Research › Search › Judgment
High Court of Karnataka · body
2025 DAILYLAW 43381 (KAR)
ANNARAYA v. AKBAR AND ORS
MFA/203514/2024 · 2025-10-28
H T Narendra Prasad, Tyagaraja N Inavally
body2025
[ 2025 DAILYLAW 43381 (KAR) · dailylaw.ai ]
[ 2025 DAILYLAW 43381 (KAR) · dailylaw.ai ]
Judgment text
Extracted from the PDF above. The PDF is authoritative.
- 1 -
!"#
$ %& $
%& "&'"
$$
(') *
! "
###
#$
%#&
% '##
"(&%) *))+$
%#&
#&
#
Digitally signed by VARSHA N RASALKAR Location: HIGH COURT OF KARNATAKA
- 2 -
% )#%
+
+
+
#
# &##
,
! #
" #&- .+#- #&$
&
&# # *"$ & ) #& # # #(# ## +
#)+ *& & & ## # # #
# (
# # /+))* #
&0
& # #
# (## #
1 #
# # 1
- 3 -
&
"
1 #
#$
23/ 455647 89:6; 6<=3>9 *"$ >? >=>; 623<76/ <= ) "26;6394?=6; ;6?6;;6: => 4/ @=26 <=0$ 24/ A669 ?376:AB=26<743C49=A639D4DD;36E6:AB=26F8:DC69=49:
4G4;::4=6: +54//6:AB=26::7693>;3E37 8:D649:3F4B458;439>)+ *
&4<=/ D3E39D ;3/6 => =26 ?3739D >? =26 455647 A;36?7B /=4=6: 4;6 =24= >9 G269 =26 <743C49= G4/ 5;><66:39D >9 C>=>;<B<76 A64;39D ;6D3/=;4=3>9 >%' ?;>C 3F4B458;4 3=B =>G4;:/ >;4E3 ;>4: G269 26 <4C6 964; C669 6:3<47 >776D6 >/53=47 >;4E3 ;>4: 3F4B458; 4= =24= =3C6 49>=26;
C>=>;<B<76 A64;39D ;6D3/=;4=3>9 >%) *))+ A639D ;3::69 AB 3=/ :;3E6; 4= 4 23D2 /566: 49: 39 4 ;4/2 49: 96D73D69=C4996;49:<4C6>9G;>9D/3:6>?=26;>4:49: :4/26:=>=26E623<76>?=26<743C49=/4;6/87=>?=26 4?>;6/43: 4<<3:69= =26 <743C49= /8/=4396: D;36E>8/
- 4 -
39F8;36/9=23/<>996<=3>93F4B458;4;4??3<
>73<624E6 ;6D3/=6;6:=26<4/6
26<743C49=?376:456=3=3>989:6;6<=3>9 >?=26<=/66H39D<>C569/4=3>9=G4/5764:6:=24=26 /569= 28D6 4C>89= =>G4;:/ C6:3<47 6I569/6/ <>9E6B49<6<24;D6/6=<=G4/?8;=26;5764:6:=24==26 4<<3:69= ><<8;;6: 58;67B >9 4<<>89= >? =26 ;4/2 49: 96D73D69=:;3E39D>?=26>??69:39DE623<76AB3=/;3:6; + 9/6;E3<6>?9>=3<6;6/5>9:69=>39/8;6;>? =26 C>=>;<B<76 A64;39D >%) *))+ 45564;6: =2;>8D2 <>89/67 49: ?376: G;3==69 /=4=6C69= 49:
;6/5>9:69= >+>G96; 49: ;6/5>9:69= >39/8;6; >? C>=>;<B<76 A64;39D >%' 24E6 ?376: =263; G;3==69/=4=6C69=/654;4=67B
26 ;6/5>9:69= >>G96; 49: ;6/5>9:69= >;3:6;>?=26C>=>;<B<76A64;39D>%) *))+:3: 9>=45564;A6?>;6=26;3A894739/53=6>?/6;E3<6>?9>=3<6 49:=26BG6;6574<6:6I54;=6
- 5 -
9=26A4/3/>?=265764:39D/>?=2654;=36/=26 743C/;3A8947?;4C6:=263//86/49:=26;64?=6;;6<>;:6:
=266E3:69<626<743C49=23C/67?G4/6I4C396:4/
( 49:#;26H24;
;4H4/247E6G4/6I4C396:4/
(49:
D>= 6I23A3=6: :><8C69=/ 94C67B I
=> I
9 A6247?>?=26;6/5>9:69=>/49:24E66I4C396:=263;
4G ??3<6;/ 4/ ( 49: ( 49: D>= 6I23A3=6: :><8C69=/94C67BI49:I * 26 743C/ ;3A8947 AB =26 3C58D96: F8:DC69=267:=24==264<<3:69==>>H574<6>9 4<<>89= >? ;4/2 49: 96D73D69= ;3:39D >? =26 C>=>;<B<76 G23<2<4C6>9G;>9D/3:6>?=26;>4:49::4/26:=>=26 E623<76>?=26<743C49=4/4;6/87=>?G23<2=26<743C49= /8/=4396: 39F8;36/ 26 ;3A8947 24/ 4G4;:6:
<>C569/4=3>9 >? / * >8= >? 3= =26 <743C49= 3/ 69=3=76: => J <>C569/4=3>9 36 / 47>9D G3=2 39=6;6/= 4= =26 ;4=6 >?
