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Whoever, being legally bound by an oath or by an express provision of law to state the truth, or being bound by law to make a declaration upon any subject, makes any statement which is false, and which he either knows or believes to be false or does not believe to be true, is said to give false evidence. Explanation 1.—A statement is within the meaning of this section, whether it is made verbally or otherwise. Explanation 2.—A false statement as to the belief of the person attesting is within the meaning of this section, and a person may be guilty of giving false evidence by stating that he believes a thing which he does not believe, as well as by stating that he knows a thing which he does not know. Illustrations. (a) A, in support of a just claim which B has against Z for one thousand rupees, falsely swears on a trial that he heard Z admit the justice of B’s claim. A has given false evidence. Threat of injury to public servant. Threat of injury to induce person to refrain from applying for protection to public servant. Attempt to commit suicide to compel or restrain exercise of lawful power. Giving false evidence. Sec. 1] THE GAZETTE OF INDIA EXTRAORDINARY 63 ____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ Sec. 1] THE GAZETTE OF INDIA EXTRAORDINARY 63 (b) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯊꯥꯖꯗꯕꯑꯁꯤꯅꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯤꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ, ꯍꯛꯆꯥꯡꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒꯆꯦꯛꯁꯤꯟꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡꯗꯑꯋꯥꯕꯊꯣꯛꯍꯟꯕ ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒꯊꯣꯛꯍꯟꯕꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒꯏꯔꯥꯡꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒꯌꯦꯠꯅꯕꯊꯣꯛꯍꯟꯕꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒꯊꯣꯛꯍꯟꯕꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯆꯍꯤꯑꯃꯐꯥꯎꯕ ꯍꯦꯟꯒꯠꯍꯟꯕꯌꯥꯕꯃꯇꯝꯑꯃꯒꯤꯑꯣꯏꯅꯐꯥꯗꯣꯛꯄꯤꯕ, ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒꯂꯨꯄꯥꯂꯤꯁꯤꯡꯃꯉꯥꯐꯥꯎꯕꯍꯦꯟꯒꯠꯍꯟꯕꯌꯥꯕꯐꯥꯏꯟ ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒꯑꯅꯤꯃꯛꯀꯤꯑꯣꯏꯅꯆꯩꯔꯥꯛꯄꯤꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯅꯇꯥꯛꯄ꯫-ꯃꯔꯥꯜꯂꯩꯕꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯑꯗꯨꯅꯑꯋꯥꯕꯄꯤꯅꯕꯄꯥꯟꯗꯝꯊꯝꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ, ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤꯊꯥꯖꯗꯕꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯄꯤꯔꯛꯄꯌꯥꯏꯍꯥꯏꯅꯈꯟꯕꯃꯊꯧꯇꯥꯗꯦ꯫ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯉꯥꯛꯄꯉꯝꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯅꯤꯌꯝꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯈꯡꯕꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯉꯥꯛꯄꯉꯝꯗꯕꯑꯗꯨꯅꯑꯋꯥꯕꯊꯣꯛꯍꯜꯂꯤ, ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒꯊꯣꯛꯍꯟꯕꯌꯥꯏꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯈꯪꯕꯅꯃꯇꯤꯛꯆꯥꯕꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯏꯂꯨꯁꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯟ꯫ ꯙꯔꯃꯒꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯈꯣꯡꯆꯠꯑꯃꯅꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯂꯝꯕꯤꯑꯃꯗꯆꯠꯄꯌꯥꯔꯣꯏꯍꯥꯏꯅꯂꯝꯖꯤꯡꯗꯨꯅ, ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯀꯥꯡꯂꯣꯟꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯥꯎꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯑꯥꯏꯟꯒꯤꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯁꯛꯇꯤꯂꯩꯕꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯒꯤꯊꯕꯛꯇꯧꯕꯑꯃꯅꯅꯤꯌꯝꯑꯃꯂꯥꯎꯊꯣꯛꯏ꯫A ꯑꯃꯅꯈꯪꯅꯅꯤꯌꯝꯑꯗꯨ ꯏꯟꯗꯦ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡꯃꯁꯤꯅꯃꯔꯝꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯏꯔꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯄꯒꯤꯑꯔꯨꯕꯐꯤꯕꯝꯊꯣꯛꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫Aꯅꯁꯦꯛꯁꯟꯑꯁꯤꯗꯄꯟꯈ꯭ꯔꯤꯕꯃꯔꯥꯜꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯧꯈ꯭ꯔꯦ꯫