Research › Search › Judgment

High Court of Himachal Pradesh · body

2025 DAILYLAW 13653 (HP)

BATI DEVI v. THE STATE OF HP AND OTHERS

CWP/7932/2025 · 2025-05-15

Jyotsna Rewal Dua

body2025

Judgment text

Extracted from the PDF above. The PDF is authoritative.

( 2025:HHC:14152 IN THE HIGH COURT OF HIMACHAL PRADESH, SHIMLA CWP No. 7932 of 2025 Date of decision: 15.05.2025 Bati Devi ...Petitioner. Versus State of H.P. & Ors. ...Respondents. Coram: Ms. Justice Jyotsna Rewal Dua, Judge. Whether approved for reporting? For the petitioner        : Mr. Upinder   Kumar,   Advocate vice Mr. H.S. Rana, Advocate. For the respondents    : Mr. L.N.   Sharma,   Additional Advocate General. Jyotsna Rewal Dua, Judge Petitioner   is   left   with   less   than   about   three months   of   service  before  her  superannuation. She   moved this writ petition seeking correction of date of birth in her service record from   10.07.1965 to   16.02.1968. The sub­ stantive reliefs prayed for by her are as under:­ “(i) That respondents may kindly be directed to correct the age of Petitioner in her service book from 10.07.1965 to her original date of birth 16.02.1968. ii. That the respondent may kindly be directed to grant ben­ efits of service including superannuation as per original date of birth of Petitioner i.e. 16.02.1968 which us also men­ tioned in Parivar register and record of Gram panchayat Mogdha in the interest of justice.” 1Whether reporters of Local Papers may be allowed to see the judgment? Yes ­2­  ( 2025:HHC:14152 2. The case set up by the petitioner is that:­ Petitioner   was   initially   engaged   as   Part   Time Worker in the respondent­Education Department in the year 1996. Later on, work charge status was conferred upon her. Her services were regularized during the year 2005. At the instance of the petitioner, in the service record her date of birth was reflected as 10.07.1965. This is the date of birth, which   is   also   recorded   in   petitioner’s   5th standard examination   certificate   issued   by   Department   of   Primary Education Himachal Pradesh. 2(ii) On   the   basis   of   her   recorded   date   of   birth   as 10.07.1965,   petitioner   will   superannuate   from   service   on 31.07.2025. The   petitioner   has   filed   this   writ   petition   on 03.05.2025 seeking direction to the respondents to correct her age in her service book from 10.07.1965 to 16.02.1968. Prayer has been made on the ground that her correct date of birth is 16.02.1968 as is recorded in her birth certificate (Annexure P­1). ­3­  ( 2025:HHC:14152 3. Learned vice counsel for the petitioner submitted that though Parivar Register (Annexure P­1) page­11 of the paper book,  records 16.02.1966 as petitioner’s date of birth, yet petitioner’s correct date of birth is 16.02.1968 as entered in her birth certificate. Attention was also drawn to office letter   dated   13.02.2025   an   inter   departmental communication moved on the basis of representation of the petitioner for correcting her date of birth in the service record from 10.07.1965 to 16.02.1968. 4. It   is   an   admitted   position   that   prior   to 13.02.2025, petitioner had not represented to her employer for correcting her date of birth in her service record. The first ever representation by the petitioner for correcting her date of   birth   entry   in   her   service   record   was   filed   only   on 13.02.2025 (Annexure P­3) i.e. just about six months prior to her superannuation on 31.07.2025. The petitioner has not demonstrated as to why she did not represent or raised any grievance to her employer for correcting her date of birth in her service record in accordance with Note 6 of Fundamental Rule 56 and Clause 7.1 of Chapter VII of Himachal Pradesh Financial Rules, 1971. ­4­  ( 2025:HHC:14152 In terms of Note 6 of Fundamental Rule 56 date of retirement of a Government servant, be it 58 years or 60 years,   as   the   case   may   be,   has   to   be   determined   with reference   to   date   of   birth   declared   by   the   Government servant   at   the   time   of   appointment   and   accepted   by   the appropriate authority on production, as far as possible, of confirmatory   documentary   evidence   such   as   High   School Certificate   or   extracts   from   the   Birth   Register. The   Note further provides that the date of birth so declared by the Government   servant   and   accepted   by   the   appropriate authority, shall not be subject to any alteration except as specified in this note, as under: ­ “Note 6­ (a) a request in this regard is made within five years of his entry into Government service; (b) It   is   clearly   established   that   a   genuine   bona   fide mistake has occurred; and (c) the   date   of   birth   so   altered   would   not   make   him ineligible to appear in any School or University or Union   Public   Service   Commission   examination   in which he had appeared, or for entry into Government service on the date of which he first appeared at such examination or on the date on which he entered Government service.” Clause 7.1 of Chapter VII of Himachal Pradesh Financial Rules, 1971, provides that declaration of age made ­5­  ( 2025:HHC:14152 by the employee at the time of or for the purpose