Section ꯶꯳

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(꯱) ꯑꯙꯤꯅꯤꯌꯝꯑꯁꯤꯗꯌꯥꯎꯔꯕꯁꯨ, ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯇ꯭ꯔꯣꯅꯤꯛꯔꯦꯀꯣꯔ ꯭ ꯗꯑꯃꯗꯌꯥꯎꯕꯏ-ꯄꯥꯎꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯕꯨꯆꯦꯗꯅꯝꯗꯨꯅ, ꯑꯣꯞꯇꯤꯀꯦꯜꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒꯃꯦꯒꯅꯦꯇꯤꯛꯃꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒꯁꯦꯃꯤꯀꯟꯗꯛꯇꯔꯃꯦꯃꯦꯔꯤꯗꯊꯝꯗꯨꯅ, ꯔꯦꯀꯣꯔ ꯭ ꯗꯇꯧꯔꯒꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒꯀꯣꯄꯤ ꯇꯧꯗꯨꯅ ꯀꯝꯄ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯇꯔ ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ ꯏ-ꯄꯥꯎ ꯐꯥꯎꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯩ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯅ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯛꯄ ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗ ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯇ꯭ꯔꯣꯅꯤꯛꯀꯤꯃꯑꯣꯡꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯗꯊꯝꯗꯨꯅ, ꯔꯦꯀꯣꯔ ꯭ ꯗꯇꯧꯔꯒꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒꯀꯣꯄꯤꯇꯧꯔꯒ(ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯃꯈꯥꯇꯥꯅꯀꯝꯄ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯇꯔ ꯑꯥꯎꯠꯄꯨꯠꯍꯥꯏꯅꯈꯪꯅꯩ) ꯏ-ꯄꯥꯎꯒꯃꯔꯤꯂꯩꯅꯕꯋꯥꯐꯝꯁꯤꯡꯑꯗꯨꯐꯪꯂꯕꯗꯤꯗꯣꯀꯨꯃꯦꯟꯑꯃꯁꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯂꯧꯒꯅꯤꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ computer in question and shall be admissible in any proceedings, without further proof or production of the original, as evidence or any contents of the original or of any fact stated therein of which direct evidence would be admissible. (2) The conditions referred to in sub-section (1) in respect of a computer output shall be the following, namely:— (a) the computer output containing the information was produced by the computer or communication device during the period over which the computer or communication device was used regularly to create, store or process information for the purposes of any activity regularly carried on over that period by the person having lawful control over the use of the computer or communication device; (b) during the said period, information of the kind contained in the electronic record or of the kind from which the information so contained is derived was regularly fed into the computer or communication device in the ordinary course of the said activities; (c) throughout the material part of the said period, the computer or communication device was operating properly or, if not, then in respect of any period in which it was not operating properly or was out of operation during that part of the period, was not such as to affect the electronic record or the accuracy of its contents; and (d) the information contained in the electronic record reproduces or is derived from such information fed into the computer or communication device in the ordinary course of the said activities. (3) Where over any period, the function of creating, storing or processing information for the purposes of any activity regularly carried on over that period as mentioned in clause (a) of sub-section (2) was regularly performed by means of one or more computers or communication device, whether— (a) in standalone mode; or (b) on a computer system; or (c) on a computer network; or (d) on a computer resource enabling information creation or providing information processing and storage; or (e) through an intermediary, all the computers or communication devices used for that purpose during that period shall be treated for the purposes of this section as constituting a single computer or communication device; and references in this section to