[2025:RJ-JP:16346] HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE FOR RAJASTHAN BENCH AT JAIPUR S.B. Civil Miscellaneous Appeal No. 1010/2023 Vishal Verma S/o Ladu Ram Verma, Age 37 Years, R/o Plot No. A-25, Sadamapuri, Agra Road, Jaipur. ----Appellant Versus 1. Mukesh Kumar S/o Shree Sagarmal, Age 34 Years, R/o Plot No. 156-A, Yojna Alkapuri, Niwaru Road, Jhotwara, Jaipur. 2. Smt. Aditi Revadiya W/o Shree Mukesh Kumar, Age 29 Years, R/o Plot No. 156-A, Yojna Alkapuri, Niwaru Road, Jhotwara, Jaipur. ----Respondents For Appellant(s) : Mr. Rajesh Maharishi, Adv. For Respondent(s) : Mr. Yunus Khan, Adv. HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE ASHUTOSH KUMAR Judgment DATE OF RESERVED :: 18/03/2025 DATE OF PRONOUNCEMENT :: 17/04/2025 1- vihykFkhZ }kjk ;g nhokuh fofo/k vihy vUrxZr /kkjk&104 lifBr vkns'k XLIII fu;e 1¼vkj½ flfoy izfØ;k lafgrk] U;k;ky; vij ftyk ,oa ls'ku U;k;k/kh'k] Øe&2] t;iqj egkuxj&f}rh; ¼ftls vkxs ^v/khuLFk U;k;ky;* ds uke ls lacksf/kr fd;k tk,xk½ }kjk vLFkkbZ fu"ks/kkKk izkFkZuk&i= la[;k&02@2023] eqds'k dqekj o vU; cuke fo'kky 'kekZ esa ikfjr vkns'k fnukad 31-03-2023 ¼ftls vkxs *vkyksP; vkns'k* ds uke ls lacksf/kr fd;k tk,xk½ ls O;fFkr gksdj izLrqr dh xbZ gS] ftlds }kjk v/khuLFk U;k;ky; us izkFkhZx.k&jsLiksaMsaV~l ¼ftUgsa vkxs ^jsLiksaMsaV~l* ds uke ls lacksf/kr fd;k tk,xk½ dh vksj ls izLrqr vLFkkbZ fu"ks/kkKk izkFkZuk&i= [2025:RJ-JP:16346] (2 of 8) [CMA-1010/2023] dks Lohdkj djrs gq, vizkFkhZ&vihykFkhZ dks ewy okn ds fuLrkj.k rd oknxzLr lEifŸk dks fdlh izdkj ls foØ;] jgu] nku ;k vU; fdlh dks vUrfjr ugha djus dh vLFkkbZ fu"ks/kkKk ls ikcUn fd;k x;k gSA 2- ekeys ds lqlaxr rF; bl izdkj gS fd oknxzLr lEifŸk edku uEcj&156&, ;kstuk vYdkiqjh] fuok: jksM+] >ksVokM+k] t;iqj ¼ftls vkxs ^oknxzLr lEifŸk* ds uke ls lacksf/kr fd;k tk,xk½ jsLiksaMsaV~l ds LokfeRo dh lEifŸk FkhA ftls jsLiksaMsaV~l us fnukad 19-07-2022 dks tfj;s jftLVMZ foØ; i= nks xokgksa ds le{k 33]34]000@& #i;s izfrQy ds cnys vihykFkhZ dks cspku dj fn;kA pwafd jsLiksaMsaV~l ds ikl jgus ds fy, vU; dksbZ edku ugha Fkk] bl dkj.k jsLiksaMsaV~l us dqN le; oknxzLr lEifŸk esa gh jgus dh bZPNk izdV dhA blij vihykFkhZ us jsLiksaMsaV~l dks rhu eghus rd oknxzLr lEifŸk esa jgus nsuk Lohdkj fd;kA bl laca/k esa jsLiksaMsaV~l dh vksj ls vihykFkhZ ds i{k esa fnukad 20-07-2022 dks ,d fdjk;kukek Hkh fu"ikfnr fd;k x;kA rhu ekg i'pkr~ fdjk;sukes dh 'krksZa ds vuqlkj jsLiksaMsaV~l us oknxzLr lEifŸk [kkyh ugha dh rks bl laca/k esa vihykFkhZ us ,d fof/kd uksfVl fnukad 25-11-2022 dks jsLiksaMsaV~l dks izsf"kr djok;kA blds ckotwn jsLiksaMsaV~l us oknxzLr lEifŸk [kkyh ugha dhA bl ij vihykFkhZ }kjk jsLiksaMsaV~l ds f[kykQ fnukad 02-01-2023 dks t;iqj egkuxj&f}rh; ds U;k;ky; fdjk;k vf/kdj.k ds le{k oknxzLr ifjlj dks [kkyh djokus ds fy, okn izLrqr dj fn;kA jsLiksaMsaV~l ds eu esa ckn esa csbZekuh vk x;h] bl dkj.k jsLiksaMsaV~l }kjk fnukad 24-01-2023 dks U;k;ky; ftyk ,oa ls'ku U;k;k/kh'k] t;iqj egkuxj&f}rh; esa oknxzLr lEifŸk ds vihykFkhZ ds i{k esa fu"ikfnr iathÑr foØ; i= fnukad 19-07-2022 o fdjk;kukek fnukad 20-07-2022 dks fujLr djok;s tkus dk [2025:RJ-JP:16346] (3 of 8) [CMA-1010/2023] nkok izLrqr dj fn;k rFkk nkos ds lkFk vLFkkbZ fu"ks/kkKk dk ,d izkFkZuk&i= izLrqr fd;kA ftldk fuLrkj.k vyksP; vkns'k fnukad 31-03-2023 }kjk djrs gq, fo}ku v/khuLFk U;k;ky; }kjk ewy okn ds fuLrkj.k rd vihykFkhZ dks bl vk'k; dh vLFkkbZ fu"ks/kkKk ls ikcUn fd;k fd ^^vihykFkhZ ewy okn ds fuLrkj.k rd oknxzLr lEifŸk dks fdlh Hkh izdkj ls foØ;] jgu] nku ;k gLrkarfjr ugha djsxkA** 3- jsLiksaMsaV }kjk izLrqr izkFkZuk&i= ds tokc izkFkZuk&i= dh vksj /;ku vkdf"kZr djrs gq, fo}ku vf/koDrk vihykFkhZ dk rdZ jgk gS fd jsLiksaMsaV~l }kjk vihykFkhZ ds fo#) xyr rF;ksa ds vk/kkj ij nkok okn vLFkkbZ fu"ks/kkKk izkFkZuk&i= izLrqr fd;k gSA vihykFkhZ o jsLiksaMsaV~l ds e/; iqjkus O;olkf;d o vkilh laca/k jgs gSa] bl dkj.k jsLiksaMsaV~l }kjk vihykFkhZ dks oknxzLr lEifŸk 33]34]000@& #i;s esa tfj;s jftLVMZ foØ; i= foØ; dh x;h gSA foØ; i= dh jkf'k vnk;xh dk lEiw.kZ fooj.k jftLVMZ foØ; i= esa vafdr gSA fo}ku vf/koDrk vihykFkhZ dk ;g Hkh rdZ jgk gS fd vihykFkhZ dks ckn esa irk pyk gS fd jsLiksaMsaV~l /kks[ksckt O;fDr gSa tks lh/ks&lk/ks yksxksa dks /kks[kk nsdj lEifŸk cspku dj lkSnk dj ysrs gaS o jkf'k dks gM+i ysrs gSaA mudk ;g Hkh rdZ jgk gS fd jsLiksaMsaV~l ds fo#) /kks[kk/kM+h ds fofHkUu vkijkf/kd ekeys t;iqj lfgr jktLFkku ds dbZ ftyksa esa ntZ gq, gSaA ftuesa jsLiksaMsaV~l ds fo#) Hkkjrh; n.M lafgrk dh /kkjk 420] 406] 467] 468] 471] 384 o 120&ch ds vkjksi yxk;s x;s gSaA jsLiksaMsaV~l ds fo#) ,sls nl vkijkf/kd izdj.kksa ¼izFke lwpuk fjiksVZ½ dk fooj.k vihykFkhZ }kjk vLFkkbZ fu"ks/kkKk