1 NAFR HIGH COURT OF CHHATTISGARH AT BILASPUR ACQA No. 315 of 2025 1 - Cholamandalam Investment And Finance Co. Ltd. Branch Office- Shop No. 506-509, Fifth Floor, National Corporate Office Park, G.E. Road, Dist - Raipur Chhattisgarh. Through Authorized Officer- Ajay Soni(Counsel/officer In The Court Below) ... Appellant(s) versus 1 - Kuleshwari Kuldeep W/o Shri Bajrang Devwanshi, R/o House No. 185, School Para, Boraigaon, Dist. Gariyaband Chhattisgarh. ... Respondent(s) For Appellant : Ms. Anamika Jain, Advocate, on behalf of Mr. Devershi Thakur, Advocate. For Respondent : None Hon'ble Shri Justice Sanjay Kumar Jaiswal Order on Board 19/09/2025 1. This acquittal appeal U/s 419(4) of BNSS, 2023 has been filed questioning the impugned order dated 13.02.2025 passed by the Judicial Magistrate First Class, Raipur, District Raipur (CG) by which the Complaint Case No.752/2022 filed by the appellant/complainant was BHOLA NATH KHATAI Digitally signed by BHOLA NATH KHATAI Date: 2025.09.22 14:13:01 +0530 2 dismissed due to non-prosecution under Section 256 of CrPC, which amounts to the acquittal of the Respondent/accused from the charge of committing the offence under Section 138 of N.I. Act. 2. The appellant/complainant filed a complaint case which has been dismissed by invoking the power under Section 256 of the CrPC by learned Magistrate vide order dated 13.02.2025. Hence this Appeal. 3. Learned counsel for the appellant/complainant submits that the complainant was continuously appearing before the learned trial Court. Though on the date of hearing the complainant was not present, without any opportunity, the trial Court has dismissed the complaint in a mechanical manner, which is not sustainable. He would submit that the counsel for the complainant had noted the next date wrongly due to which he could not appear before the trial Court on the date of hearing. Therefore, considering these grounds, for the ends of justice, he prays to allow the appeal and to remit the matter to the concerned trial Court to decide the same on its own merits. 4. Heard learned counsel for the appellant and perused the impugned order and other documents annexed with the Appeal carefully. 5. In the matter of Associated Cement Co. Ltd. vs. Keshvanand1 the Hon’ble Supreme Court has held that Section 256 of the Code imposes two constraints on the Court for exercising the power for dismissing the complaint and provides as under:- “17. Reading the Section in its entirety would reveal that two constraints are imposed on the court for exercising the power under the Section. The first is, if the court thinks that in a situation it is proper to adjourn the hearing then the Magistrate shall not acquit the 3 accused. The second is, when the Magistrate considers that personal attendance of the complainant is not necessary on that day the Magistrate has the power to dispense with his attendance and proceed with the case. When the court notices that the complainant is absent on a particular day the court must consider whether personal attendance of the complainant is essential on that day for the progress of the case and also whether the situation does not justify the case being adjourned to another date due to any other reason. If the situation does not justify the case being adjourned the court is free to dismiss the complaint and acquit the accused. But if the presence of the complainant on that day was quite unnecessary then resorting to the step of axing down the complaint may not be a proper exercise of the power envisaged in the section. The discretion must therefore be exercised judicially and fairly without impairing the cause of administration of criminal justice.” 6. In view of the aforesaid legal provision, it is explicit that before proceeding to dismiss the complaint, in the absence of complainant, in exercise of jurisdiction under Section 256 of the CrPC, it must be considered by the Court whether the presence of the complainant is really necessary and the Court should act judicially and not capriciously as the duty has been cast on the Court to consider whether the personal attendance of the complainant is or is not necessary. The discretion vested in the Court should be exercised carefully and not hastily. An order of acquittal under Section 256 of the CrPC would bar a fresh trial and therefore, such an order is of immense significance. The order must show that the wide discretion vested in the Court had properly been exercised in accordance with law. 7. Reverting back to the facts of the present case, it is evident that this is a cheque bounce case involving an amount of ₹2,38,975. The complaint was filed on 10.02.2022 and 4 registered on the same day. An order was issued for process fee to ensure the presence of the accused. For three years, the case was scheduled for the appearance of the accused and orders for process fee were repeatedly issued. However, the record does not show that the complainant ever submitted the process fee. The complainant remained absent even on the last date of hearing i.e. 13.02.2025. So the trial Court, without any opportunity, dismissed the complaint case on the ground of default/absence of the complainant. In such circumstances, this Court is of the view that a strong case is made out in favour of the appellant/complainant to restore the case to decide on its own merits. 8. Consequently, the impugned order being unsustainable is hereby set aside and the complaint case is directed to be restored to its original file for hearing and disposal on merits in accordance with law subject to payment of cost of Rs.3,000/- before the DLSA, Raipur (CG) within a week from the date of receipt of copy of this order. 9. The petitioner is directed to appear before the trial Court on 13th October, 2025. 10. The trial Court is directed to give full opportunity of hearing to both the parties and then decide the matter on its own merits. 11. Resultantly, the Acquittal Appeal is allowed at the admission stage. 12. Let a copy of this order along with the record be sent to the concerned trial Court forthwith. Sd/- (Sanjay Kumar Jaiswal) Khatai Judge