[2025:RJ-JP:39242] HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE FOR RAJASTHAN BENCH AT JAIPUR S.B. Civil Second Appeal No. 618/2019 Durga Narain Sharma S/o Ram Gopal Sharma, Aged About 64 Years, R/o H.no. 2235, Sailon Ki Gali, Gangauri Bazar, Jaipur (Raj) ----Appellant Versus 1. Rajani Sharma D/o Ram Gopal Sharma, Aged About 58 Years, R/o H.no. 2235, Sailon Ki Gali, Gangauri Bazar, Jaipur (Raj) 2. Smt. Urmila Sharma W/o Shri Sharad Mishra, Aged About 59 Years, Resident Of 6/129, Agrawal Farm, Mansarovar, Jaipur (Raj) ----Respondents For Appellant(s) : Mr. Ashok Kumar Pareek, Adv. Ms. Rani Bhandari, Adv. Mr. Deepak Kumar Meena, Adv. For Respondent(s) : Mr. Mukesh Kumar Goyal, Adv. Ms. Ritu Jindal, Adv. Ms. Anjali Sharma, Adv. HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE UMA SHANKER VYAS Judgment / Order 23/09/2025 1- vihykFkhZ@izfroknh dh vksj ls ;g f}rh; vihy vUrxZr /kkjk 100 lh-ih-lh- fo}ku vij ftyk U;k;k/kh'k la[;k&2] t;iqj egkuxj] t;iqj }kjk nhokuh fu;fer vihy la[;k 06@2014 esa ikfjr fu.kZ; fnukad 10-10-2019 ls O;fFkr gksdj is'k dh gS ftlds ek/;e ls vihykFkhZ@izfroknh dh vihy [kkfjt djrs gq, fo}ku vfrfjDr flfoy U;k;k/kh'k ¼d0[k0½ dze&3 t;iqj egkuxj }kjk nhokuh okn la[;k 178@2012 esa ikfjr fu.kZ; fnukad 29-03-2014 dh iqf"V dh x;h] ftlds ek/;e ls izR;FkhZ@oknhx.k dk okn ckcr~ LFkk;h fu"ks/kkKk Lohdkj dj vihykFkhZ@izfroknh dks fuEukuqlkj ikcan fd;k x;k %& [2025:RJ-JP:39242] (2 of 6) [CSA-618/2019] **oknh oknhx.k fo:) izfroknh bl vk'k; dh LFkkbZ fu"ks/kkKk izkIr djus ds vf/kdkjh gS fd & 1& izfroknh okn i= ds lkFk layXu uD'kk izn'kZ&3 esa nf'kZr laifRr dh pkSMkbZ ds lsUVj e/; Hkkx ij foHkktu nhokj ds HkwHkkx ij dksbZ fuekZ.k dk;Z ugha djsa djkosA 2& izfroknh dks bl vk'k; dh vkns'kkRed fu"ks/kkKk ls ikcan fd;k tkrk gS fd izfroknh }kjk vius fgLls esa oknhx.k ds vMok fd;s x;s fuekZ.k esa tks f[kMfd;ka oknhx.k dh laifRr dh rjQ [kksyh x;h gS mls Lo;a ds [kpsZ ls can djok;sA** 2- fo}ku vf/koDrk vihykFkhZ rFkk izR;FkhZ dh cgl lquhA pwafd ;g f}rh; flfoy vihy gS] vr% ,slh fLFkfr esa tc rd fof/k dk lkjoku iz'u varoZfyr ugha gks] rc rd lquokbZ gsrq xzg.k ugha dh tk ldrh gS rFkk fopkj.k o vihyh; U;k;ky; }kjk tks fu"d"kZ fn;k x;k gS] mlesa lkekU; :i ls gLr{ksi fd;k tkuk mfpr ugha gSA bl laca/k esa ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; }kjk Boodireddy Chandraiah and Ors. Versus Arigda Laxmi and Anr. AIR 2008 SC 380 ds iSjk la[;k 13 esa fuEufyf[kr fl)kar izfrikfnr fd;k x;k gS %& "13. The general rule is that High Court will not interfere with concurrent findings of the Courts below. But it is not an absolute rule. Some of the well recognized exceptions are where (i) the courts below have ignored material evidence or acted on no evidence; (ii) the courts have drawn wrong inferences from proved facts by applying the law erroneously; or (iii) the courts have wrongly cast the burden of proof. When we refer to 'decision based on no evidence', it not only refers to cases where there is a total dearth of evidence, but also refers to any case, where the evidence, taken as a whole, is not reasonably capable of supporting the finding." 3- ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; }kjk vU; U;kf;d fu.kZ; Gurnam Singh vs. Lehna Singh 2019 (7) SCC 641 esa Hkh mijksDr er O;Dr djrs gq, ;g vfHkfu/kkZfjr fd;k x;k gS fd f}rh; vihy esa lk{; dk iqu% fo'ys"k.k o foospu vuqKs; ugha gS] mijksDr fu.kZ; dk lqlaxr Hkkx fuEukuqlkj gS%& [2025:RJ-JP:39242] (3 of 6) [CSA-618/2019] "Before parting with the present judgment, we remind the High Courts that the jurisdiction of the High Court, in an appeal under Section 100 CPC, is strictly confined to the case involving substantial question of law and while deciding the second appeal under Section 100 CPC, it is not permissible for the High Court to reappreciate the evidence on record and interfere with the findings recorded by the courts below and/or the first appellate court and if the first appellate court has exercised its discretion in a judicial manner, its decision cannot be recorded as suffering from an error either of law or of procedure requiring interference in second appeal. We have noticed and even as repeatedly observed by this Court and even in Narayanan Rajendran v. Lekshmy Sarojini [Narayanan Rajendran v. Lekshmy Sarojini, (2009) 5 SCC 264 : (2009) 2 SCC (Civ) 500] , despite the catena of decisions of this Court and even the mandate under Section 100 CPC, the High Courts under Section 100 CPC are disturbing the concurrent findings of facts and/or even the findings recorded by the first appellate court, either without formulating the substantial question of law or on framing erroneous substantial question of law." 4- fof/k dk lkjoku iz'u D;k gksxk] bl laca/k esa ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; }kjk Santosh Hazari Versus Purushottam Tiwari (Dead) by L.Rs AIR 2001 SC 965 ds iSjk la[;k&12 esa fuEufyf[kr fl)kar izfrikfnr fd;k x;k gS%& "12. The phrase 'substantial question of law', as occurring in the amended Section 100 is not defined in the Code. The word substantial, as qualifying 'question of law', means — of having substance, essential, real, of sound worth, important or considerable. It is to be understood as something in contradistinction with — technical, of no substance or consequence, or academic merely. However, it is clear that the legislature has chosen not to qualify the scope of 'substantial question of law' by [2025:RJ-JP:39242] (4 of 6) [CSA-618/2019] suffixing the words “of general importance” as has been done in many other provisions such as Section 109 of the Code or Article 133(1)(a) of the Constitution. The substantial question of law on which a second appeal shall be heard need not necessarily be a substantial question of law of general importance. In Guran Ditta v. T. Ram Ditta [AIR 1928 PC 172 : 55 IA 235] , the phrase 'substantial question of law' as it was employed in the last clause of the then existing Section 110 CPC (since omitted by the Amendment Act, 1973) came up for consideration and their Lordships held that it did not mean a substantial question of general importance but a substantial question of law which was involved in the case as between the parties......" 5- fo}ku vf/koDrk vihykFkhZ dk ;g rdZ gS fd jkthukek izn'kZ&7 rFkk fu.kZ; o fMdzh dze'k% izn'kZ&1 o 2 dh ikyuk esa ekSds ij dksbZ ikfVZ'ku nhokj ugha cuh gS] vr% ,slh fLFkfr esa ml nhokj ij fuekZ.k djrs gq, oknh dh vksj f[kMdh&njokts fudkyus dk vkjksi rFkk fopkj.k o vihyh; U;k;ky; dk fu"d"kZ rF;ksa o fof/k ds foijhr gSA nksuksa U;k;ky;ksa }kjk egRoiw.kZ rF;ksa dks utjvUnkt fd;k x;k gS] vr% ,slh fLFkfr esa nksuksa fu.kZ; vikLr gksus ;ksX; gSA 6- blds foijhr fo}ku vf/koDrk izR;FkhZ }kjk ;g rdZ fn;k x;k gS fd ekSds ij ikfVZ'ku