of entry into government service be deemed to be conclusive unless the employee applies for correction of his recorded age within two years from the date of his entry into the government service. Clause 7.1(d) of Chapter VII reads thus: ­ ““(d)(1) in regard to the date of birth a declaration of age made at the time of or for the purpose of entry into Government service, shall as against the Government servant   in   question,   be   deemed   to   be   conclusive unless   he   applies   for   correction   of   his   age   as recorded within 2 years from the date of his entry into   Government   service. Government,   however, reserves   the   right   to   make   a   correction   in   the recorded age of the Government servant at any time against the interest of that Government servant when it is satisfied that the age recorded in his service book   or   in   the   history   of   services   of   a   gazette. Government   servant   is   incorrect   and   has   been incorrectly   recorded   with   the   object   that   the Government   servant   may   derive   some   unfair advantage therefrom. (2) When   a   Government   servant,   within   the   period allowed, makes an application for the correction of his date of birth as recorded, an inquiry shall be made to ascertain his correct age and reference shall be made in all available sources of information such as certified copies of entries in the Municipal birth register,   University   or   School   age   certificates, JANAMPATRI   (horoscope)   as   the   case   may   be. It should, however, be remembered that it is entirely discretionary on the part of the sanctioning authority to refuse or grant such application on being satisfied and no alteration should be allowed unless it has been  satisfactorily proved that the date of birth as originally given by the applicant was a bona fide mistake   and   that   he   has   derived   no   unfair advantages   therefrom. In   case   the   matriculation certificate is available, the date of birth recorded in the certificate will be deemed to be the correct age. ­6­  ( 2025:HHC:14152 (3) The result of every such inquiry should in the case of Gazetted/Non   Gazetted   Government   servants   be briefly   stated   in   their   service   cards/service   books and if correction is sanctioned, the fact should be reported to the Accountant General.” In  Bharat   Coking   Coal   Limited   and   others Versus   Shyam   Kishore   Singh1,   the   Hon’ble   Apex   Court held that request for change of date of birth in the service records at the fag end of service after accepting the same to be   correct   during   service,   cannot   be   entertained. Even   if there is good evidence to establish that the recorded date of birth is erroneous, the correction cannot be claimed as a matter of right. Relevant paragraphs of the judgment read as under: ­ “9. This Court has consistently held that the request for change of the date of birth in the service records at the fag end of service is not sustainable. The learned Additional Solicitor General has in that regard relied on the decision in the case of State of Maharashtra and Anr. vs. Gorakhnath Sitaram Kamble2, wherein a series of the earlier decisions of this Court were taken note and was held as hereunder: “16. The learned counsel for the appellant has placed reliance   on   the   judgment   of   this   Court   in   U.P. Madhyamik   Shiksha   Parishad   v.   Raj   Kumar Agnihotri3. In this case, this Court has considered a number of judgments of this Court and observed that the grievance as to the date of birth in the service 1(2020) 3 Supreme Court Cases 411 2(2010) 14 SCC 423 3(2005) 11 SCC 465 ­7­  ( 2025:HHC:14152 record should not be permitted at the fag end of the service career. 17. In another judgment in State of Uttaranchal v. Pitamber   Dutt   Semwal4  relief   was   denied   to   the government employee on the ground that he sought correction in the service record after nearly 30 years of service. While setting aside the judgment of the High Court, this Court observed that the High Court ought not to have interfered with the decision after almost three decades. * * * 19. These decisions lead to a different dimension of the case that correction at the fag end would be at the cost of a large number of employees, therefore, any correction at the fag end must be discouraged by the court. The  relevant  portion   of  the  judgment  in Home Deptt.v. R. Kirubakaran5 reads as under: “7. An application for correction of the date of birth [by a public servant cannot be entertained at the fag end of his service]. It need not be pointed out that any such direction for correction of   the   date   of   birth   of   the   public   servant concerned has a chain  reaction,  inasmuch as others   waiting   for   years,   below   him   for   their respective   promotions   are   affected   in   this process. Some   are   likely   to   suffer   irreparable injury, inasmuch as, because of the correction of the date of birth, the officer concerned, continues in office, in some cases for years, within which time   many   officers   who   are   below   him   in seniority waiting for their promotion, may lose their promotion forever. … According to us, this is   an   important   aspect,   