a computer or communication device shall be construed accordingly. (4) In any proceeding where it is desired to give a statement in evidence by virtue of this section, a certificate doing any of the following things shall be submitted along with the electronic record at each instance where it is being submitted for admission, namely:— (a) identifying the electronic record containing the statement and describing the manner in which it was produced; (b) giving such particulars of any device involved in the production of that electronic record as may be appropriate for the purpose of showing that the electronic record was produced by a computer or a communication device referred to in clauses (a) to (e) of sub-section (3); (c) dealing with any of the matters to which the conditions mentioned in sub-section (2) relate, and purporting to be signed by a person in charge of the computer or communication device or the management of the relevant activities (whichever is appropriate) and an expert shall be evidence of any matter stated in the certificate; and for the purposes of this sub-section it shall be sufficient for a matter to be stated to the best of the knowledge and belief of the person stating it in the certificate specified in the Schedule. Sec. 1] THE GAZETTE OF INDIA EXTRAORDINARY 23 _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ Sec. 1] ꯗꯒꯦꯖꯦꯠꯑꯣꯐꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥꯑꯦꯛꯁꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯑꯣꯔꯗꯤꯅꯔꯤ 23 ꯋꯥꯍꯪꯑꯣꯏꯅꯂꯥꯛꯄꯀꯝꯄ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯇꯔꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯣꯁꯤꯗꯤꯡꯁꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯗ, ꯃꯈꯥꯇꯥꯕꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯨꯐꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒꯑꯣꯔꯤꯖꯤꯅꯦꯜꯑꯗꯨꯄꯨꯊꯣꯛꯄ ꯌꯥꯗꯅ, ꯑꯣꯔꯤꯖꯤꯅꯦꯜꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯃꯥꯟꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒꯑꯣꯔꯤꯖꯤꯅꯦꯜꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤꯀꯟꯇꯦꯟ꯭ꯇꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯒꯤꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒꯃꯗꯨꯗꯌꯥꯎꯔꯤꯕꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯒꯤꯑꯣꯏꯅꯑꯦꯗꯃꯤꯁꯟꯇꯧꯒꯅꯤ, ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤꯗꯥꯏꯔꯦꯛꯇꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯃꯥꯟꯑꯗꯨꯑꯦꯗꯃꯤꯁꯟꯇꯧꯒꯅꯤ꯫ (꯲) ꯀꯝꯄ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯇꯔꯑꯥꯎꯠꯄꯨꯠꯑꯃꯒꯤꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯁꯕ-ꯁꯦꯛꯁꯟ(꯱) ꯗꯄꯟꯈ꯭ꯔꯤꯕꯅꯤꯌꯝꯁꯤꯡꯑꯁꯤꯃꯈꯥꯗꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯒꯅꯤ, ꯃꯤꯡꯑꯣꯏꯅ: - (a) ꯏ-ꯄꯥꯎꯌꯥꯎꯕꯀꯝꯄ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯇꯔꯒꯤꯑꯥꯎꯠꯄꯨꯠꯑꯗꯨꯀꯝꯄ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯇꯔꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒꯏ-ꯄꯥꯎꯐꯥꯎꯅꯕꯒꯤꯄꯥꯝꯕꯩꯑꯗꯨꯅꯀꯝꯄ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯇꯔ ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒꯏ-ꯄꯥꯎꯐꯥꯎꯅꯕꯒꯤꯄꯥꯝꯕꯩꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯈꯤꯕꯃꯇꯝꯑꯗꯨꯗꯀꯝꯄ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯇꯔꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒꯏ-ꯄꯥꯎꯐꯥꯎꯅꯕꯒꯤꯄꯥꯝꯕꯩꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯑꯥꯏꯟꯒꯤꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯂꯥꯛꯁꯤꯟꯕꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯑꯗꯨꯅꯃꯇꯝꯑꯗꯨꯗꯆꯥꯡꯅꯥꯏꯅꯆꯠꯊꯈꯤꯕꯊꯕꯛꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯏ-ꯄꯥꯎ ꯁꯦꯝꯅꯕ, ꯊꯝꯅꯕꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯣꯁꯦꯁꯇꯧꯅꯕꯆꯥꯡꯅꯥꯏꯅꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯈꯤꯕꯃꯇꯝꯑꯗꯨꯗꯄꯨꯊꯣꯛꯈꯤꯕꯅꯤ꯫ (b) ꯄꯟꯈ꯭ꯔꯤꯕꯃꯇꯝꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ, ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯇ꯭ꯔꯣꯅꯤꯛꯔꯦꯀꯣꯔꯗꯇꯌꯥꯎꯕꯃꯈꯜꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒꯑꯁꯨꯝꯅꯌꯥꯎꯕꯏ-ꯄꯥꯎ ꯑꯗꯨꯂꯧꯈꯤꯕꯃꯈꯜꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤꯏ-ꯄꯥꯎꯑꯁꯤꯄꯟꯈ꯭ꯔꯤꯕꯊꯕꯛꯁꯤꯡꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤꯑꯆꯝꯕꯈꯣꯡꯊꯥꯡꯗꯀꯝꯄ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯇꯔꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒꯏ-ꯄꯥꯎ ꯐꯥꯎꯅꯕꯒꯤꯈꯨꯠꯂꯥꯏꯗꯆꯥꯡꯅꯥꯏꯅꯍꯥꯞꯈꯤ꯫ (c) ꯄꯟꯈ꯭ꯔꯤꯕꯃꯇꯝꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤꯃꯆꯥꯛꯀꯤꯁꯔꯨꯛꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇ, ꯀꯝꯄ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯇꯔꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒꯏ-ꯄꯥꯎꯐꯥꯎꯅꯕꯒꯤꯈꯨꯠꯂꯥꯏꯑꯗꯨꯅꯐꯖꯅ ꯊꯕꯛꯇꯧꯔꯝꯃꯤꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ, ꯇꯧꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯇꯝꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤꯁꯔꯨꯛꯑꯗꯨꯗꯃꯁꯤꯐꯖꯅꯊꯕꯛꯇꯧꯗꯕꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒꯊꯕꯛꯇꯧꯗꯕꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯒꯤꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ, ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯇ꯭ꯔꯣꯅꯤꯛꯔꯦꯀꯣꯔꯗꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒꯃꯁꯤꯗꯌꯥꯎꯕꯄꯣꯠꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯆꯥꯡꯗꯑꯀꯥꯏꯕꯄꯤꯅꯕ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯝꯗꯦ; ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ (d) ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯇ꯭ꯔꯣꯅꯤꯛꯔꯦꯀꯣꯔꯗꯇꯌꯥꯎꯕꯏ-ꯄꯥꯎꯑꯁꯤꯍꯥꯏꯔꯤꯕꯊꯕꯛ-ꯊꯧꯔꯝꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯑꯆꯝꯕꯈꯣꯡꯊꯥꯡꯗꯀꯝꯄ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯇꯔ ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒꯏ-ꯄꯥꯎꯐꯥꯎꯅꯕꯒꯤꯄꯥꯝꯕꯩꯗꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯏ-ꯄꯥꯎꯑꯁꯤꯑꯃꯨꯛꯍꯟꯅꯄꯨꯊꯣꯛꯏꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒꯂꯧꯏ꯫ (꯳) ꯃꯇꯝꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯗ, ꯁꯕ-ꯁꯦꯛꯁꯟ(꯲) ꯒꯤꯀ ꯭ ꯂꯣꯖ(a) ꯗꯄꯟꯈ꯭ꯔꯤꯕꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯃꯇꯝꯑꯗꯨꯗꯆꯥꯡꯅꯥꯏꯅꯆꯠꯊꯈꯤꯕꯊꯕꯛ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯒꯤꯄꯥꯟꯗꯝꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯏ-ꯄꯥꯎꯁꯦꯝꯕꯒꯤ, ꯂꯤꯕꯒꯤꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯣꯁꯦꯁꯇꯧꯕꯒꯤꯊꯕꯛꯑꯁꯤꯆꯥꯡꯅꯥꯏꯅꯀꯝꯄ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯇꯔꯑꯃ ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒꯍꯦꯟꯅꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒꯄꯥꯎꯐꯥꯎꯅꯕꯒꯤꯄꯥꯝꯕꯩꯒꯤꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯈꯤꯕꯃꯇꯝꯗ, - (a) ꯁ ꯭ ꯇꯦꯟꯑꯣꯂꯣꯟꯃꯣꯗꯇ; ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ (b) ꯀꯝꯄ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯇꯔꯁꯤꯁ ꯭ ꯇꯦꯝꯑꯃꯗ; ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ (c) ꯀꯝꯄ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯇꯔꯅꯦꯠꯋꯥꯔꯛꯑꯃꯗ; ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ (d) ꯏ-ꯄꯥꯎꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯄꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒꯏ-ꯄꯥꯎꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯣꯁꯦꯁꯇꯧꯕꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡꯂꯤꯗꯨꯅꯊꯝꯕꯉꯝꯕꯀꯝꯄ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯇꯔꯔꯤꯁꯣꯁꯑꯃꯗ; ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ (e) ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯂꯩꯕꯑꯃꯒꯤꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗ, ꯃꯇꯝꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯈꯤꯕꯀꯝꯄ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯇꯔꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒꯏ-ꯄꯥꯎ ꯐꯥꯎꯅꯕꯒꯤꯄꯥꯝꯕꯩꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯑꯁꯤꯁꯔꯨꯛꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤꯄꯥꯟꯗꯝꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯀꯝꯄ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯇꯔꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒꯏ-ꯄꯥꯎꯐꯥꯎꯅꯕꯒꯤꯄꯥꯝꯕꯩ ꯑꯃꯈꯛꯇꯃꯛꯑꯣꯏꯅꯂꯧꯒꯅꯤ; ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡꯁꯔꯨꯛꯑꯁꯤꯗꯀꯝꯄ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯇꯔꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒꯏ-ꯄꯥꯎꯐꯥꯎꯅꯕꯒꯤꯄꯥꯝꯕꯩꯑꯃꯗꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕ ꯋꯥꯐꯝꯁꯤꯡꯑꯗꯨꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯂꯧꯒꯅꯤ꯫ (4) ꯁꯦꯛꯁꯟꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯃꯥꯟꯑꯣꯏꯅꯁ ꯭ ꯇꯦꯠꯃꯦꯟꯠꯑꯃꯄꯤꯅꯕꯄꯥꯝꯂꯤꯕꯊꯧꯁꯤꯜꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯗ, ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕ ꯊꯕꯛꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕꯁꯔꯇꯤꯐꯤꯀꯦꯠꯑꯃꯃꯁꯤꯍꯥꯞꯆꯤꯟꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯊꯧꯗꯣꯛꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯇ ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯇ꯭ꯔꯣꯅꯤꯛꯔꯦꯀꯣꯔ ꯭ ꯗꯑꯗꯨꯒꯂꯣꯏꯅꯅꯄꯤꯒꯅꯤ, ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯗꯤ: - (a) ꯁ ꯭ ꯇꯦꯠꯃꯦꯟꯠꯑꯗꯨꯌꯥꯎꯕꯏꯂꯦꯛꯇ꯭ꯔꯣꯅꯤꯛꯔꯦꯀꯣꯔ ꯭ ꯗꯑꯗꯨꯃꯁꯛꯈꯪꯗꯣꯛꯄꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡꯃꯗꯨꯄꯨꯊꯣꯛꯈꯤꯕꯃꯑꯣꯡꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯅꯇꯥꯛꯄ; (b) ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯇ꯭ꯔꯣꯅꯤꯛꯔꯦꯀꯣꯔ ꯭ ꯗꯑꯗꯨꯀꯝꯄ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯇꯔꯑꯃꯅꯄꯨꯊꯣꯛꯈꯤꯕꯅꯤꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒꯁꯕ-ꯁꯦꯛꯁꯟ(꯳) ꯒꯤꯀ ꯭ ꯂꯣꯖ(a) ꯗꯒꯤ(e) ꯗꯄꯟꯈ꯭ꯔꯤꯕꯏ-ꯄꯥꯎꯐꯥꯎꯅꯕꯒꯤꯄꯥꯝꯕꯩꯑꯃꯅꯄꯨꯊꯣꯛꯈꯤꯕꯅꯤꯍꯥꯏꯕꯗꯨꯎꯠꯄꯒꯤꯄꯥꯟꯗꯝꯗꯆꯨꯅꯕꯏꯂꯦꯛꯇ꯭ꯔꯣꯅꯤꯛꯔꯦꯀꯣꯔ ꯭ ꯗꯑꯗꯨ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯛꯄꯗꯌꯥꯎꯕꯈꯨꯠꯂꯥꯏꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯒꯤꯑꯀꯨꯞꯄꯃꯔꯣꯜꯁꯤꯡꯄꯤꯕ; (c) ꯁꯕ-ꯁꯦꯛꯁꯟ(꯲) ꯗꯄꯟꯈ꯭ꯔꯤꯕꯋꯥꯐꯝꯁꯤꯡꯑꯁꯤꯒꯃꯔꯤꯂꯩꯅꯕꯋꯥꯐꯝꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯒꯃꯔꯤꯂꯩꯅꯕ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡꯀꯝꯄ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯇꯔꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒꯏ-ꯄꯥꯎꯐꯥꯎꯅꯕꯒꯤꯄꯥꯝꯕꯩꯒꯤꯊꯧꯗꯥꯡꯂꯧꯔꯤꯕꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯑꯃꯅꯈꯨꯠꯌꯦꯛꯄꯤꯕꯤꯕꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯊꯕꯛ-ꯊꯧꯔꯝꯁꯤꯡꯁꯤꯟꯗꯣꯛ-ꯁꯤꯟꯖꯤꯟꯇꯧꯕ(ꯃꯗꯨꯈ꯭ꯋꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤꯆꯨꯅꯕꯑꯣꯏ) ꯍꯥꯏꯅꯂꯧꯔꯤꯕꯑꯗꯨꯒꯍꯩꯁꯤꯡꯕꯑꯃꯅ ꯁꯔꯇꯤꯐꯤꯀꯦꯠꯑꯗꯨꯗꯄꯟꯈ꯭ꯔꯕꯋꯥꯐꯝꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯒꯤꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯃꯥꯟꯑꯣꯏꯒꯅꯤ; ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡꯁꯕ-ꯁꯦꯛꯁꯟꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤꯄꯥꯟꯗꯝꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯃꯁꯤ ꯁꯦꯗꯨꯜꯗꯄꯟꯈ꯭ꯔꯤꯕꯁꯔꯇꯤꯐꯤꯀꯦꯠꯑꯗꯨꯗꯍꯥꯏꯔꯤꯕꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯑꯗꯨꯅꯈ꯭ꯋꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤꯐꯖꯅꯈꯡꯕꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡꯊꯥꯖꯕꯒꯂꯣꯏꯅꯅꯋꯥꯐꯝꯑꯃ ꯐꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛꯄꯗꯃꯇꯤꯛꯆꯥꯕꯑꯣꯏꯒꯅꯤ꯫ (5) For the purposes of this section,— (a) information shall be taken to be supplied to a computer or communication device if it is supplied thereto in any appropriate form and whether it is so supplied directly or (with or without human intervention) by means of any appropriate equipment; (b) a computer output shall be taken to have been produced by a computer or communication device whether it was produced by it directly or (with or without human intervention) by means of any appropriate equipment or by other electronic means as referred to in clauses (a) to (e) of sub-section (3).