ds izkFkZuk&i= ds tokc esa vafdr fd;k gSA fdUrq bl laca/k esa fo}ku v/khuLFk U;k;ky; }kjk vkyksP; vkns'k esa ys'kek= Hkh fopkj ugha fd;k gSA fo}ku vf/koDrk vihykFkhZ dk ;g Hkh [2025:RJ-JP:16346] (4 of 8) [CMA-1010/2023] rdZ jgk gS fd foØ; i= fnukad 19-07-2022 dks o fdjk;kukek fnukad 20-07-2022 dks jsLiksaMsaV~l }kjk vihykFkhZ ds i{k esa fu"ikfnr fd;k x;k FkkA bl laca/k esa jsLiksaMsaV~l dk ;g feF;k vfHkopu fd;k x;k gS fd jsLiksaMsaV~l] oknxzLr lEifŸk esa vihykFkhZ ds i{k esa eq[rkjukek fu"ikfnr djuk pkgrs Fks o vihykFkhZ }kjk /kks[ks ls mDr foØ; i= fu"ikfnr dj fy;k] ekus tkus ;ksX; ugha gSA D;ksafd vxj ,slk gksrk rks jsLiksaMsaV~l 19-07-2022 dks jftLVMZ foØ; i= fu"ikfnr djus ds mijkar 20-07-2022 dks fdjk;kukek vihykFkhZ ds i{k esa D;ksa fu"ikfnr djrsA fo}ku vf/koDrk vihykFkhZ dk ;g Hkh rdZ jgk gS fd oknxzLr lEifŸk [kkyh djok;s tkus gsrq vihykFkhZ }kjk jsLiksaMsaV~l dks vius vf/koDrk ds ekQZr fnukad 25-11-2022 dks uksfVl fn;k x;k o fnukad 02-01-2023 dks U;k;ky; fdjk;k vf/kdj.k] t;iqj egkuxj&f}rh; esa oknxzLr lEifŸk ls jsLiksaMsaV~l }kjk csn[kyh dk okn Hkh izLrqr fd;kA blds ckotwn jsLiksaMsaV~l }kjk fnukad 24-01-2023 dks vihykFkhZ ds fo#) okn vLFkkbZ fu"ks/kkKk izLrqr fd;k gS tks ckn esa lksph le>h lkft'k ds rgr izLrqr fd;k x;k gSA fo}ku vf/koDrk vihykFkhZ dk ;g Hkh rdZ jgk gS fd jsLiksaMsaV~l dks fdjk;sukes dh tkudkjh fnukad 20-07-2022 dks gh gks x;h Fkh] D;ksafd vihykFkhZ us fdjk;sukes dh izfr jsLiksaMsaV~l dks mlh fnu OgkV~l,i pSV ds tfj;s Hkst nh Fkh rFkk vihykFkhZ }kjk oknxzLr lEifŸk esa vius uke fo|qr dusD'ku Hkh LFkkfir dj fy;k gS] ftlds fcy dh izfr Hkh jsLiksaMsaV~l dks OgkV~l,i pSV ds tfj;s Hkst nh x;h FkhA fdUrq jsLiksaMsaV~l }kjk xyr rF;ksa ds vk/kkj ij okLrfod lR;rk dks fNikrs gq, vihykFkhZ ds fo#) nkok izLrqr fd;k x;kA ftldk lE;d :i ls foospu fd;s fcuk gh fo}ku v/khuLFk U;k;ky; }kjk oknxzLr lEifŸk ds iathÑr [2025:RJ-JP:16346] (5 of 8) [CMA-1010/2023] Lokeh ds fo#) gh vLFkkbZ fu"ks/kkKk dk vkns'k ikfjr dj fn;k tks fof/k fo#) gSA fo}ku vf/koDrk vihykFkhZ }kjk vius rdksZa ds leFkZu esa U;k;ky; dk /;ku fuEufyf[kr U;kf;d n`"Vkar Gujarat Bottling Co. Ltd. & Ors. Vs. Coca Cola Company & Ors. reported in AIR 1995 SC 2372 o vU; U;kf;d n`"Vkar Seema Arshad Zaheer & Ors. Vs. Municipal Corpn. of Greater Mumbai & Ors. reported in 2006(44) AIC 544 dh vksj