J 54 49: :3;6<=6: =26 ;6/5>9:69= >/ 49: => :65>/3= =26 <>C569/4=3>9
- 6 -
4C>89=47>9DG3=239=6;6/=639D4DD;36E6:=265;6/69= 45564724/A669?376:
26764;96:<>89/67?>;=26<743C49=24/;43/6: =26?>77>G39D<>9=69=3>9/ ) &3;/=7B6E69=2>8D2=26<743C49=<743C/=24=26 G4/ :>39D 4D;3<87=8;6 G>;H 49: 64;939D / => / 56; 4998C A8= =26 ;3A8947 24/ =4H69 =26 9>=3>94739<>C64/C6;67B4//* 5C 6<>9:7B=26<743C49=24/6I4C396:=26:><=>;
4/
( 26 :><=>; 39 23/ 6E3:69<6 24/ /=4=6: =24= =26 <743C49=24//8??6;6::3/4A373=B>?J=>54;=3<874;;3D2= 7>G6; 73CA 8= =26 ;3A8947 24/ =4H69 =26 G2>76 A>:B :3/4A373=B4=*JG23<23/>9=267>G6;/3:6 4/=7B 26 24/ <>9=69:6: =24= :86 => =26 4<<3:69==26<743C49=24//8/=4396:D;36E>8/39F8;36/6 G4/=;64=6:4/3954=369=?>;456;3>:>?:4B/E694?=6;
:3/<24;D6 ?;>C =26 2>/53=47 26 G4/ 9>= 39 4 5>/3=3>9 => :3/<24;D6 23/ ;6D874; G>;H 6 24/ /8??6;6: 7>= >? 5439
- 7 -
:8;39D =;64=C69= >9/3:6;39D =26 /4C6 =26 <>C569/4=3>94G4;:6:AB=26;3A894789:6;=26264:/>? 17>// >? 4C693=36/1 15439 49: /8??6;39D/1 49: >=26;
39<3:69=47 6I569/6/ 4;6 >9 =26 7>G6; /3:6 69<6 26 />8D2=?>;69249<6C69=>?<>C569/4=3>9 9=26>=26;249:=26764;96:<>89/67?>;=26 9/8;49<6 >C549B 24/ ;43/6: ?>77>G39D <>89=6; <>9=69=3>9/ 9 ;6/56<= >? 734A373=B 26 24/ <>9=69:6: =24= ;3A8947 24/ 267: ;3:6; >? =26 C>=>;<B<76 A64;39D 6D>%' 24/ <>9=;3A8=6: J => =26 4<<3:69= 26 /43: E623<76 3/ 39/8;6: G3=2 ;6/5>9:69= >;369=47 9/8;49<6 >C549B G3=2 4 54<H4D6 5>73<B =26B 24E6 <>776<=6: / ?>; 56;/>947 4<<3:69= <743C <<>;:39D7B =26 <743C49= 3/ 69=3=76: ?>; / <>C569/4=3>9=26;3A894724/9>=D;49=6:<>C569/4=3>9 89:6;=26264:
- 8 -
+ 4/=7B2624/<>9=69:6:=24=39;6/56<=>? J >?=26<>C569/4=3>93/<>9<6;96:=26734A373=B3/?4/=696:
>9;6/5>9:69=>/49:G2>4;6=26>G96;49:;3:6;>? =26 C>=>;<B<76 A64;39D >%) *))+ 26 /43:
E623<76 G4/ 39/8;6: G3=2 #& 9/8;49<6 >C549B 36 6/5>9:69= > E69 =2>8D2 ;3:6; >? =26 C>=>;<B<76 G4/ 9>= 24E39D E473: 49: 6??6<=3E6 :;3E39D 73<69<6 39 ;6/56<=>?<743C3/<>9<6;96:=2639/8;49<6<>C549B24/ => 54B =26 <>C569/4=3>9 4C>89= G3=2 73A6;=B => ;6<>E6; =26/4C6?;>C=26>G96;>?=26E623<769/855>;=>?23/ <>9=69=3>92624/;6736:>9F8:DC69=>?&87769<2>?=23/ >8;=39<4/6>? !"
