[2025:RJ-JP:42387] HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE FOR RAJASTHAN BENCH AT JAIPUR S.B. Civil Second Appeal No. 343/2018 1. Bhagwan Das S/o Shri Salig Ram 2. Jaldevi W/o Shri Bhagwan Das 3. Pushpendra S/o Shri Bhagwan Das 4. Ajeet S/o Shri Bhagwan Das 5. Ranu D/o Shri Bhagwan Das, R/o Radha Bihari Road, Tehsil And Distt. Dholpur. 6. Raghuraj S/o Shri Rajendra, R/o Ramnagar Colony, Ghantaghar Road, Tehsil And Distt. Dholpur Raj. ----Appellants Versus Ratan Devi W/o Shri Shantilal, R/o Radha Bihari Road, Tehsil And Distt. Dholpur. ----Respondent For Appellant(s) : Mr. Shriram Yadav, Adv. For Respondent(s) : Mr. Raj Kamal Gaur, Adv. HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE UMA SHANKER VYAS Judgment / Order 16/10/2025 1- vihykFkhZ&izfroknh dh vksj ls ;g f}rh; vihy vUrxZr /kkjk 100 lh-ih-lh- fo}ku ftyk U;k;k/kh'k] /kkSyiqj }kjk nhokuh fu;fer vihy la[;k 14@2017 esa ikfjr fu.kZ; fnukad 17-02-2018 ls O;fFkr gksdj is'k dh gS ftlds ek/;e ls vihykFkhZ@izfroknhx.k dh vihy [kkfjt djrs gq, fo}ku vfrfjDr flfoy U;k;k/kh'k la[;k&1] /kkSyiqj }kjk nhokuh okn la[;k 63@2016 esa ikfjr fu.kZ;@fMØh fnukad 29-05-2017 dh iqf"V dh x;h] ftlds ek/;e ls okfn;k dk okn fookfnr LFky ds laca/k esa LFkk;h fu"ks/kkKk ds ckcr~ izfroknh ds fo:) fMdzh fd;k x;kA 2- fo}ku vf/koDrk vihykFkhZ rFkk izR;FkhZ dh cgl lquhA pwafd ;g f}rh; flfoy vihy gS] vr% ,slh fLFkfr esa tc rd fof/k dk lkjoku iz'u [2025:RJ-JP:42387] (2 of 5) [CSA-343/2018] varoZfyr ugha gks] rc rd lquokbZ gsrq xzg.k ugha dh tk ldrh gS rFkk fopkj.k o vihyh; U;k;ky; }kjk tks fu"d"kZ fn;k x;k gS] mlesa lkekU; :i ls gLr{ksi fd;k tkuk mfpr ugha gSA bl laca/k esa ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; }kjk Boodireddy Chandraiah and Ors. Versus Arigda Laxmi and Anr. AIR 2008 SC 380 ds iSjk la[;k 13 esa fuEufyf[kr fl)kar izfrikfnr fd;k x;k gS %& "13. The general rule is that High Court will not interfere with concurrent findings of the Courts below. But it is not an absolute rule. Some of the well recognized exceptions are where (i) the courts below have ignored material evidence or acted on no evidence; (ii) the courts have drawn wrong inferences from proved facts by applying the law erroneously; or (iii) the courts have wrongly cast the burden of proof. When we refer to 'decision based on no evidence', it not only refers to cases where there is a total dearth of evidence, but also refers to any case, where the evidence, taken as a whole, is not reasonably capable of supporting the finding." 3- ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; }kjk vU; U;kf;d fu.kZ; Gurnam Singh vs. Lehna Singh 2019 (7) SCC 641 esa Hkh mijksDr er O;Dr djrs gq, ;g vfHkfu/kkZfjr fd;k x;k gS fd f}rh; vihy esa lk{; dk iqu% fo'ys"k.k o foospu vuqKs; ugha gS] mijksDr fu.kZ; dk lqlaxr Hkkx fuEukuqlkj gS%& "Before parting with the present judgment, we remind the High Courts that the jurisdiction of the High Court, in an appeal under Section 100 CPC, is strictly confined to the case involving substantial question of law and while deciding the second appeal under Section 100 CPC, it is not permissible for the High Court to reappreciate the evidence on record and interfere with the findings recorded by the courts below and/or the first appellate court and if the first appellate court has exercised its discretion in a judicial manner, its decision cannot be recorded as suffering from an error either of law or of [2025:RJ-JP:42387] (3 of 5) [CSA-343/2018] procedure requiring interference in second appeal. We have noticed and even as repeatedly observed by this Court and even in Narayanan Rajendran v. Lekshmy Sarojini [Narayanan Rajendran v. Lekshmy Sarojini, (2009) 5 SCC 264 : (2009) 2 SCC (Civ) 500] , despite the catena of decisions of this Court and even the mandate under Section 100 CPC, the High Courts under Section 100 CPC are disturbing the concurrent findings of facts and/or even the findings recorded by the first appellate court, either without formulating the substantial question of law or on framing erroneous substantial question of law." 4- fof/k dk lkjoku iz'u D;k gksxk] bl laca/k esa ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; }kjk Santosh Hazari Versus Purushottam Tiwari (Dead) by L.Rs AIR 2001 SC 965 ds iSjk la[;k&12 esa fuEufyf[kr fl)kar izfrikfnr fd;k x;k gS%& "12. The phrase 'substantial question of law', as occurring in the amended Section 100 is not defined in the Code. The word substantial, as qualifying 'question of law', means — of having substance, essential, real, of sound worth, important or considerable. It is to be understood as something in contradistinction with — technical, of no substance or consequence, or academic merely. However, it is clear that the legislature has chosen not to qualify the scope of 'substantial question of law' by suffixing the words “of general importance” as has been done in many other provisions such as Section 109 of the Code or Article 133(1)(a) of the Constitution. The substantial question of law on which a second appeal shall be heard need not necessarily be a substantial question of law of general importance. In Guran Ditta v. T. Ram Ditta [AIR 1928 PC 172 : 55 IA 235] , the phrase 'substantial question of law' as it was employed in the last clause of the then existing Section 110 CPC (since omitted by the Amendment Act, 1973) came up for consideration and their Lordships held that it did not [2025:RJ-JP:42387] (4 of 5) [CSA-343/2018] mean a substantial question of general importance but a substantial question of law which was involved in the case as between the parties......" 