vkdf"kZr djrs gq, O;Dr fd;k fd tgka izkFkhZ dk vkpj.k nwf"kr gks ogka izkFkhZ vLFkkbZ fu"ks/kkKk izkIr djus dk vf/kdkjh ugha gksrk gSA vr% mijksDr rdksZa ds vk/kkj ij izLrqr vihy Lohdkj dh tkdj fo}ku v/khuLFk U;k;ky; }kjk ikfjr vkyksP; vkns'k fnukad 31-03-2023 dks fujLr djok;s tkus dh izkFkZuk dh x;hA 4- blds foijhr fo}ku vf/koDrk jsLiksaMsaV~l dk rdZ jgk gS fd vihykFkhZ o jsLiksaMsaV~l ds e/; iqjkus vkilh laca/k jgs gSa rFkk dqN vlkekftd rRoksa dh cqjh n`f"V oknxzLr lEifŸk ij Fkh] ftls lqjf{kr djus ds fy, jsLiksaMsaV~l] vihykFkhZ ds i{k esa eq[rkjukek fu"ikfnr djuk pkgrs Fks] fdUrq vihykFkhZ }kjk /kks[ks esa j[kdj foØ; i= o fdjk;kukek fu"ikfnr djok fy;k gSA fo}ku vf/koDrk jsLiksaMasV~l dk ;g Hkh rdZ jgk gS fd jsLiksaMsaV~l oknxzLr lEifŸk esa crkSj ekfyd dkfct gSaA fo}ku v/khuLFk U;k;ky; }kjk ewy okn ds fuLrkj.k rd vihykFkhZ dks oknxzLr lEifŸk dks vU; txg foØ;] jgu] nku vFkok vU; fdlh izdkj ls gLrkarfjr djus ls ikcUn fd;s tkus dk vkns'k fn;k gS] og fcydqy lgh gS] ftlesa gLr{ksi fd;s tkus dk dksbZ vk/kkj ekStwn ugha gSA vr% vihykFkhZ dh vksj ls izLrqr vihy fujLr fd;s tkus dh izkFkZuk dh x;hA 5- mHk;i{k dh cgl lquh x;hA i=koyh dk voyksdu fd;k x;kA [2025:RJ-JP:16346] (6 of 8) [CMA-1010/2023] 6- jsLiksaMsaV~l }kjk oknxzLr lEifŸk ds dfFkr foØ; i= dks 'kwU; ?kksf"kr djok;s tkus dks tks nkok o vLFkkbZ fu"ks/kkKk dk tks izkFkZuk&i= fo}ku v/khuLFk U;k;ky; esa lafLFkr fd;k x;k gS] mlesa of.kZr rF;ksa ds vuqlkj jsLiksaMsaV~l] vihykFkhZ ds i{k esa dsoyek= eq[rkjukek fu"ikfnr djuk pkgrs FksA tcfd vihykFkhZ us jsLiksaMsaV~l dks /kks[ks esa j[kdj mDr foØ; i= fu"ikfnr djok fy;k gSA bl laca/k esa bl U;k;ky; dk ekuuk ;g gS fd ;fn jsLiksaMsaV~l dh bPNk dsoyek= vihykFkhZ ds i{k esa eq[rkjukek fu"ikfnr djus dh Fkh vkSj fnukad 19-07-2022 dks ,d jftLVMZ nLrkost fu"ikfnr dj fn;k Fkk rks iqu% fnukad 20-07-2022 dks fdjk;sukes dk nLrkost vihykFkhZ ds i{k esa fu"ikfnr fd;s tkus dh D;k vko';drk iM+h] ;g Li"V ugha fd;k x;k gSA fo}ku v/khuLFk U;k;ky; }kjk bl rF; ij Hkh fopkj ughaa fd;k x;k gS fd vLFkkbZ fu"ks/kkKk ds tokc esa tc vihykFkhZ }kjk ;g Li"V vafdr fd;k x;k fd fnukad 25-11-2022 dks oknxzLr lEifŸk [kkyh djok;s tkus gsrq vihykFkhZ dh vksj ls jsLiksaMsaV~l dks fof/kd uksfVl fn;k x;k] mlh le; jsLiksaMsaV~l }kjk okn fujLr djok;s tkus dh dk;Zokgh D;ksa ugha dh x;hA ;g Hkh rF; fopkj.kh; gS