764;96: <>89/67 45564;39D ?>; =26 ;369=47 9/8;49<6 >C549B 24/ <>9=69:6: =24= J >? =26734A373=B3/=>A6?4/=696:>9=26;3:6;>?=26C>=>;<B<76 A64;39D 6D>%' G23<2 3/ 39/8;6: G3=2 >;369=4739/8;49<6<>C549B39<6=2639/8;6:23C/67?G4/ 96D73D69=39<48/39D=264<<3:69==2639/8;49<6<>C549B
- 9 -
3/ 9>= 734A76 => 54B 49B <>C569/4=3>9 4C>89= 26 ;3A8947 24/ ;3D2=7B 6I>96;4=6: =24= 39/8;49<6 <>C549B ?;>C54B39D=26<>C569/4=3>9 64;96: <>89/67 45564;39D ?>; =26 #& 39/8;49<6 <>C549B <>9=69:6: =24= =26 ;3A8947 24/ 267:
=24= =26 ;3:6; >? >??69:39D E623<76 A64;39D 6D>% ) *))+ 24/ <>9=;3A8=6: J => =26 4<<3:69= 39<6 ;3:6; >? =26 /43: C>=>;<B<76 G4/ 9>= 24E39D E473: 49:
4??6<=3E6 :;3E39D 73<69<6 6 24/ E3>74=6: =26 5>73<B <>9:3=3>9 ;3A8947 24/ ;3D2=7B ?4/=696: 734A373=B >9 =26 >G96; >?
=26 >??69:39D E623<76 69<6 26 />8D2= ?>; :3/C3//47>?=26455647 * 64;: =26 764;96: <>89/67 ?>; =26 54;=36/ 49: 56;8/6:=26F8:DC69=49:4G4;:>?=26;3A8947 = 3/ 9>= 39 :3/58=6 =24= =26 <743C49= 24/ /8/=4396:39F8;36/39=26;>4:=;4??3<4<<3:69=><<8;;6:>9 :86 => ;4/2 49: 96D73D69= ;3:39D >? ;3:6; >? C>=>;<B<76 A64;39D 6D>%' 49: ;3:6; >? - 10 -
C>=>;<B<76 A64;39D 6D>%) *))+ 26 ;3A8947 4?=6;<>9/3:6;39D=266E3:69<6>?477=2654;=36/267:=24= ;3:6;/ >? A>=2 C>=>;<B<76/ G6;6 96D73D69= 39 <48/39D =26 4<<3:69= => =26 6I=69= >? J 64<2 26 <743C49= G4/ ;3:39D=26C>=>;<B<76A64;39D6D>%'/39<6 2623C/67?3/=26=>;=?64/6;263/:3;6<=6:=>54B=>=26 6I=69= >? J >97B 6 3/ 69=3=76: => >97B 56;/>947 4<<3:69= <743C 4/ 56; =26 5>73<B 3//86: AB =26 ;369=47 9/8;49<6>C549B26;6?>;6=26<743C49=3/69=3=76:=> / ?;>C=26;369=479/8;49<6>C549B ) 9;6/56<=>? J96D73D69<624/A669?4/=696: >9=26>G96;>?=26>??69:39DE623<76A64;39D6D>% ) *))+ 3/ <>9<6;96: =26 /43: E623<76 3/ <>E6;6: G3=2 E473:39/8;49<65>73<BG3=2#& 696;479/8;49<6 >C549B3C3=6:E69=2>8D2=26/43:E623<763/<>E6;6: G3=239/8;49<65>73<B=2639/8;6:;3:6;>?=26C>=>;<B<76 G4/9>=24E39DE473:49:6??6<=3E6:;3E39D73<69<6/39<626 24/E3>74=6:=265>73<B<>9:3=3>9=269/8;49<6>C549B 3/ 9>= 734A76 => 54B 49B <>C569/4=3>9 >G6E6; 39
- 11 -