nhokj cuuk ugha Hkh ekuk tkos rc Hkh ml le; LFkk;h fu"ks/kkKk dk vuqrks"k Lohdk;Z gSA izfroknh }kjk foHkktu ds ckn oknhx.k dh laifRr dh rjQ izFke] f}rh; o r`rh; eafty ij f[kMdh&njokts fudkys gSa] tks fof/k fo:) gS rFkk fopkj.k o vihyh; U;k;ky; }kjk leorhZ fu"d"kZ nrs gq, bu dks can djus gsrq vkKkid fu"ks/kkKk tkjh dh gS] tks fof/k lEer gSA ;g Hkh fuosnu fd;k fd orZeku ekeys esa fof/k dk dksbZ lkjoku iz'u vUrxZzLr ugha gS] vr% leorhZ fu"d"kZ esa dksbZ gLr{ksi fd;k tkuk mfpr ugha gSA 7- lqlaxr rF; ;g gS fd oknhx.k o izfroknh lxs HkkbZ cfgu gS rFkk izfroknh }kjk vius thoudky esa vius firk ds fo:) foHkktu dk okn [2025:RJ-JP:39242] (5 of 6) [CSA-618/2019] izLrqr fd;k x;k Fkk ftlesa oknhx.k ckn esa i{kdkj ds :i esa la;ksftr gq, gSaA ;g Hkh fooknjfgr gS fd edku uacj 2235 ds foHkktu ds ekeys esa i{kdkjksa }kjk jkthukek izn'kZ&7 izLrqr fd;k x;k rFkk mlds vk/kkj ij foHkktu ds laca/kesa fu.kZ; o fMdzh izn'kZ&1 o 2 ikfjr gqbZ ftlds vuqlkj oknxzLr laifRr dk vk/kk fgLlk if'pe dh vksj oknhx.k ds fgLls esa rFkk iwohZ rjQ dk fgLlk izfroknh ds fgLls esa j[kk x;k vkSj ;g r; gqvk fd nksuksa foHkkftr fgLlksa ds chp ,d ikfVZ'ku nhokj cukbZ tk,xh vkSj ml ij fdlh Hkh i{k }kjk dksbZ fuekZ.k dk;Z ugha fd;k tk,xk rFkk ,d&nwljs dh rjQ izFke o f}rh; eafty esa gksus okys i'pkr~orhZ fuekZ.k esa ,d&nwljs ds f[kMdh&njokts ugha j[ks tk,axsA 8- mijksDr jkthukes ds mijkar fu.kZ; o fMØh ikfjr gksus ij oknhx.k }kjk uohu okn la[;k 178@2012 izLrqr dj ;g vfHkdfFkr fd;k fd izfroknh ekSds ij ikfVZ'ku nhokj ij fuekZ.k djus ij vkeknk gS rFkk izfroknh }kjk oknhx.k dh rjQ bl ikfVZ'ku nhokj ds vM+ok vius edku esas fuekZ.k djrs gq, f[kMdh&njokts fudky fy, gSa] mUgsa gVkus gsrq vkKkid O;kns'k tkjh fd;k tkosA ;g okn orZeku oknhx.k ds i{k esa fMØh gqvk rFkk mlds fo#) izfroknh dh vihy Hkh [kkfjt gqbZA lk{; ls ;g Li"V gS fd ekSds ij dfFkr ikfVZ'ku nhokj dk fuekZ.k jkthukes ds eqrkfcd ugha gqvk] ijarq ;g Hkh Li"V gS fd izfroknh us vius fgLls esa fuekZ.k djrs gq, vius ifjlj ds f[kMdh&njokts oknhx.k dh rjQ j[ks gSa] tks jkthukes dk mYya?ku gS vkSj bl vk/kkj ij oknhx.k dk okn fMØh fd;k x;k gS] vihyh; U;k;ky; dk fu.kZ; Hkh leorhZ jgk gSA 9- iwoksZDr U;kf;d n`"Vkarksa esa izfrikfnr O;oLFkk o f}rh; vihy ds Ldksi vkfn ds lanHkZ esa vfHkys[k ij miyC/k lkexzh o lk{; dk /;kuiwoZd voyksdu djus ls ;g Li"V gksrk gS fd nksuksa fo}ku v/khuLFk U;k;ky;ksa }kjk vfHkys[k ij miyC/k rF;ksa] ifjfLFkfr;ksa ,oa Lohd`fr dh vuns[kh dh gks ;k tks rF; vfHkys[k ij miyC/k ugha gS] ml ij fopkj fd;k gks ;k lkfcr rF;ksa ds laca/k esa dksbZ xyr bUÝsal gks] ,slk n`f"Vxr ugha gksrk gS] fo}ku fopkj.k rFkk vihyh; U;k;ky; }kjk miyC/k lk{; o lkexzh dk lgh :i ls fo'ys"k.k o foospu fd;k gS rFkk fopkj.k U;k;ky; [2025:RJ-JP:39242] (6 of 6) [CSA-618/2019] }kjk ikfjr fu.kZ; dh iqf"V fo}ku vihyh; U;k;ky; }kjk dh x;h gS] bl izdkj leorhZ rF;kRed fu"d"kZ jgk gaS] blfy, mijksDr fu.kZ;ksa esa gLr{ksi fd, tkus ds dksbZ fof/klEer vk/kkj ugha gSA 10- vr% nksuksa gh v/khuLFk U;k;ky;ksa }kjk mDr lEcU/k esa vfHkfyf[kr leorhZ rF;kRed fu"d"kksZa esa fdlh izdkj dh dksbZ =qfV vFkok izfrdwyrk ugha gksus ls o bl f}rh; vihy esa fof/k dk dksbZ iz'u vFkok fof/k dk dksbZ lkjHkwr iz'u ugha gksus ls ;g f}rh; vihy xzg.kkFkZ Lrj ij gh fujLr fd;s tkus ;ksX; gS] tks ,rn~}kjk fujLr dh tkrh gSA 11- LFkxu vkosnu o vU; vkosnu] ;fn dksbZ yafcr gksa] rks os Hkh mDrkuqlkj fuLrkfjr fd;s tkrs gSaA (UMA SHANKER VYAS),J Murari Lal Sharma /38