sum from the other after making whole of the payment to the plaintiff/claimant to the extent it has satisfied the liability of the other. In case both of them have been impleaded and the apportionment/extent of their negligence has been determined by the court/Tribunal. In the main case one joint tortfeasor can recover the amount from the other in the execution proceedings. 22.4. It would not be appropriate for the court/Tribunal to determine the extent of composite negligence of the drivers of two vehicles in the absence of impleadment of other joint tortfeasors. In such a case, impleaded joint tortfeasor should be left. In case be so desires, to sue the other joint tortfeasor in independent [2025:RJ-JP:52015] (7 of 8) [CMA-3141/2006] proceedings after passing of the decree or award.” 12- mijksDr U;kf;d n`"Vkar esa izfrikfnr fl)kUr ls Li"V gS fd nkokdrkZ@vkgr xksdqy tks fd iz'uxr okgu Vªd esa cSBk Fkk] dh fdlh Hkh izdkj ls ;ksxnk;h mis{kk ugha ekuh tk ldrh rFkk nkokdrkZ@vkgr xksdqy }kjk iz'uxr okgu ds pkyd] Lokeh o chek dEiuh dks i{kdkj ugha cuk;s tkus ls mlds i{k esa fu/kkZfjr {kfriwfrZ jkf’k esa fdlh Hkh izdkj dh dksbZ dVkSrh ugha dh tk ldrhA fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk vius vk{ksfir fu.kZ; esa nkokdrkZ@vkgr xksdqy dh tks la;qDr mis{kk ekuh tkdj fu/kkZfjr {kfriwfrZ jkf'k esa ls 50 izfr'kr dh dVkSrh dh gS] og =qfViw.kZ gSA bl U;k;ky; }kjk nkokdrkZ@vkgr xksdqy dh dksbZ la;qDr mis{kk ekeys dh ?kVuk esa ugha ekuh x;h gSA vr% bl U;k;ky; }kjk fu/kkZfjr lEiw.kZ 100 izfr'kr {kfriwfrZ jkf'k] nkokdrkZ@vkgr xksdqy izkIr djus dk vf/kdkjh ik;k tkrk gSA 13- mDrkuqlkj vihykFkhZ@DysesaV fuEu izdkj ls {kfriwfrZ jkf'k izkIr djus dk vf/kdkjh gS %& Øe la[;k 'kh"kZ@en bl fu.kZ; ds rgr fu/kkZfjr dh x;h jkf’k 1- Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh vk; vtZu dh {kerk esa deh ds en esa 17]628@& :Ik;s 2- pkj lk/kkj.k o ,d xaHkhj pksVksa dh en esa 9]000@& #i;s 3- vU; O;; ds :i esa 1]000@& #i;s 4- 'kkjhfjd o ekufld ihM+k dh en esa 5]000@& #i;s 5- Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh lq[k&lqfo/kk dh deh dh en esa 5]000@& #i;s 6- ikSf"Vd vkgkj dh en esa 5]000@& #i;ss 7- ifjogu ,oa ;krk;kr ij O;; gqbZ jkf'k ds en esa 5]000@& #i;ss 8- bl U;k;ky; }kjk fu/kkZfjr dh xbZ {kfriwfrZ jkf'k 47]628@& #i;s 9- fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk fnyokbZ xbZ {kfriwfrZ jkf'k 5]000@& #i;s 10- c<+ksrjh i'pkr {kfriwfrZ jkf'k esa varj 42]628@& #i;s 14- ekeys dh ?kVuk esa iz'uxr okgu foi{kh la[;k 1 bLekbZy ds LokfeRo dk Fkk rFkk foi{kh la[;k 1 dks iz'uxr okgu dks ifjpkyu djus dk oS/k o izHkkoh MªkbZfoax ykblsal ugha Fkk] tks fd chek dEiuh dh chek [2025:RJ-JP:52015] (8 of 8) [CMA-3141/2006] ikWfylh dk Li"V mYya?ku gSA chek ikWfylh dh 'krksZa ds Li"V mYya?ku ds rF;ksa dks n`f"Vxr j[krs gq, fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk ^^is ,.M fjdoj** ds fl)kUr ij chek dEiuh dks vkns'k fn;k gS fd og {kfriwfrZ jkf'k dh vnk;xh ;kph@vihykFkhZ dks vnk djs o mlds mijkar vnk dh xbZ jkf'k okgu pkyd@okgu Lokeh izR;FkhZ la[;k&1 ls olwy dj ysosaA fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk ^^is ,.M fjdoj** ds laca/k esa tks fu"d"kZ fudkyk x;k gS] mlesa dksbZ gLr{ksi fd;k tkuk ge mfpr ugha le>rs gSaA 15- rnuqlkj ;g vihy vkaf’kd :i ls Lohdkj dh tkdj fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk ikfjr iapkV] ftlds }kjk fd vihykFkhZ@DysesaV dks 5]000@& :i;s fnyok;s tkus dk vkns'k ikfjr fd;k x;k gS] ds LFkku ij 47]628@& :i;s dk iapkV ikfjr fd;k tkrk gSA mDr jkf'k ij fu;ekuqlkj vk;dj dVkSrh dh tk,xhA vihykFkhZ }kjk iwoZ esa izkIr dh x;h jkf’k dks iapkV jkf’k esa ls lek;ksftr fd;k tkdj 'ks"k jkf’k vihykFkhZ izkIr djus dk vf/kdkjh ik;k tkrk gSaA 16- fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk {kfriwfrZ jkf'k ij ;kfpdk nk;j djus dh frfFk ls vihykFkhZ dks 9 izfr'kr okf"kZd C;kt fnyok;k x;k gS] blesa ge dksbZ gLr{ksi fd;k tkuk mfpr ugha le>rs gSaA vr% bl vkns'k }kjk c<+kbZ xbZ {kfriwfrZ jkf'k ij ;kfpdk nk;j djus dh frfFk ls vihykFkhZ 9 izfr'kr okf"kZd C;kt izkIr djus dk vf/kdkjh gSA 17- vkns'k dh izfr ds lkFk izdj.k dk vfHkys[k lacaf/kr vf/kdj.k dks ykSVk;k tkosA 18- rnuqlkj ;g vihy fuLrkfjr dh tkrh gSA 19- lHkh yfEcr izkFkZuk&i=ksa dks Hkh mijksDrkuqlkj fuLrkfjr fd;k tkrk gSA (ASHUTOSH KUMAR),J KESHAV VERMA /8