5- fo}ku vf/koDrk vihykFkhZ dk ;g rdZ gS fd fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk ftu nLrkostksa dks fopkj esa fy;k x;k gS] os edku ls lacaf/kr FksA fookfnr [kqyk LFkku] edku ls vyx gS ftlds laca/k esa fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk lE;d :i ls dksbZ fopkj ugha fd;k gSA fookfnr LFky ds laca/k esa okfn;k dh vksj ls dksbZ nLrkost is'k ugha fd;s gSa] vr% ,slh fLFkfr esa miyC/k lkexzh o lk{; dks utjvankt djrs gq, vihyk/khu fu.kZ; ikfjr fd;k gSA 6- blds foijhr fo}ku vf/koDrk izR;FkhZ }kjk ;g rdZ fn;k x;k gS fd oknxzLr Hkwfe Fkksxyjke ds edku dk Hkkx gS] Fkksxyjke }kjk ;g lEifRr vius nkekn jkes'oj dks olh;r dh x;h rFkk jkes'oj }kjk viuh iq=h jruh nsoh ds i{k esa olh;r dh gS vkSj ;gh vfHker izdV djrs gq, fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk oknxzLr Hkwfe okfn;k ds vf/kdkjksa dh ekuh gS] ftldh iqf"V fo}ku vihyh; U;k;ky; }kjk dh x;h gSA mudk fuosnu gS fd ;g f}rh; vihy gS] ftlesa lk{; dk iqu% fo'ys"k.k o foospu vuqKs; ugha gS] vUr esa ;g f}rh; vihy [kkfjt fd;s tkus dk fuosnu fd;kA 7- lqlaxr rF; ;g gS fd okfn;k }kjk vius okn ds lkFk fookfnr LFky dks fpfUgr djrs gq, ;g vfHkdfFkr fd;k fd ;g lEifRr mlds vf/kdkjksa dh gS ftlls izfroknh i{k mls csn[ky djuk pkgrk gS vkSj bl ckcr~ LFkk;h fu"ks/kkKk pkgh gSA fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk ;g vfHker izdV fd;k gS fd bl lEifRr ij izfroknh dk dksbZ vf/kdkj ugha gS rFkk ;|fi LokfeRo dk fcUnq Li"V :i ls fu/kkZfjr ugha fd;k] ijUrq lEifRr okfn;k ds vf/kdkjksa dh ekuh x;h gSA fo}ku vihyh; U;k;ky; }kjk Hkh nLrkosth lk{; ds vk/kkj ij ;gh fu.khZr fd;k gS fd oknxzLr lEifRr Fkksxyjke ds vf/kdkjksa dh Fkh tks mlus vius nkekn jkes'oj rFkk jkes'oj us viuh iq=h jrunsoh dks olh;r dh vkSj mlds }kjk uxjikfydk ls fof/kor :i ls fuekZ.k dk;Z dh vuqefr ysdj fuekZ.k dk;Z fd;k rFkk [kqys LFkku ij fuekZ.k dk;Z djuk pkgrh gSA fo}ku vihyh; U;k;ky; }kjk ;g Hkwfe [2025:RJ-JP:42387] (5 of 5) [CSA-343/2018] okfn;k ds vf/kdkjksa dh ekuh gS] vr% ,slh fLFkfr esa fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; rFkk fo}ku vihyh; U;k;ky; }kjk fn;s x;s fu.kZ; leorhZ jgs gSaA 8- iwoksZDr U;kf;d n`"Vkarksa esa izfrikfnr O;oLFkk o f}rh; vihy ds Ldksi vkfn ds lanHkZ esa vfHkys[k ij miyC/k lkexzh o lk{; dk /;kuiwoZd voyksdu djus ls ;g Li"V gksrk gS fd nksuksa fo}ku v/khuLFk U;k;ky;ksa } kjk vfHkys[k ij miyC/k rF;ksa] ifjfLFkfr;ksa ,oa Lohd`fr dh vuns[kh dh gks ;k tks rF; vfHkys[k ij miyC/k ugha gS] ml ij fopkj fd;k gks ;k lkfcr rF;ksa ds laca/k esa dksbZ xyr bUÝsal gks] ,slk n`f"Vxr ugha gksrk gS] fo}ku fopkj.k rFkk vihyh; U;k;ky; }kjk miyC/k lk{; o lkexzh dk lgh :i ls fo'ys"k.k o foospu fd;k gS rFkk fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk ikfjr fu.kZ; dh iqf"V fo}ku vihyh; U;k;ky; }kjk dh x;h gS] bl izdkj leorhZ rF;kRed fu"d"kZ jgk gaS] blfy, mijksDr fu.kZ;ksa esa gLr{ksi fd, tkus ds dksbZ fof/klEer vk/kkj ugha gSA 9- vr% nksuksa gh v/khuLFk U;k;ky;ksa }kjk mDr lEcU/k esa vfHkfyf[kr leorhZ rF;kRed fu"d"kksZa esa fdlh izdkj dh dksbZ =qfV vFkok izfrdwyrk ugha gksus ls o bl f}rh; vihy esa fof/k dk dksbZ lkjHkwr iz'u ugha gksus ls ;g f}rh; vihy xzg.kkFkZ Lrj ij gh fujLr fd;s tkus ;ksX; gS] tks ,rn~}kjk fujLr dh tkrh gSA 10- LFkxu vkosnu o vU; vkosnu] ;fn dksbZ yafcr gksa] rks os Hkh mDrkuqlkj fuLrkfjr fd;s tkrs gSaA (UMA SHANKER VYAS),J Mittal /102