fd tc fdjk;kukek fu"ikfnr fd;s tkus ds le; gh fu"ikfnr fdjk;sukes dh izfr vihykFkhZ }kjk OgkV~l,i pSfVax ds ek/;e ls jsLiksaMsaV~l dks Hkst nh x;h Fkh rks mlh le; jsLiksaMsaV~l }kjk fdjk;kukek ds i{k esa vkifŸk D;ksa ugha dh x;hA ;g Hkh rF;] fd ;fn okLro esa jsLiksaMsaV~l dk vk'k; vihykFkhZ ds i{k esa eq[rkjukek fu"ikfnr djus dk Fkk rks jftLVMZ foØ; i= esa izfrQy dh vnk;xh dk lEiw.kZ fooj.k iathÑr foØ; i= esa D;ksa fd;k x;k gS] blij fo}ku v/khuLFk U;k;ky; }kj fopkj ugha fd;k x;k gSA ;g rF; Hkh fopkj.kh; gS fd vLFkkbZ fu"ks/kkKk izkFkZuk&i= ds tokc esa [2025:RJ-JP:16346] (7 of 8) [CMA-1010/2023] vihykFkhZ }kjk jsLiksaMsaV~l ds fo#) /kks[kk/kM+h ds 10 vkijkf/kd eqdnesa ntZ gksus dk vadu fd;k x;k gS] bl laca/k esa Hkh v/khuLFk U;k;ky; }kjk bl ifjisz{; esa fopkj ugha fd;k x;k fd tc jsLiksaMsaV~l ds fo#) /kks[kk/kM+h ds brus ekeys ntZ gks pqds gSa] rc og ;g dSls dg ldrk gS fd Lo;a mlds lkFk /kks[kk/kM+h djrs gq, eq[rkjukek fu"ikfnr fd;s tkus dh ctk; foØ; i= fu"ikfnr djok fy;k gSA ;s lHkh og egRoiw.kZ rF; gSa] ftUgsa vihykFkhZ }kjk tokc izkFkZuk&i= vLFkkbZ fu"ks/kkKk esa crkSj vkifŸk ntZ fd;k x;k gS] fdUrq buesa ls fdlh Hkh vkifŸk ij lE;d :i ls foospu v/khuLFk U;k;ky; }kjk vius vkyksP; vkns'k esa ugha fd;k x;k gSA vr% bu leLr ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa ge] vihykFkhZ }kjk lafLFkr ;g vihy Lohdkj fd;k tkuk mfpr le>rs gSaA 7- fu"d"kZr% vihykFkhZ }kjk izLrqr vihy Lohdkj dh tkrh gS rFkk vkyksP; vkns'k fnukad 31-03-2023 dks vikLr fd;k tkrk gSA fo}ku v/khuLFk U;k;ky; dks vknsf'kr fd;k tkrk gS fd og jsLiksaMsaV~l }kjk izLrqr vLFkkbZ fu"ks/kkKk ds izkFkZuk&i= dk nksuksa i{kksa dks lquokbZ dk volj iznku djrs gq, jsLiksaMsaV~l }kjk vLFkkbZ fu"ks/kkKk izkFkZuk&i= ds tokc esa tks vkifŸk;ka yh x;h gS] mudk foospu djrs gq, iqu% vLFkkbZ fu"ks/kkKk izkFkZuk&i= dk fuLrkj.k djsaA v/khuLFk U;k;ky; dks ;g Hkh vkns'k fn;k tkrk gS fd og] ;g vkns'k izkIr gksus dh frfFk ds nks ekg ds Hkhrj jsLiksaMsaV~l }kjk izLrqr vLFkkbZ fu"ks/kkKk izkFkZuk&i= dk fuLrkj.k djsA 8- izdj.k dk vfHkys[k] vkns'k dh izfr ds lkFk] lacaf/kr fo}ku v/khuLFk U;k;ky; dks ykSVk;k tkosA 9- mijksDrkuqlkj ;g vihy fuLrkfjr dh tkrh gSA [2025:RJ-JP:16346] (8 of 8) [CMA-1010/2023] 10- lHkh yfEcr izkFkZuk&i=ksa dks Hkh mijksDrkuqlkj fuLrkfjr fd;k tkrk gSA (ASHUTOSH KUMAR),J LOKESH RAJ /13