The NEGOTIABLE INSTRUMENTS ACT, 1881
chandigarh · 1881
- S. 1Subs
- S. 2Explanation re-numbered as Explanation I thereof by Act 55 of 2002, s
- S. 3Subs
- S. 4Ins
- S. 5“Bill of exchange”
- S. 6Ins
- S. 7“Drawer” “Drawee”
- S. 8“Holder”
- S. 9“Holder in due course”
- S. 10“Payment in due course”
- S. 11Inland instrument
- S. 12Foreign instrument
- S. 13“Negotiable instrument”
- S. 14Negotiation
- S. 15Indorsement
- S. 16Indorsement “in blank” and “in full”
- S. 17Ambiguous instruments
- S. 18Where amount is stated differently in figures and words
- S. 19Instruments payable on demand
- S. 20Inchoate stamped instruments
- S. 21“At sight”
- S. 22“Maturity”
- S. 23Calculating maturity of bill or note payable so many months after date or sight
- S. 24Calculating maturity of bill or note payable so many days after date or sight
- S. 25When day of maturity is a holiday
- S. 26Capacity to make, etc
- S. 27Agency
- S. 28Liability of agent signing
- S. 29Liability of legal representative signing
- S. 30Liability of drawer
- S. 31Liability of drawee of cheque
- S. 32Liability of maker of note and acceptor of bill
- S. 33Only drawee can be acceptor except in need or for honour
- S. 34Acceptance by several drawees not partners
- S. 35Liability of indorser
- S. 36Liability of prior parties to holder in due course
- S. 37Maker, drawer and acceptor principals
- S. 38Prior party a principal in respect of each subsequent party
- S. 39Suretyship
- S. 40Discharge of indorser's liability
- S. 41Acceptor bound, although, indorsement forged
- S. 42Acceptance of bill drawn in fictitious name
- S. 43Negotiable instrument made, etc
- S. 44Partial absence or failure of money-consideration
- S. 45Partial failure of consideration not consisting of money
- S. 45AHolder’s right to duplicate of lost bill
- S. 46Delivery
- S. 47Negotiation by delivery
- S. 48Negotiation by indorsement
- S. 49Conversion of indorsement in blank into indorsement in full
- S. 50Effect of indorsement
- S. 51Who may negotiate
- S. 52Indorser who excludes his own liability or makes it conditional
- S. 53Holder deriving title from holder in due course
- S. 54Instrument indorsed in blank
- S. 55Conversion of indorsement in blank into indorsement in full
- S. 56Indorsement for part of sum due
- S. 57Legal representative cannot by delivery only negotiate instrument indorsed by deceased
- S. 58Instrument obtained by unlawful means or for unlawful consideration
- S. 59Instrument acquired after dishonour or when overdue
- S. 60Instrument negotiable till payment or satisfaction
- S. 61Presentment for acceptance
- S. 62Presentment of promissory note for sight
- S. 63Drawee’s time for deliberation
- S. 64Presentment for payment
- S. 65Section 65 specifies that presentment for payment under the Negotiable Instruments Act must occur during usual business hours or banking hours if at a banker's.
- S. 66Section 66 mandates presentment for payment of promissory notes or bills payable after date or sight at maturity.
- S. 67Presentment for payment of promissory note payable by instalments
- S. 68Presentment for payment of instrument payable at specified place and not elsewhere
- S. 69Instrument payable at specified place
- S. 70Presentment where no exclusive place specified
- S. 71Presentment when maker, etc
- S. 72Presentment of cheque to charge drawer
- S. 73Presentment of cheque to charge any other person
- S. 74Presentment of instrument payable on demand
- S. 75Presentment by or to agent, representative of deceased, or assignee of insolvent
- S. 75AExcuse for delay in presentment for acceptance or payment
- S. 76When presentment unnecessary
- S. 77Liability of banker for negligently dealing with bill presented for payment
- S. 78To whom payment should be made
- S. 79Interest when rate specified
- S. 80Interest when no rate specified
- S. 81Delivery of instrument on payment or indemnity in case of loss
- S. 82Discharge from liability
- S. 83Discharge by allowing drawee more than forty-eight hours to accept
- S. 84When cheque not duly presented and drawer damaged thereby
- S. 85Cheque payable to order
- S. 85ADrafts drawn by one branch of a bank on another payable to order
- S. 86Parties not consenting discharged by qualified or limited acceptance
- S. 87Effect of material alteration
- S. 88Acceptor or indorser bound notwithstanding previous alteration
- S. 89Payment of instrument on which alteration is not apparent
- S. 90Extinguishment of rights of action on bill in acceptor's hands
- S. 91Dishonour by non-acceptance
- S. 92Dishonour by non-payment
- S. 93By and to whom notice should be given
- S. 94Mode in which notice may be given
- S. 95Party receiving must transmit notice of dishonour
- S. 96Agent for presentment
- S. 97When party to whom notice given is dead
- S. 98When notice of dishonour is unnecessary
- S. 99Noting
- S. 100Protest
- S. 101Contents of protest
- S. 102Notice of protest
- S. 103Protest for non-payment after dishonour by non-acceptance
- S. 104Protest of foreign bills
Chapter CHAPTER IX
- S. 105Reasonable time
- S. 106Reasonable time of giving notice of dishonour
- S. 107Reasonable time for transmitting such notice
- S. 108Acceptance for honour
- S. 109How acceptance for honour must be made
- S. 110Acceptance not specifying for whose honour it is made
- S. 111Liability of acceptor for honour
- S. 112When acceptor for honour may be charged
- S. 113Payment for honour
- S. 114Right of payer for honour
- S. 115Drawee in case of need
- S. 116Acceptance and payment without protest
- S. 117Rules as to compensation
- S. 118Presumptions as to negotiable instruments
- S. 119Presumption on proof of protest
- S. 120Estoppel against denying original validity of instrument
- S. 121Estoppel against denying capacity of payee to indorse
- S. 122Estoppel against denying signature or capacity of prior party
- S. 123Cheque crossed generally
- S. 124Cheque crossed specially
- S. 125Crossing after issue
- S. 126Payment of cheque crossed generally
- S. 127Payment of cheque crossed specially more than once
- S. 128Payment in due course of crossed cheque
- S. 129Payment of crossed cheque out of due course
- S. 130Cheque bearing “not negotiable”
- S. 131Non-liability of banker receiving payment of cheque
- S. 131AApplication of Chapter to drafts
- S. 132Set of bills
- S. 133Section 133 states that the first holder in due course of different parts of the same negotiable instrument is entitled to all parts and the money represented by it.
- S. 134Law governing liability of maker, acceptor or indorser of foreign instrument
- S. 135Law of place of payment governs dishonour
- S. 136Instrument made, etc
- S. 137Presumption as to foreign law
- S. 138Dishonour of cheque for insufficiency, etc
- S. 139Presumption in favour of holder
- S. 140Defence which may not be allowed in any prosecution under section 138
- S. 141Offences by companies
- S. 142Cognizance of offences
- S. 142AValidation for transfer of pending cases
- S. 143Power of Court to try cases summarily
- S. 143APower to direct interim compensation
- S. 144Mode of service of summons
- S. 145Evidence on affidavit
- S. 146Bank’s slip prima facie evidence of certain facts
- S. 147Offences to be compoundable
- S. 148Power of Appellate Court to order payment pending appeal against conviction