which   cannot   be   lost sight   of   by   the   court   or   the   tribunal   while examining the grievance of a public servant in respect of correction of his date of birth. As such, unless a clear case on the basis of materials which can be held to be conclusive in nature, is made out by the respondent, the court or the tribunal   should   not   issue   a   direction,   on   the basis of materials which make such claim only plausible. Before any such direction is issued, the court or the tribunal must be fully satisfied that there has been real injustice to the person 4(2005) 11 SCC 477 51994 Supp (1) SCC 155 ­8­  ( 2025:HHC:14152 concerned and his claim for correction of date of birth   has   been   made   in   accordance   with   the procedure prescribed, and within the time fixed by   any   rule   or   order. …   the   onus   is   on   the applicant to prove the wrong recording of his date of birth, in his service book.” 10. This Court in fact has also held that even if there is good evidence to establish that the recorded date of birth is erroneous, the correction cannot be claimed as a matter of right. In that regard, in State of M.P. vs. Premlal Shrivas6, it is held as hereunder; “8. It   needs   to   be   emphasised   that   in   matters involving   correction   of   date   of   birth   of   a government servant, particularly on the eve of his superannuation or at the fag end of his career,   the   court   or   the  tribunal   has   to   be circumspect,   cautious   and   careful   while issuing direction for correction of date of birth, recorded in the service book at the time of entry into any government service. Unless the court or the tribunal is fully satisfied on the basis of the irrefutable proof relating to his date of birth and that such a claim is made in accordance with the procedure prescribed or as per the consistent procedure adopted by the department concerned, as the case may be, and a real injustice has been caused to the person concerned, the court or the tribunal should   be   loath   to   issue   a   direction   for correction of the service book. Time and again this Court has expressed the view that if a government   servant   makes   a   request   for correction of the recorded date of birth after lapse of a long time of his induction into the service, particularly beyond the time fixed by his employer, he cannot claim, as a matter of right, the correction of his date of birth, even if he has good evidence to establish that the recorded date of birth is clearly erroneous. No court or the tribunal can come to the aid of those who sleep over their rights (see Union of India v. Harnam Singh)7 12. Be that as it may, in our opinion, the delay of over two decades in applying for the correction of date of birth is ex facie fatal to the case of the respondent, 6(2011) 9 SCC 664 7(1993) 2 SCC 162 ­9­  ( 2025:HHC:14152 notwithstanding the fact that there was no specific rule   or   order,   framed   or   made,   prescribing   the period within which such application could be filed. It is trite that even  in such a  situation such  an application should be filed which can be held to be reasonable. The application filed by the respondent 25   years   after   his   induction   into   service,   by   no standards, can be held to be reasonable, more so when not a feeble attempt was made to explain the said delay. There is also no substance in the plea of the respondent that since Rule 84 of the M.P. Financial   Code   does   not   prescribe   the   time­limit within   which   an   application   is   to   be   filed,   the appellants were duty­bound to correct the clerical error in recording of his date of birth in the service book.” The   above   principles   were   reiterated   by   the Hon’ble  Apex  Court   in  Karnataka   Rural   Infrastructure Development Limited versus T.P. Nataraja and others8, wherein after considering its previous pronouncements on the   subject,   the   law   on   change   of   date   of   birth   was summarized as under: ­ “10. Considering the aforesaid decisions of this Court in law on change of date of birth can be summarized as under: ­ (i)  application for change of date of birth can only be as per the relevant provisions/ regulations applicable; (ii)  application can be rejected on the ground of delay and latches also more particularly when it is made at the fag end of service and/or when the employee is about   to   retire   on   attaining   the   age   of superannuation. 11. Therefore, applying the law laid down by this Court in the aforesaid decisions, the application of the respondent for change of date of birth was liable to be 8(2021) 11 SCALE 110 ­10­  ( 2025:HHC:14152 rejected on the ground of delay  and laches also and therefore as such respondent employee was not entitled to the decree of declaration and therefore the impugned judgment   and   order   passed   by   the   High   Court   is unsustainable and not tenable at law.” In   view   of   above,   relief   as   prayed   for   by   the petitioner cannot be granted to her at the fag end of her service career. Hence, the petition fails and is accordingly dismissed. Pending miscellaneous application(s), if any, also stand disposed of. Jyotsna Rewal Dua 15th May, 2025 Judge (rohit)