;6/56<=>?=23;:54;=B3/<>9<6;96:39E36G>?F8:DC69=>? =23/ >8;= 39 =26 <4/6 >? "/85;4$ 4= =26 ?3;/= 249: =26 9/8;49<6 >C549B 24/ => 54B =26 <>C569/4=3>9 4C>89= G3=2 73A6;=B => ;6<>E6; =26 /4C6 ?;>C=26>G96;>?=26C>=>;<B<76G3=2;6/56<==> J 9 ;6/56<= >? K849=8C 3/ <>9<6;96: =26 ;3A8947 24/ ;3D2=7B 4 6: =26 C>9=27B 39<>C6 >? =26 <743C49= 4= /* 9 ;6/56<= >? :3/4A373=B 3/ <>9<6;96:=26<743C49=24/6I4C396:=26:><=>;4/
( 9 23/ 6E3:69<6
( :65>/6: =24= =26 <743C49= 24/ /8??6;6: J :3/4A373=B => ;3D2= 7>G6; 73CA >9/3:6;39D =264D649:4E><4=3>9>?=26<743C49=49:=266E3:69<6>? :><=>;49:C6:3<47;6<>;:/G64;6>?=26>5393>9=24==26 G2>76 A>:B :3/4A373=B 24/ => A6 4 6: 4= J 26 C87=35736;45573<4A76 => 23/ 4D6 D;>85 3/ @)0 <<>;:39D7B =26 7>// >? ?8=8;6 39<>C6 3/ ;64 6: 4/ )+
"* II)I J$ #86 => =26 4<<3:69==26<743C49=24/ /8??6;6:
D;36E>8/ 39F8;36/ 6 G4/ 4:C3==6: 4/ 3954=369= ?>; 4
- 12 -
56;3>:>??3E6:4B/624//8??6;6: J:3/4A373=B=>=26 G2>76A>:B>9/3:6;39D=26C6:3<47;6<>;:/49:39F8;36/ /8??6;6: AB =26 <743C49= G6 4;6 >? =26 >5393>9 =24= =26 <>C569/4=3>9 4G4;:6: AB =26 ;3A8947 89:6; =26 264:
@5439 49: /8??6;39D0 3/ 69249<6: ?;>C / => /+ >9/3:6;39D =26 94=8;6 >? 39F8;36/ =26 <>C569/4=3>94G4;:6:AB=26;3A894789:6;>=26;264:/ 3/F8/=49:;64/>94A76 28/ =26 <743C49= 3/ 69=3=76: => =26 ?>77>G39D <>C569/4=3>9
+,-./012.3.4-5 42-5-.1-04/ /06054-4 7819- 5273.0: (/) /06054-4 78192/351 (/) 43949:/8??6;39D/
+ 6:3<476I569/6/ ** ** >//>?39<>C6:8;39D743: 8556;3>:
* * >//>??8=8;639<>C649: 4C693=36/
)+ &8=8;6C6:3<476I569/6/ + +
10: /<47<874=6:AB=26 ;3A8947
##
" *$
#;#
- 13 -
+ 9=26;6/87==26?>77>G39D>;:6;3/54//6: # 4$ 264556473/0::6-42.,051 A$ 26 F8:DC69= >?
=26 743C/ ;3A8947 3/ C>:3?36: <$ 26 <743C49= 3/ 69=3=76: => =>=47 <>C569/4=3>9>?/ #
#!;< :$ 26 ;6/5>9:69= >#& 696;47 9/8;49<6 >C549B 3/ :3;6<=6: => :65>/3= J >? /)** 36 /+) 47>9D G3=2 39=6;6/= 4= J 54 ?;>C =26 :4=6 >? ?3739D >? =26 <743C 56=3=3>9 =377 =26 :4=6 >? ;6473L4=3>9 G3=239 4 56;3>: >? /3I G66H/ ?;>C =26 :4=6 >? ;6<635= >? <>5B >? =23/ F8:DC69= G3=2 73A6;=B => ;6<>E6; =26 /4C6 ?;>C =26 >G96; >? =26 >??69:39D E623<76
- 14 -
6$ 6/5>9:69= > ;369=47 9/8;49<6 >C549B 3/ :3;6<=6: => :65>/3= / 47>9D G3=2 39=6;6/= 4= =26 ;4=6 >? J 56; 4998C G3=239 /3I G66H/ ?;>C =26 :4=6 >? ;6<635= >? <>5B >? =23/ F8:DC69= ?$ 26 ;3A8947 3/ :3;6<=6: => ;6764/6 =26 69=3;6 4C>89= 39 ?4E>8; >? =26 <743C49= 4?=6;:863:69=3?3<4=3>949:E6;3?3<4=3>9
4< ($ ) &
4< ("&'") &
3/=>7>